Microsoft Word 阮林浩-二校 1271

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1 6 4 Vol. 6 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Apr., 2015 * 阮林浩, 卢秦华, 谭吉慧, 吴丹, 朱旗 (,, ) 摘要 : 目的方法,, 结果,, ; 结论关键词 : ; ; ; Report of variations and differences of Eurotium cristatum in Fuzhuan brick tea during fungi growing RUAN Lin-Hao, LU Qin-Hua, TAN Ji-Hui, WU Dan, ZHU Qi * (Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha , China) ABSTRACT: Objective To explore the variations of the types of Eurotium cristatum in the Fuzhuan brick tea that produced in different seasons and regions. Methods Samples that produced in different seasons were collected from Wuyi county and Changsha. Plate dilution method was used to culture and isolate the micros in samples. The isolated strains were observed through photon microscope and identified by referring the Flora Fungorum Sinicorum. Results Two types of Eurotium cristatum was isolated in samples that produced in Wuyi in four seasons, and five strains of Eurotium cristatum together with a strain of Eurotium amstelodami and Eurotium costiforme were isolated in samples that produced in Changsha in three seasons. There was no difference of the types of Eurotium cristatum among samples that produced in different seasons in Wuyi county, while significant differences of the Eurotium cristatum s types between samples that produced in summer in Changsha and in the other two seasons were noticed. Main types of the Eurotium cristatum were the same in all samples. Conclusion Regional and seasonal variations of the types of Eurotium cristatum during fungi growing process exist. 基金项目 : (2008FJ1005) (14A066) Fund: Supported by the Grand Science and Technology Special Project of Hunan Province (2008FJ1005) and the Key Project of Hunan Provincial Education Bureau (14A066) * 通讯作者 :,, @qq.com *Corresponding author: ZHU Qi, Professor, Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture University, No.1, Nongda Road, Furong District, Changsha , China @qq.com

2 KEY WORDS: Fuzhuan brick tea; fungi growing; Eurotium cristatum; Jinhua Fungi 1 引言 [1],,, [2], [3], [4] 15, 7, [5] 5,, [4-13],, 2 材料与方法 2.1 材料试剂与设备 :, NaNO 3 K 2 HPO 4 KCl MgSO 4 7H 2 O FeSO 4 7H 2 O, Motic B1 (Motic B SERIES, Motic ); (SW-CJ-2D, ); (SPX, ); (TXQ.DY-220, ); (MettlerAE240, ); (NSKY-200B, ); ( ) 2.2 实验方法培养基的配制 (1) PDA ()200.0 g, ( )20.0 g, 1000 ml, 15 g, min, (2) NaNO g, K 2 HPO g, KCl 0.5 g, MgSO 4 7H 2 O 0.5 g, FeSO4 7H 2 O 0.01 g, 30 g, 15 g, 1000 ml, min 菌种分离计数与纯化 :, 25 g, 225 ml 500 ml, 25 min, 10-3 ~ ml PDA,, 30min, 27 3~5 d : 1 ml,, : PDA,,, 菌种鉴定 (1), 25 7 d, d 7, (2), 3 结果与分析 3.1 茯砖茶发花微生物冠突散囊菌的分离与初步鉴定, 5 ( G1~G5 ), 2 (G6 G7), (, 50) 1~ 7

3 第4期阮林浩, 等: 茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌的变化及差异性初报图1 菌株 G1 冠突散囊菌 Fig. 1 Photos of the G1 strain Eurotium cristatum Fig. 2 Photos of the G2 strain Eurotium cristatum Fig. 3 Photos of the G3 strain Eurotium cristatum 图2 图3 图4 Fig. 4 菌株 G2 冠突散囊菌菌株 G3 冠突散囊菌菌株 G4 冠突散囊菌 Photos of the G4 strain Eurotium cristatum 1273

6 Photos of the G6 strain Eurotium amstelodami 图 7 菌株 G7 肋状散囊菌 Fig.

为冠突散囊菌其中菌株 G1 的菌落形态及光镜下结表 1 所示 [6] 构形态与胡治远等鉴定并初步命名为蔓延冠突散囊菌的菌株高度相似, 可以判定两者为同一菌株; 菌株 G3

4 食品安全质量检测学报 1274 第6卷图 5 菌株 G5 冠突散囊菌 Fig. 5 Photos of the G5 strain Eurotium cristatum 图 6 菌株 G6 阿姆斯特丹散囊菌 Fig. 6 Photos of the G6 strain Eurotium amstelodami 图 7 菌株 G7 肋状散囊菌 Fig. 7 Photos of the G7 strain Eurotium costiforme 各菌株于察氏琼脂平板培养 14d 后菌落特征如对照中国真菌志, 可初步鉴定菌株 G1~G5 为冠突散囊菌其中菌株 G1 的菌落形态及光镜下结表 1 所示 [6] 构形态与胡治远等鉴定并初步命名为蔓延冠突散囊菌的菌株高度相似, 可以判定两者为同一菌株; 菌株 G3 为冠突散囊菌标准菌株菌株 G6 G7 为散囊菌属, 对照中国真菌志 [13] 可知, 菌株 G6 为阿姆斯特丹散囊菌, G7 为肋状散囊菌 3.2 发花过程中冠突散囊菌数量的变化由表 2 表 3 可知, 两地在茯砖茶发花过程中, 不论季节, 冠突散囊菌的生长都呈明显的上升趋势在发花前 3 d 表面与内部菌数变化相差不大, 菌数增加幅度较小; 从发花第 6 d 开始, 砖坯表面与内部的菌数有显著增加, 且砖坯内部的菌数明显高于砖坯表

5 4, : 1275 ;,, 3.3 发花过程中冠突散囊菌类型的变化 4,, G1 G2, G1 G2, G2 6 d, G1, 5,, 7, G1 G2 G6 G7, G1 G2 3 d, G6 G7 6~9 d, ; G1 G2 G3 G4 G5, G1 G2 3 d, G3 G4 G5 3~9 d 表 1 各菌株查氏琼脂平板菌落特征 (14 d) Table 1 The main characters of strains in czapek s solution(14 d) (mm) G1 25~30,,,, G2 25~30, G3 14~18,, G4 22~28,, G5 17~23,, G6 10~14, G7 17~24,,, Table 2 表 2 武义四季发花过程中冠突散囊菌总数变化 ( 单位 : 10 4 菌数 /g 干茶 ) The variation of the amount of Eurotium cristatum during Fungi growing in four seasons in Wuyi 1 d d d d d

6 Table 3 表 3 长沙三季发花过程中冠突散囊菌总数变化 ( 单位 : 10 4 菌数 /g 干茶 ) The variation of the amount of Eurotium cristatum during Fungi growing in three seasons in Changsha 1 d d d d d Table 4 表 4 武义四季茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌类型变化 The Variation of types of Eurotium cristatum during Fungi growing in four seasons in Wuyi 1 d d G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 G1 6 d G1 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 9 d G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 12 d G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 : - Table 5 表 5 长沙三季茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌类型变化 The Variation of types of Eurotium cristatum during Fungi growing in three seasons in Changsha 1 d d G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G3 G1 G2 G3 G1 G2 G6 G1 G2 G6 6 d G1 G2 G6 G1 G2 G6 G1 G2 G3 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G6 G7 G1 G2 G6 G7 9 d G1 G2 G6 G7 G1 G2 G6 G7 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G6 G7 G1 G2 G6 G7 12 d G1 G2 G6 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 G1 G2 : -

7 4, : 1277,, G1 G2, ;,, 4 讨论 4.1 茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌的鉴定,,, [14], [15] 5 1 1, G1 G3 G6 G7 G2 G4 G5, [16],, 4.2 茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌数量变化, 3 d 3 d,,, 6 d,, 9 d,,,,,,,,, 4.3 茯砖茶发花过程中冠突散囊菌类型的变化 G1 G2,, G1 G2,,,, G3 G4 G5 G6 G7,,, 参考文献 [1]. [M]. :, 2007: Wan XC. Tea biochemistry [M]. Beijing: Chinese Agricultural Press, 2007: [2],,,. [J]. 2014, 33(3): Li S, Gong X, Liu ZH, et al. The qualitative component conversion in dark tea after colonization of Eurotium cristatum strains [J]. Mycosystema, 2014, 33(3): [3]. [D]. :, Chen YL. Jinhua fungus : its taxonomic position and its influence on quality of Fuzhuan brick tea [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, [4],,,. [J]., 2011, 23(12): Hu ZY, Zhao YL, Liu SC, et al. Isolation and identification of dominant microorganisms from different kinds of Fuzhuan brick tea[j]. Acta Agric Jiangxi, 2011, 23(12): [5],,,. ITS [J].,2014,30(24): Wang WT, Zhao YL, Yang HJ, et al. Study on polymorphisms of Eurotium cristatum by cristatum by morphology and ITS sequence [J]. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2014, 30(24): [6],,,. [J]., 2012, 38(2): Hu ZY, Zhao YL, Liu SQ, et al. A study on diversity of the Eurotium cristatum in Fuzhuan brick tea [J]. J Tea, 2012, 38(2): [7],. [J]., 1990, 9(3): Qi ZT, Sun ZM. Identification of dominant fungi in Fuzhuan brick tea [J]. Acta Mycol Sinica, 1990, 9(3): [8],,,. [J]., 2010, 37(2): Huang HS, Zheng HF, Su BW, et al. Research on the metabolites

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130 36 4 260 1. 1 1926 5 1 1935 6 1940 106 13 17 20 20 635 6 3 7 400 10 80 8 1 1 1 1929 1937 1933 1928 1941 1940 1934 1938 ~ 1944 1945 ~ 1946 1929 193

130 36 4 260 1. 1 1926 5 1 1935 6 1940 106 13 17 20 20 635 6 3 7 400 10 80 8 1 1 1 1929 1937 1933 1928 1941 1940 1934 1938 ~ 1944 1945 ~ 1946 1929 193 36 2 2015 129 ~ 141 The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology Vol. 36 No. 2 2015 530006 210095 - - N092 S-092 A 1673-1441 2015 02-0129-13 1 2 1 1932 1937 3 17 2015-02-13 2015-03-13