International Civil Aviation Organization DGP/23-WP/14 5/8/11 WORKING PAPER DANGEROUS GOODS PANEL (DGP) TWENTY-THIRD MEETING Montréal, 111 to 21 October 2011 Agenda Item 2: Development of recommendations for amendments to the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc 9284) for incorporation in the 2013-2014 Edition REQUIREMENTS FOR LIMITED QUANTITIES OF ENVIRONMENTALLY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES (Presented by the Dangerous Goods Advisory Council) 摘要本工工作文件的建议将澄清数量量有限的危害害环境的物质质不受技术细则的限制 危险险物品专家组对对行动 : 请危危险物品专家组组同意附录中中提出的建议 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Based on a proposal by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) at the DGP-WG/08 meeting in The Hague in November 2008 (see DGP/22-WP/2, paragraph 3.2.11), it was agreed that environmentally hazardous substances (EHS) should be regulated. Up until the current edition of the Technical Instructions, shippers were permitted but not required to declaree EHS as regulated when transported by air. 1.2 It should be recalled that IATA s proposal recognized that while such materials did not pose a risk in air transport, they were transported to airports. IATA reasoned that for the period when these substances were in transport to the airport they should communicate the environmental hazard so that proper steps could be taken in the event of an emergency. 1.3 Packages of environmentally hazardous substances that exceed the limited quantity threshold values (i.e. more than 5 kg or 5 L per inner packaging or more than 30 kg per outer packaging) are fully regulated as dangerous goods by all modes, and the hazard communicationn requirements and packagingg requirements are essentially the same for both surface and air transport. However, for limited (8 页 ) C1102648
DGP/23-WP/14-2 - quantities of environmentally hazardous substances, the requirements for air transport are now substantially more severe than when transported by surface (road, rail and sea). Requirements that apply to limited quantities of EHS transported by air that exceed the requirements that apply in the case of surface transport to the airport include: a) the package must bear the Class 9 hazard label whereas no label is required for surface transport; b) the package must be marked with the UN number and proper shipping name whereas these markings are not required for surface transport; c) the package must bear the limited quantity mark with a Y whereas only an empty limited quantity mark is required for surface transport; d) the package must be capable of withstanding a 1.2 meter drop test and must be capable of withstanding a 3 meter stack test whereas strong outer packaging is required for surface transport; e) the package is subject to general packing requirements described in the applicable Y packing instructions (Y956 and Y964), including closure requirements not applicable in the case of surface transport; and f) the package must be accompanied by a dangerous goods transport document whereas no transport document is required for surface transport. In addition, air carriers are now required to identify these limited quantities of EHS on the Notification to Captain (NOTOC) and they are subjected to acceptance checks. 1.4 Considering the basis for the IATA proposal was to align the Technical Instructions requirements with those for ground transport to the airport, raises the question of whether the above listed requirements for transporting limited quantities of EHS by air are necessary. In addition, whether EHS in limited quantities actually pose a risk to the environment in air transport is questionable. 1.5 Regulating limited quantities of EHS was not a trivial change. Application of the UN EHS criteria has meant that many more substances are now regulated as dangerous goods. Packages in the EHS limited quantity size range (i.e. up to 5 L or 5 kg per inner packaging) are of a size most commonly transported by air. The additional requirements applied to limited quantities of EHS transported by air come at a substantial cost and one has to ask whether they are justified considering the original intent was to simply harmonize with ground transportation regulations. Is air transport safety enhanced by regulating this large number of packages that really pose no threat onboard an aircraft? Doesn t regulation of limited quantities of EHS detract from air carrier attention to substances that pose an actual danger in air transport and consequently detract from overall air transport safety? 1.6 Further, even though the Y limited quantity mark is intended to reduce confusion, the presence of labels and UN number and proper shipping name markings on limited quantities of EHS are confusing when transported by surface modes. Regulating limited quantities of EHS by air causes even more problems in countries such as the United States where limited quantities of EHS are not subject to regulation when transported by road or rail. 1.7 It is DGAC s opinion that limited quantities of EHS (i.e. those classified as UN 3077 or UN 3082 in inner packagings of 5 L/kg in packages where the gross mass is less than 30kg) should not be
- 3 - DGP/23-WP/14 subject to the Technical Instructions. Where such packages are required to be marked with the limited quantity diamond for surface transport (see paragraph 3.4.7 of the UN Model Regulations), we propose that the package be marked with the UN number (i.e. UN 3077 or UN 3082) in association with the limited quantity mark to avoid confusion.
DGP/23-WP/14 附录 附录 对 技术细则 拟议的修订 建议 1: 按下列所示在危险物品表 UN3082 和 UN3077 项第 7 栏增加引述新的特殊规定 AXXX, 并删除 Y964 和 Y956 及第 11 栏 30 公斤 G : 第 3 部分 危险物品表, 特殊规定和限制数量与例外数量 第 2 章 危险物品表 ( 表 3-1) 的编排 客机 货机 UN 包装件最包装件最包装包装 UN 类别或次要危国家差异特殊包装说明名称编号项别险性标签条款规定等级例外数量大净量说明大净量 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 3082 9 Miscellaneous III E1 964 450L 964 450 L 杂项危险物品 Y964 30 kg G Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s.* 危害环境的液态物质, 未另作规定的 * CA 13 DE 5 US 4 A97 A158 AXXX 每个 每个 Environmentally hazardous substances, solid, n.o.s.* 危害环境的固态物质, 未另作规定的 * 3077 9 Miscellaneous 杂项危险物品 CA 13 DE 5 US 4 A97 A158 A179 AXXX III E1 956 Y956 400 kg 30 kg G 956 400 kg
DGP/23-WP/14 附录 A-2 建议 2: 第 3 部分 3, 表 3-2 增加下述特殊规定 : 第 3 章特殊规定 表 3-2 特殊规定 本细则 UN Axxx 因其符合 2;9.2.1 a) 危害环境物质标准而被分类为危险品的物质, 如其内包装不超过 5 公斤 ( 固体 ) 或 5 升 ( 液体 ) 或外包装总质量不超过 30 公斤时, 不受本细则限制 当此类包装件为地面运输之目的贴有限制数量标志时, 必须在包装件地面运输所要求的限制数量标志附近标明联合国编号 3077 或 3082 建议 3: 3;4.1.2 第 9 类 一行删除 UN 3077 和 UN 3082: 第 4 章 限制数量的危险物品 4.1 适用范围 4.1.2 只有那些允许客机运输并符合以下类 项和包装等级 ( 如果适用 ) 标准的危险物品, 才可按照限制数量危险物品的规定运输 : 第 2 类仅限 2.1 项和 2.2 项下的 UN 1950, 和 2.1 项和 2.2 项下无次要危险性的 UN 2037 第 9 类仅限 UN 1941, UN 1990, UN 2071, UN 3077, UN 3082, UN 3316, UN 3334 和 UN 3335
A-3 DGP/23-WP/14 附录 建议 4: 4;11 包装说明 Y956 的标题中删除联合国 3077, 包装表中删除 UN3077 项 包装说明 Y964 的标题中删除联合国 3082, 包装表中删除 UN3082 项 第 4 部分 包装说明 包装说明 Y956 限制数量仅限于 UN 3077 和 UN 3335 的客机和货机运输 组合包装 联合国编号和运输专用名称 包装等级 内包装 ( 见 6;3.2) ( 每个容器 ) 内包装数量 每个包装件总量 每个包装件的总毛重 单一包装 UN 3077 UN 3335 Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. 危害环境的固态物质, 未另作规定的 Aviation regulated solid, n.o.s.* 空运受管制固体, 未另作规定的 * III 玻璃塑料金属纸袋塑料袋纤维 30 kg 30 kg 否
DGP/23-WP/14 附录 A-4 包装说明 Y964 限制数量仅限于 UN 1941,UN 1990,UN 3082 和 UN 3334 的客机和货机运输 组合包装 联合国编号和运输专用名称 内包装 ( 见 6;3.2) ( 每个容器 ) 内包装数量 每个包装件总量 每个包装件总毛重 单一包装 UN 1941 Dibromodifluoromethane 丙酸丁酯 UN 1990 Benzaldehyde 苯甲醛 UN 3082 Environmentally hazardous substance, liquid, n.o.s. 危害环境的液态物质, 未另 作规定的 玻璃 塑料 5.0 L 5.0 L 30 kg 30 kg 否 UN 3334 Aviation regulated liquid, n.o.s.* 空运受管制液体, 未另作规定的 * 金属 5.0 L 完