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清洁煤技术 ( 包括碳捕集和封存 ) 联盟 Advanced Coal Technology Consortium 中美清洁能源研究中心清洁煤技术联盟 China-US Clean Energy Research Center Advanced Coal Technology Consortia 郑楚光 Zheng Chuguang 华中科技大学 Huazhong University of Science and Technology James Wood 西弗吉尼亚大学 West Virginia University 2016-07-01

目录 Content 背景与意义 Background 一期成果与亮点 Phase I Achievements 二期任务与展望 Phase II Highlights 感受与体会 Future Directions

中美碳排放现状 US-China CO 2 emission Primary Energy Consumption (2014) IEA report 2014 China 2972.1 Mtoe 23.0% of Total USA 2298.7 Mtoe 17.8% of Total EU 3.5 billion tons USA 5.2 billion tons China 10 billion tons CO 2 emission in 2013 两国肩负有巨大的减排责任 India 2.4 billion tons Other Counties 15 billion tons * 中美能源消耗和碳排放量均占全球总量的 40% 以上 * The sum of the energy consumption or CO 2 emission of China and US are over 40% respectively of the global amount.

碳捕集利用与封存 (CCUS) CCUS 被认为是唯一能够大幅度减少化石能源 ( 特别是煤炭 )CO 2 排放的终极技术, 联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会 (IPCC) 称, 如果不采用 CCUS 技术, 将很难完成减排任务中国能源革命路线图 : 预期 2050 年, 全流程的 CCUS 系统在电力煤炭化工矿物加工等系统实现覆盖性常规性应用 CCS is the only technology that can significantly reduce CO2 emissions from the use of fossil fuels. Delaying or abandoning CCS in the sector would increase the investment required by 40% or more in the 2DS (IEA, 2015). China s Energy Revolution Roadmap indicates that CCUS will be widely used in all fossil based sectors by 2050. 未来十年将是决定全球 CCUS 技术的关键时期 The next decade will be a critical period to determine the success of CCUS. 正由单项技术的突破向新型绿色能源系统和产业化转变战略性新兴产业

目录 Content 背景意义 Background 一期成果与亮点 Phase I Achievements 二期项目及成果展望 Phase II Highlights 感受与体会 Future Directions

任务与课题 Projects and Tasks Task 8 系统集成模拟和评价 System integration, simulation and evaluation Task 9 国际交流 International Exchange Task 1 清洁发电 Clean power Task 2 清洁转化 Clean conversion Task 3 燃前捕捉 Pre-Combustion Capture P6: 热解气化多联产 Combined pysolysis, gasification, and combustion multi-gen P1: 近零排放电站 (IGCC) Near-zero emissions power generation (IGCC) 合作中的知识产权保护 IP protection and Management Task 4 燃后捕捉 Post-Combustion Capture P2: 燃烧后捕集利用和封存 Large-scale post-combustion capture, use, & storage Task 5 富氧燃烧 Oxyfuel Combustion P5: 富氧燃烧研发和示范 Theory & equipment development for oxy-fuel combustion Task 6 CO 2 封存 CO2 sequestration P3: 地质封存模拟及方案 Sequestration theory & storage simulation Task 7 CO 2 利用 CO2 utilization P4: 微藻固碳技术 Micro-algae bio-sequestration of CO2 from flue gas 涵盖了 CCUS 的全部内容 ( 专门列入了 IP 课题 ) 取得了一些具有影响的成果, 如 :

知识产权保护 Intellectual Property TMP was originally produced by ACTC. The final TMP document of ACTC was taken as the common file for the three consortia in CERC. TMP 由 ACTC 首先签署, 其合同文本后来被纳入为 CERC 的共同文本

燃前捕集 Pre-Combustion Capture Highlights 华能与杜克 LLNL 的 IGCC 合作 /CHNG and Duke, LLNL on IGCC 在 IGCC 项目启动及运行阶段分享经验 Share IGCC operational knowledge gained from starting up and operation 进行基于 IGCC 的 CO 2 捕集利用与封存技术研发和示范, 建立测试平台 Study and demonstrate the technologies of CO 2 capture, use and storage based on IGCC system and set up the test platform. 探寻双方 IGCC+CCS 能源战略及利益的交汇点, 实现互利共赢 Explore the intersection of the energy strategy and interest of IGCC + CCS technology of the two countries, achieve mutual benefit and win-win situation. Edwardsport IGCC 合作内容天津 IGCC 整体工艺情况可用性环境措施成本情况 Process descripti on and issues Availabli tity Environ mental Perform ance cost 代表先进发展方向的整体煤气化联合循环 (IGCC) 具有 : 高效清洁, 减排潜力

燃前捕集 Pre-Combustion Capture Highlights 中国第一个 250MW IGCC 电站开始商业运行 China s first 250MW IGCC power plant began commercial operation 跨入了世界仅有几台的大型商业规模的先进行业

燃后捕集 Post-Combustion Capture Highlights 上海石洞口 SC2400MW 电厂的 600MW 单元机组上安装的燃烧后捕集系统 ( 华能集团 ) Post-combustion facility integrated to 600MW unit in Huaneng s Shidongkou 2400MW SC power plant. 是当时世界上容量最大的燃后捕集装置印第安纳州吉布森 SC3100 MW 电厂拟建立 600MW 的 3 号机组燃烧后捕集系统 ( 杜克能源 ) Duke Energy planned to utilize unit 3 at its Gibson Station SC facility for this PCC project.

富氧燃烧 Oxyfuel Combustion Highlights HUST 和 B&W 的数据共享 Data Share between HUST and B&W True collaboration via open information exchange 通过公开信息共享达到真正的合作 Early creation of data exchange mechanism 早期建立的数据交换机制 MOU between HUST and B&W signed in June 2012 华中与巴威在 2012 年六月就签署了谅解备忘录 Monthly teleconference and regular visits 每月的电话会议和常规性的互访 Cooperation extends to outside CERC 合作延伸到中心之外数据共享 Data Sharing 3 MW FCS 1.8MW SBS 基础反应数据库 Coal Reaction Kinetics Database 中试台架数据及 CFD 模型 Pilot Facilities and CFD 中试试验动态及仿真 Pilot Facilities Dynamics and Process Model 大型示范经验共享 Knowledge Sharing on Large Demo 3 篇合作论文 1 篇 B&W 技术报告 3 Joint Research Paper 1 B&W Technical Report 富氧 ;3-1.8MW 平台上基础反应数据库数据模拟仿真大型示范经验的共享

富氧燃烧 Oxyfuel Combustion 3MW 富氧燃烧全流程 (3MW FCS) 3MW Oxy Demonstration Stage I: air combustion commission (2012.1~2012.2) Burner work well Heat transfer as design PA, SA > 250C Stage II: oxy-combustion commission (2012.3~2012.10) Switch from air to oxy-fuel Oxygen injection safe at 300C CO 2 ~80%dry,vol Burner work well Stage III: benchmark of air combustion (2012.11) Burnout ratio > 95% Get the detailed data of air combustion Stage IV: benchmark of oxy-combustion (2012.12-2013.6) Long-time and stable operation Obtain the characteristic and control method of heat transfer and emission 全链条系统 ; 结果理想

封存与驱油 Storage & EOR Highlights 场地适宜性评价和优先级确定 Site suitability and priority evaluations screening methodology. by the site 神华与 LLNL WVU 的 CO 2 封存合作 Collaboration Between Shenhua and WVU, LLNL on CO 2 storage Ordos Basin, China 鄂尔多斯 Rock Springs Uplift, USA 报告结构 Report 候选场址初步评价整体工艺工程咨询 Candidate Sites Preliminary evaluation Conceptional design Engineering Consult

咸水层封存 CO 2 storage 煤层 T 0 差图 ( 单位 :ms ) Highlights VSP 井注气井 200m 华实现了低渗透多储层同时注入, 发挥各层的封存能力, 具有很强的技术特色 ; 际注入量超过 30 万吨,CO 2 运移 350m, 且均匀扩散 ; henhua achieved CO2 injection into multiple permeability layers and exert the storage capacity f each layers; actual injection reached 300k tons, CO2 plume transports uniformly about 350m.

采油 EOR EOR CO 2 -EOR 先导试验区 : 开展 2 口井 CO2 注入试验 CO2-EOR pilot test region: Conduct CO2 injection test in 2 wells ( 延长石油和怀俄明大学,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum and UWy) Surface infrastructure 2 口井 CO2 注入试验延长石油 CO2 驱油先导试验 Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum CO2-EOR test

CO 2 生物能源利用 CO 2 Utilization with Microalgae Highlights 利用包括基因工程在内的先进技术, 筛选培育生长速度快 ( 比大多数藻类生长快 15%) 对土地要求低含油量高 ( 是大豆的 90 倍 ) 吸碳能力强 ( 约为林木的 5-8 倍 ) 的微藻, 它既能吸附捕集电厂排放的 CO 2, 同时又能获得高品位的生物质能源 Microalgae carbon-biofixation is a typical technology in exploring the utilization of CO2. In Task 7, the algae were screened and modified by some advanced methods such as genetic engineering. Then the high performance algae strains were obtained, with a high growth rate, high carbon mitigation capacity, high oil productivity, and better match with flue gas. This is a promising R&D field attracting both countriesattention. 杜克能源微藻项目现场 Duke Energy s Microalgae Project at East Bend Power Plant 新奥集团的开塘种植微藻示范基地, 中国廊坊 Growth System Optimization in China

发电与转化 Generation& Conversion 提高效率超 700 超超临界锅炉特性研究 Research on issue related to super 700 USC boiler 煤热解气化分级转化多联产技术 Staged Coal conversion poly-generation system 煤中矿物质在燃烧过程中的迁移转化机制 Migration and transformation mechanisms of mineral during coal combustion process. 在 1MWth 试验装置上验证煤炭热解燃烧分级转化技术的可行性, 具备工业示范能力 Coal conversion poly-generation technology combined pyrolysis, gasification and combustion is verified on 1MWt pilot plant and may be demonstrated in industry. 结渣积灰行为对受热面热阻特性的影响 Effect of slagging and fouling behavior on heating surface thermal resistance characteristic. 热解煤气燃烧火炬 Torch of pyrolysis gas 1MWt 煤热解燃烧分级转化试验装置 1MWt coal stage conversion pilot plant

一期工作的总体描述 General Achievements of Phase I 五年来, 通过中美两国科技人员富有成效的工作和紧密的交流合作, 不仅取得了令人瞩目的研发成果, 而且在 CCUS 领域的诸多方向上, 引领和促进了该技术的发展, 展示了良好的应用前景, 为实现碳减排和应对气候变化, 做出了我们的贡献也为进一步的深化合作奠定了坚实的基础 In the past 5 years, through the effective work and close collaboration of the scientists in ACTC from the two countries, achievements have been obtained. ACTC leads the way in various areas of CCUS and promotes the development of this technology which shows bright future of application. ACTC has made great contributions to realizing carbon emission reduction and corresponding to climate change. CCUS 涵盖了众多的学科领域, 涉及诸多的行业部门, 因此 ACTC 的参加单位和人员都是很多的, 工作量也是巨大的

目录 Content 背景意义 Background 一期成果与亮点 Phase I Achievements 二期项目及成果展望 Phase II Highlights 感受与体会 Future Directions

二期合作计划 Collaboration Plan for Phase II

设置 5 个任务 / 5 Themes Determined 与美方交流后, 下一阶段拟设置 5 个任务 : 1) 先进发电技术 ; 2) 大型示范项目合作与知识共享 ; 3)CO 2 利用与埋存 ; 4) 清洁转换 ; 5) 系统分析与建模 ACTC proposals are grouped into five categories: 1) Advanced power generation; 2) Collaboration and knowledge sharing on large scale demonstration projects; 3) CO 2 Utilization and storage; 4) Advanced coal conversion; 5) System analysis and Modeling.

亮点 - 路线图 Highlights & Roadmap 埋存与驱油 Storage & EOR 1 燃前捕集 30MW 30 MW Pre-Comb. 2 3 300MW 分级转化 300MW poly-gen. demo plant 7 先进发电 4 6 富氧燃烧 Oxy-Comb. 5 USC 挂件试验 USC Test 微藻规模化养殖 Large Scale Algae cultivation

延长油田 EOR 示范工程 Yanchang CO 2 -EOR Demo 延长油田与 Wyoming 大学达成合作协议, 共同开发针对鄂尔多斯盆地内适宜低渗高非均质性油藏的 CO 2 - EOR 技术 ; Yanchang Co. agreed with Wyoming Uni. in CO 2 - EOR project in Ordos. 地质勘探注入模型 Geo. survey, injection model 怀俄明 Wyoming 合作内容 Collaboration ACTC 怀俄明大学与中方多家机构共同研发低渗非均质的 CO 2 - EOR 技术, 提高石油采收率 Wyoming Uni. Collaborates with China in CO2-EOR. 规划中的延长 CO 2 -EOR 工程 CO 2 -EOR in Yanchang Co. 延长 Yanchang

CO 2 提高石油采收率 CO 2 Enhanced Oil Recovery (CO 2 -EOR) Injection well index: 60 Pipeline index:200-300km Capture index 80,000-400,000 tons Reservoir study Reservoir screening Geological model Reservoir simulation Site construction Increase injection well groups (60) Injection station construction Pipeline construction(200-300km) Storage device Construction (80-400kt) Device construction Capture process innovation Reservoir study Construction of injection station and pipeline Construction of storage device 2010 CERC1.0 2015 2020 CERC2.0

华能 IGCC+CO 2 捕集 IGCC+CO 2 Capture in Huaneng 华能在绿煤 I 期 IGCC 投运的基础上开展 II 期 30MW 燃烧前 CO 2 捕集项目 Based on the operation of IGCC, Huaneng is starting a 30 MW precombustion CO 2 capture project for syngas cleanup. 30MW th pre-combustion CO 2 capture system layout CO2 Capture Site

300MW 分级转化 300MW Conversion -Experiments on the key conversion processes -New synthesis processes for pyrolysis gas -Environmental technologies -Simulation on poly-generation system -Design Theory and methods -Operating the demonstration plant with a capacity between 100MW and 300MW. 1MWt Pilot Plant 12MWe Industrial Plant 1MWt Coal Stage Conversion Pilot Plant 12MWe industrial Scale Plant 100MW~300MW Demonstration Plant 2010 CERC1.0 2015 2020 CERC2.0 Small pilot large pilot FEED Large demo. LP AMINA

亮点 - 路线图 Highlights & Roadmap 埋存与驱油 Storage & EOR 1 燃前捕集 30MW 30 MW Pre-Comb. 2 3 300MW 分级转化 300MW poly-gen. demo plant 7 先进发电 Adv. Power Gen. 4 6 富氧燃烧 Oxy-Comb. 5 USC 挂件试验 USC Test 微藻规模化养殖 Large Scale Algae cultivation

加压富氧燃烧 Pressurized Oxy-PC 1MWt SOC Pilot 台架 Staged Oxy-PC 10MWt POC demo 富氧燃烧示范 Detail process modeling(wustl) 详细流程建模 CFD simulation (WVU) CFD 模拟 System Improvement (WVU, Wustl) 系统改进 100kWt POC small Pilot 小型中试 Burner/boiler design (Wustl) 燃烧器 / 锅炉设计 Kinetics study (HUST) 动力学研究 Ash deposition study (THU) 火山灰沉积研究 Sub-model development (WVU, Wustl) 子模型开发 Experiments and CFD validation 实验和验证 Scale-up to 250kWt (Wustl) 规模达 250kWt 100kWt Pressurized Oxy- PC 10MWe Pressurized Oxy- PC 2010 CERC1.0 2015 2020 CERC2.0 清洁煤技术联盟 CERC-ACTC

化学链燃烧 Chemical Looping Combustion 3MWt 自热维持化学链燃烧示范 Autothermal CLC demo. Iron-based, calcium-based oxygen carrier R&D (Uky&HUST) 3D Interconnected fluidized bed CFD simulation (WVU) Solid particle cycle management (NETL, Alstom) 50kWt coal CLC small pilot Low cost oxygen carrier particle screening and reactivity upgrade (HUST); Redox reaction kinetics study (HUST&WVU) Material handling and management inside reactors (WVU); Oxygen carrier and its reactor compatibility study (UKy); Verification of 50kWth small pilot and demo. (HUST); 3MWt Autothermal CLC Facility 50kWt CLC Facility CLC concept verification and feasibility study 50kWt Coal CLC HUST and Alstom 3MWt Autothermal CLC 2010 CERC1.0 2015 2020 CERC2.0 清洁煤技术联盟 CERC-ACTC

催化剂剂量对 CO2 解吸的影响 Effect of catalyst dosage on CO 2 desorption Desorption conditions: Solution volume: 0.25 L, Flow rate of inlet gas mixture (N 2 and CO 2 ): 500 ml/min, Desorption temperature: 88 o C; Absorption conditions: Solution volume: 0.25 L,CO 2 flow rate: 1,200 ml/min; Absorption temperature: 25 o C]. 当其他条件恒定时增加催化剂剂量可进一步增加 CO 2 解吸动力当剂量达到 7 g 时, 催化剂的影响就不明显了 With other conditions being constants Increase in dosage of catalyst leads to the increase in the further improvement in CO 2 desorption kinetics The effect of catalyst becomes insignificant when it dosage reaches 7 g

USC 材料测试 USC MATERIAL TESTING Boiler type 锅炉类型 : two pass boiler Steam capacity 蒸汽容量 : 1000 t/h Production capacity 生产能力 : 320 MWe Burner type 锅炉类型 : wall fired System Fuel 燃料 : bituminous coal SH steam temperature 蒸汽温度 : 540 C SH steam pressure 蒸汽压力 : 25 MPa Superheat section 过热部分 Pipe and valves 管道和阀门 Host site : Huaneng Nanjing thermal power plant, unit 2 华能集团南京热电厂,2 号机组 34

用于改进电厂循环的控制策略实施 Implementation of Control Strategies for Improved Power Plant Cycling 研发先进模型预测控制 (MPC) 算法线性 MPC: 动态矩阵控制 (DMC) 两个非线性 MPC: 所提 NLMPC 及文献 MPC (L-MPC) 作为检验标准根据要求, 对带碳捕集的 IGCC 电厂用于发电控制实施策略目前重点是将开发的方法延伸到带碳捕集和不带碳捕集的超临界煤粉 (SCPC) 电厂 Developed advanced model predictive control (MPC) algorithms Linear MPC: dynamic matrix control (DMC) Two nonlinear MPC: proposed NLMPC and literature MPC (L-MPC) as benchmark Implemented strategies for integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plant with carbon capture for power generation control according to the demand Current focus is on extending developed methods to address cycling of supercritical pulverized coal (SCPC) plants with and without carbon capture IGCC 电厂发电选点踪迹超临界煤粉 (SCPC) 电厂示意图

微藻碳捕集与生物固碳 CO 2 Sequestration and Fixation with Microalgae 1000 平方米小型中试 1000m 2 small Pilot Achieve long term stable operation Obtain a CO 2 fixation rate at 30g/m 2 /d Improve biomass yield by 30% compared to SERC 1.0 Separation and purification for product such as EPA Develop contamination control approaches 微藻实验室与小规模室外实验 Lab and small scale outdoor experiments 200 平方米微藻养殖 2010 200m 2 algae cultivation CERC1.0 1000 平方米微藻养殖 1000m 2 algae cultivation 3 英亩微藻养殖中试实验 3 acre pilot algae cultivation 2015 2020 CERC2.0 3 英亩微藻养殖中试示范 3 acre large pilot demonstration Set up a 3-acre cultivation facility Biomass productivity 18 g/m 2 /d Conduct Techno-economic and lifecycle analyses of CO 2 capture and recycling Develop multiple high-value algal products 基础研究 Basic research 室外试验 Outdoor testing 小型中试 Small pilot 大型中试 large pilot

富氧燃烧工业及大型示范 Oxy Demonstration 华中科技大学等在应城建设 35MW 富氧燃烧工业示范装置, 并对神木 200MWe 富氧燃烧大型示范开展预可行性研究 ; HUST leads the 35MW oxy demo project in Yingcheng and the 200MWe oxy plant pre-feasibility study in Shenmu. 采用化学链制氧与富氧燃烧耦合, 使富氧燃烧的发电成本降低 35%; Combine CL oxygen production with Oxy-combustion to reduce the generation cost by 35%.

目录 Content 背景意义 Background 一期成果与亮点 Phase I Achievements 二期项目及成果展望 Phase II Highlights 感受与体会 Future Directions

大型示范及经验共享 - 促进第一代技术的商业化 Knowledge Sharing on Large-scale Demo is Critical Alstom 15MW Oxy Huaneng 200MWe IGCC HUST 35MW Oxy Knowledge - Sharing Kemper 582MWe IGCC-CCS Scale-up Huaneng Shidongkou Postcombustion Cost- Reduction Model Validation Shenghua 200MWe 富氧 Operation Test Duke Gibbson 电厂 Yanchang EOR

二期合作研究目标在一期的基础上, 再经过五年的合作努力, 使现有 CCUS 技术完善和成熟, 特别是为规模化放大和商业化应用开拓新的局面 ; 并为新一代 CCUS 技术的发展和推进展现出新的亮点