92. 5 : 92-115 2014 Ann. Rept. Food Drug Res. 5 : 92-115 2014 102 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 102 ( ) 252 102 2,3402,080 88.9% 1,718 87.9% 360 93.1% 262 89.7% 260 22 222 16 65 102 12 31 1021351332 2-phenylphenol 60 243 34921 3,587 (1) 76 85 69
102 93 101 (2) 215 102 252 ( ) 252 101 (2) 102 102 1 12 ( ) 7 (14 ) (3-4) 252 ( ) ㈠ ( ) (3) (liquid chromatograph / tandem mass spectrometer, LC/MS/MS) 170 (gas chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometer, GC/MS/MS) 81 ㈡ ㈡ (4) (gas chromatograph, GC) (headspace sampler) CS 2 ( ) 2,340 1,718360262 ( ) (1) 102 2,340 2,080 ( 88.9%) 260 ( 11.1%) 1,718 1,510 ( 87.9%) 360 335 ( 93.1%) 262 235 ( 89.7%) 34.8% 16.1% 13.0% 21.1% 12.3% 24.0 ( ) 101 (2,5-7)
94 --(1) (ppm) (ppm) 1 3-keto carbofuran 3-0.01 39 Cyproconazole 0.01 2 3-OH carbofuran 3-0.01 40 Cyprodinil 0.02 3 Abamectin 0.01 41 Demeton-S-methyl 0.03 4 Acephate 0.05 42 Dichlofluanid 0.01 5 Acetamiprid 0.01 43 Dicrotophos 0.01 6 Alachlor 0.04 44 Difenoconazole 0.05 7 Aldicarb 0.03 45 Dimethenamid 0.02 8 Aldicarb sulfone 碸 0.01 46 Dimethoate 0.01 9 Aldicarb sulfoxide 碸 ( ) 0.03 47 Dimethomorph 0.01 10 Allethrin 0.05 48 Diphenamid 0.02 11 Azinphos-methyl 0.05 49 Disulfoton 0.01 12 Azoxystrobin 0.01 50 Edifenphos 0.01 13 Bendiocarb 0.01 51 Ethirimol 0.02 14 Benfuracarb 0.01 52 Ethoprophos 0.01 15 Bensulfuron-methyl 0.01 53 Etoxazole 0.02 16 Benthiazole 0.02 54 Etrimfos 0.05 17 Bitertanol 0.02 55 Famoxadone 0.02 18 Boscalid 0.01 56 Fenamiphos 0.01 19 Bupirimate 0.03 57 Fenarimol 0.02 20 Butachlor 0.01 58 Fenazaquin 0.01 21 Butocarboxim 0.01 59 Fenobucarb 0.01 22 Carbaryl 0.01 60 Fenoxycarb 0.02 23 Carbendazim 0.01 61 Fenpyroximate 0.01 24 Carbofuran 0.01 62 Fensulfothion 0.05 25 Carbosulfan 0.01 63 Fenthion 0.02 26 Carpropamid 0.02 64 Flazasulfuron 0.01 27 Chlorantraniliprole 0.02 65 Flonicamid 0.02 28 Chlorfluazuron 0.03 66 Fluazifop-p-butyl 0.01 29 Chlorpyrifos 0.01 67 Fludioxonil 0.02 30 Chlorpyriphos-methyl 0.03 68 Flufenoxuron 0.01 31 Clofentezine 0.02 69 Fluopicolide 0.02 32 Clomazone 0.01 70 Flusilazole 0.01 33 Clothianidin 0.02 71 Flutolanil 0.01 34 Cyanofenphos 0.01 72 Flutriafol 0.01 35 Cyazofamid 0.01 73 Fonofos 0.02 36 Cyclosulfamuron 0.01 74 Halfenprox 0.05 37 Cyflumetofen 0.02 75 Haloxyfop-methyl 0.01 38 Cymoxanil 0.02 76 Heptenophos 0.01
102 95 --(2) (ppm) (ppm) 77 Hexaconazole 0.02 115 Pencycuron 0.01 78 Hexaflumuron 0.05 116 Pendimethalin 0.01 89 Hexythiazox 0.05 117 Phenthoate 0.02 80 Imibenconazole 0.05 118 Phorate 0.01 81 Imidacloprid 0.05 119 Phosalone 0.03 82 Indoxacarb 0.01 120 Phosphamidon 0.05 83 Iprobenfos 0.03 121 Pirimicarb 0.01 84 Isazofos 0.01 122 Pirimiphos-ethyl 0.01 85 Isofenphos 0.02 123 Pirimiphos-methyl 0.01 86 Isoprocarb 0.01 124 Profenophos 0.02 87 Kresoxim-methyl 0.01 125 Promecarb 0.01 88 Malathion 0.01 126 Propanil 0.01 89 Mefenacet 0.01 127 Propaphos 0.01 90 Mephosfolan 0.02 128 Propargite 0.01 91 Mepronil 0.01 129 Propiconazole 0.03 92 Metaflumizon 0.02 130 Propoxur 0.01 93 Metconazole 0.01 131 Pyraclofos 0.03 94 Methacrifos 0.02 132 Pyraclostrobin 0.01 95 Methamidophos 0.02 133 Pyrazophos 0.05 96 Methidathion 0.02 134 Pyridaben 0.05 97 Methiocarb 0.01 135 Pyridaphenthion 0.10 98 Methomyl 0.01 136 Pyrifenox 0.03 99 Methoxyfenozide 0.02 137 Pyriproxyfen 0.01 100 Metolachlor 0.01 138 Pyroquilon 0.01 101 Metolcarb 0.01 139 Quinoxyfen 0.05 102 Metribuzin 0.05 140 Quizalofop-ethyl 0.01 103 Mevinphos 0.02 141 Spirodiclofen 0.02 104 Molinate 0.01 142 Tebuconazole 0.01 105 Monocrotophos 0.02 143 Tebufenozide 0.02 106 Myclobutanil 0.05 144 Tebufenpyrad 0.02 107 Napropamide 0.01 145 Tepraloxydim 0.02 108 Nuarimol 0.05 146 Terbufos 0.01 109 Omethoate 0.05 147 Tetraconazole 0.01 110 Oxadiazon 0.01 148 Tetramethrin 0.01 111 Oxamyl 0.01 149 Thiabendazole 0.01 112 Oxycarboxin 0.01 150 Thiacloprid 0.02 113 Paclobutrazol 0.01 151 Thiamethoxam 0.01 114 Penconazole 0.02 152 Thiobencarb 0.01
96 --(3) (ppm) (ppm) 153 Thiodicarb 0.01 162 Triforine 0.02 154 Tolfenpyrad 0.01 163 Vamidothion 0.05 155 Triadimefon 0.01 164 XMC 0.01 156 Triadimenol 0.05 165 2,4-D 0.02 157 Triazophos 0.02 166 Bentazone 0.01 158 Trichlorfon 0.05 167 Diflubenzuron 0.01 159 Tricyclazole 0.02 168 Fipronil 0.001 160 Trifloxystrobin 0.01 169 Lufenuron 0.01 161 Triflumizole 0.02 170 Teflubenzuron 0.01 ( ) (1) (ppm) (ppm) 1 α-bhc α- 0.01 26 Chinomethionat 0.01 2 β-bhc β- 0.01 27 Chlorfenapyr 0.05 3 γ-bhc (Lindane) γ- ( ) 0.01 28 Chloropropylate 0.05 4 δ-bhc δ- 0.01 29 Chlorothalonil 0.01 5 α-endosulfan α- 0.01 30 Chlozolinate 0.01 6 β-endosulfan β- 0.01 31 Cyfluthrin 0.01 7 Endosulfan sulfate 0.01 32 Cyhalothrin 0.01 8 cis-chlordane - 0.01 33 Cypermethrin 0.05 9 trans-chlordane - 0.01 34 Deltamethrin 0.01 10 op -DDT op - 0.01 35 Diazinon 0.02 11 pp -DDD pp - 0.03 36 Dichlorvos 0.01 12 pp -DDE pp - 0.01 37 Dicloran 0.01 13 pp -DDT pp - 0.01 33 Cypermethrin 0.05 14 Aldrin 0.01 34 Deltamethrin 0.01 15 Alphacypermethrin 0.05 35 Diazinon 0.02 16 Benfluralin 0.01 36 Dichlorvos 0.01 17 Bifenox 0.01 37 Dicloran 0.01 18 Bifenthrin 0.03 19 Bromophos-ethyl 0.03 20 Bromophos-methyl 0.03 21 Bromopropylate 0.02 38 Dicofol 0.05 4,4 - dichlorobenzophenone (DCBP) 22 Butralin 0.05 39 Dieldrin 0.01 23 Captafol 0.05 40 Diniconazole 0.03 24 Captan 0.01 41 Dinitramine 0.01 25 Carbophenothion 0.02 42 Ditalimfos 0.03
102 97 ( ) (2) (ppm) 43 Endrin 0.01 44 EPN 0.01 63 Methyl pentachlorophenyl sulfide (ppm) 45 Epoxiconazole 0.07 64 Mirex 0.01 46 Esfenvalerate 0.02 65 Oxadixyl 0.07 47 Ethion 0.01 66 Oxyfluorfen 0.03 48 Fenbuconazole 0.1 67 Parathion-ethyl 0.01 49 Fenitrothion 0.01 68 Parathion-methyl 0.01 50 Fenpropathrin 0.08 69 Pentachloroaniline 0.01 51 Fenpropimorph 0.1 70 Permethrin 0.05 52 Fenvalerate 0.03 71 Phosmet 0.02 53 Flucythrinate 0.05 72 Pretilachlor 0.05 54 Fluvalinate 0.05 73 Prochloraz 0.03 55 Formothion 0.03 74 Procymidone 0.05 56 Fthalide 0.2 75 Prothiofos 0.01 57 Heptachlor 0.05 76 Quinalphos 0.02 58 Heptachlor epoxide 0.01 77 Quintozene (PCNB) 0.02 59 Hexazinone 0.07 78 Salithion 0.02 60 Iprodione 0.05 79 Tetradifon 0.02 61 Isoprothiolane 0.02 80 Trifluralin 0.01 62 Isoxathion 0.05 81 Vinclozolin 0.01 1 dithiocarbamates a 0.1 a dithiocarbamates ( ) 5 0.01 1 101 130 40 5 ( 12.5%)26 3 ( 11.5%) 64 7 ( 10.9%) 101 41.7%15.3%10.9% 102209 38 15 ( 39.5%)54 6 ( 11.1%) 89 2 ( 2.2%) 102 34.8%16.1%4.9%( ) 102101 102152 134 ( 88.2%) 18 ( 11.8%) 7 5 1 1 ㈠ ㈡
98 精確稱取均質檢體 18 g 1. 以 acetone 70 ml 振盪萃取 3 min, 抽氣過濾 2. 殘渣再以 acetone 30 ml 振盪萃取 3 min, 抽氣過濾 1. 35 濾液減壓濃縮至無丙酮 2. 加入 20% 氯化鈉溶液 2 ml, 混勻 濃縮液 ( 水相 ) 載入液 / 液萃取匣 (MDE column) 1. 靜置 10 分鐘 2. 以 ethyl acetate 80 ml 分次洗濃縮瓶並進行沖提沖提液 1. 35 減壓濃縮至剛乾 2. 殘留物以 n-hexan/acetone (1:1) 溶解並定容至 5 ml 檢液 (I) 1. 取檢液 (I)1 ml 以氮氣吹乾 2. 以 methanol 定溶 1 ml 3. 過濾, 取 200 μl 濾液加 800 μl methanol, 混和均勻以 LC/MS/MS 分析 1. 取檢液 (I) 500 μl 加 H/A (1:1,v/v) 500 μl, 混和均勻 2. 經濾膜過濾, 以 LC/MS/MS 分析 A: acetone H: n-hexane (3) 102 260 22 ( 8.5%) 222 ( 85.4%) 16 ( 6.1%) ( ) 260 93 Fipronil 36 Difenoconazole 31 Dimethomorph 20Tebuconazole 18 ( )
102 99 102 % % % 639 556 87.0 341 53.4 83 13.0 217 215 99.1 58 26.7 2 0.9 243 231 95.1 64 26.3 12 4.9 155 101 65.2 83 53.5 54 34.8 299 251 83.9 187 62.5 48 16.1 133 125 94.0 17 12.8 8 6.0 32 31 96.9 6 18.8 1 3.1 71 66 93.0 19 26.8 5 7.0 102 96 94.1 68 66.7 6 5.9 14 13 92.9 5 35.7 1 7.1 57 50 87.7 46 80.7 7 12.3 19 15 78.9 10 52.6 4 21.1 97 95 97.9 61 62.9 2 2.1 34 34 100.0 2 5.9 0 0.0 9 9 100.0 7 77.8 0 0.0 97 74 76.3 45 46.9 23 24.0 * 1 0 0.0 1 100.0 1 100.0 1 1 100.0 1 100.0 0 0.0 120 117 97.5 85 70.0 3 2.5 2,340 2,080 88.9 1,106 47.3 260 11.1 *1021 50 40 30 101 年集貨場 101 年市售 102 年集貨場 102 年市售 20 10 0 豆菜類瓜菜類果菜類 101-102 102 年市售 102 年集貨場 101 年市售 101 年集貨場
100 (ppm) (ppm) 1 Profenophos 2.90 1.0 1 Methamidophos 1.14 0.5 2 Acetamiprid 2.16 2.22 2.0 1 Phorate 1.66 0.5 1 Prothiofos 1.83 0.5 1 Cypermethrin 3.98 2.0 2 Profenophos 1.12 1.72 1.0 1 Permethrin 4.50 2.0 1 Profenophos 2.60 1.0 1 Chlorpyrifos 1.46 1.0 1 Cypermethrin 2.60 2.0 1 Pyraclofos 1.24 0.5 1 Profenophos 3.33 1.0 1 Flutolanil 3.24 2.0 1 Imidacloprid 1.55 1.0 1 Cypermethrin 8.03 2.0 1 Oxamyl 0.12 0.1 1 Imidacloprid 0.61 0.5 1 Methamidophos 0.6 0.5 1 Diflubenzuron 1.54 1.0 1 Fipronil 0.04 0.03 1 Ethion 3.46 0.5 1 Acetamiprid 2.46 1.0 ( ) 1 Carbofuran 0.84 0.5 1 Isoxathion 0.55 0.1 1 Chlorothalonil 1.75 0.5 1 Methamidophos 0.86 0.5 1 Deltamethrin 0.59 0.02 1 Acetamiprid 2.81 2.0 5 Carbendazim 1.39-4.2 1.0 4 Dimethomorph 1.24-3.37 0.5 1 Profenophos 1.32 0.5 1 Bifenthrin 0.20 0.03 1 Imidacloprid 1.11 0.5 6 Fipronil 0.200-0.003 1 Flonicamid 0.05 3 Difenoconazole 0.49-0.07 1 Penconazole 0.03
102 101 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 1 Tebuconazole 0.11 1 Thiabendazole 0.09 1 Difenoconazole 0.34 3 Fipronil 0.020-0.007 1 Paclbutrazol 0.02 1 Pyriproxyfen 0.02 1 Paclobutrazol 0.06 1 Oxadiazon 0.03 1 Difenoconazole 0.28 1 Difenoconazole 0.03 3 Dimethomorph 0.31-0.08 1 Metaflumizone 0.03 1 Edifenphos 0.02 1 Flonicamid 0.03 1 Prochloraz 0.10 2 Fluopicolide 0.06 0.08 1 Flusilazole 0.03 1 Carbendazim 0.02 1 Permethrin 0.13 3 Fipronil 0.148-0.014 1 Difenoconazole 0.26 1 Famoxadone 0.05 1 Difenoconazole 0.10 1 Dimethomorph 0.40 1 Boscalid 0.08 1 Cyazofamid 0.04 1 Chlorantraniliprole 0.41 1 Tebuconazole 0.14 2 Difenoconazole 0.85-1.04 3 Cyazofamid 0.20-1.14 1 Oxadixyl 0.09 1 Cymoxanil 0.08 1 Paclobutrazol 0.06 1 Propiconazole 1.57 1 Quinoxyfen 0.14 1 Tebuconazole 0.13 1 Cyazofamid 0.12 1 Oxadixyl 0.18 4 Dimethomorph 0.07-0.76
102 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 2 Chlorantraniliprole 0.10-0.14 1 Flonicamid 0.09 6 Pyraclostrobin 0.04-0.29 1 Chlorantraniliprole 0.08 2 Fluopicolide 0.05 0.12 1 Acetamiprid 0.10 1 Cyazofamid 0.49 1 Pyraclostrobin 0.11 1 Flonicamid 0.10 1 Dimethomorph 0.04 1 Pencycuron 0.04 1 Pyriproxyfen 0.05 1 Dicrotophos 0.03 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.02 1 Thiacloprid 0.03 1 Carbofuran 0.10 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.03 3 Chlorfenapyr 0.08-0.10 1 Flutriafol 0.02 1 Tebuconazole 0.09 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.07 1 Cypermethrin 0.06 1 Fenvalerate 0.04 1 Trichlorfon 0.39 1 Oxycarboxin 0.32 1 Kresoxim-methyl 0.08 1 Trifloxystrobin 0.15 1 Bitertanol 0.04 2 Carbofuran 0.04 0.07 1 Carbosulfan 0.06 6 Chlorantraniliprole 0.03-0.27 1 Chlorfenapyr 0.06 2 Chlorothalonil 0.06 0.25 4 Dimethomorph 0.06-0.42 1 Dimethoate 0.43 2 Ethion 0.02 0.8 4 Fipronil 0.04-0.1 1 Flutriafol 0.04 1 Hexaconazole 0.04
102 103 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 1 Lufenuron 0.07 1 Omethoate 0.09 7 Oxycarboxin 0.04-1.26 1 Propoxur 0.02 2 Tebuconazole 0.03 0.05 1 Tebuconazole 0.35 1 Carbofuran 0.04 2 Chlorantraniliprole 0.05 0.15 2 Chlorothalonil 0.03 0.25 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.14 2 Cypermethrin 0.08 0.09 2 Cyprodinil 0.03 0.12 1 Dimethoate 0.06 2 Dimethomorph 0.19 0.84 3 Diniconazole 0.14-0.31 13 Fipronil 0.003-0.120 2 Flusilazole 0.02 0.09 1 Flutriafol 0.04 2 Famoxadone 0.06 0.09 1 Kresoxim-methyl 0.06 1 Methiocarb 0.88 1 Myclobutanil 0.08 1 Omethoate 0.08 2 Oxadixyl 0.13 0.17 1 Oxycarboxin 0.32 1 Prochloraz 0.25 1 Propiconazole 0.05 2 Pyriproxyfen 0.03 0.07 1 Qquinoxyfen 0.08 4 Tebuconazole 0.04-0.08 1 Tebufenozide 0.17 1 Tolfenpyrad 0.03 2 Difenoconazole 0.11 0.23 1 Famoxadone 0.05 1 Propargite 0.04 1 Tebuconazole 0.04 4 Chlorfenapyr 0.13-0.43 2 Cyazofamid 0.07 0.08 2 Difenoconazole 0.3 0.25
104 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 1 Etoxazole 0.06 1 Famoxadone 0.04 1 Fenazaquin 0.05 4 Fenpyroximate 0.02-0.32 1 Fenthion 0.12 2 Fipronil 0.032 0.05 1 Flonicamid 0.04 1 Fludioxonil 0.05 2 Flufenoxuron 0.04 0.05 1 Fluopicolide 0.20 1 Hexaconazole 0.03 1 Indoxacarb 0.08 1 Iprodione 0.07 3 Kresoxim-methyl 0.08-0.40 1 Myclobutanil 0.08 1 Pencycuron 0.37 1 Pyriproxyfen 0.17 1 Spirodiclofen 0.07 3 Tebuconazole 0.05-0.09 1 Tolyfluanid 0.16 1 Cyprodinil 0.06 2 Difenoconazole 0.22 0.09 1 Fenpyroximate 0.02 1 Fludioxonil 0.05 1 Flufenoxuron 0.02 4 Pencycuron 0.05-0.19 1 Tebuconazole 0.09 1 Pyriproxyfen 0.05 1 Boscalid 0.03 6 Difenoconazole 0.09-1.86 1 Iprodione 0.11 1 Pencycuron 0.16 2 Famoxadone 0.04 0.41 1 Propiconazol 0.22 1 Pendimethalin 0.04 1 Tebuconazole 0.04 1 Trifloxystrobin 0.57 1 Fipronil 0.056 1 Clofentezine 0.03
102 105 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 4 Propargite 0.03-2.01 3 Ethion 0.11-0.25 2 Paclobutrazol 0.05 0.11 1 Pencycuron 0.02 1 Chlorantraniliprole 0.04 1 Pyraclostrobin 0.05 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.02 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.06 1 Kresoxim-methyl 0.24 1 Acetamiprid 0.03 1 Cyhalothrin 0.02 1 Cyhalothrin 0.05 1 Dimethomorph 0.26 1 Famoxadone 0.28 1 Kresoxim-methyl 0.12 1 Methamidophos 0.65 2 Difenoconazole 0.08 0.17 1 Cyflumetofen 0.06 1 Oxamyl 0.03 1 Tebuconazole 0.07 1 Bromopropylate 0.04 1 Flutolanil 0.04 1 Propiconazole 0.06 1 Spirodiclofen 0.11 4 Chlorpyrifos 0.06-0.09 1 Profenophos 0.19 1 Pencycuron 0.09 1 Tebuconazole 0.26 1 Diflubenzuron 0.03 1 Bifenthrin 0.38 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.95 1 Deltamethrin 0.36 1 Imidacloprid 0.76 1 Methiocarb 0.37 1 Propoxur 0.15 1 Prothiofos 0.74 2 Difenoconazole 0.17 0.19 1 Prothiofos 0.44
106 ( ) (ppm) (ppm) 1 Propiconazole 0.10 1 Fipronil 0.01 1 Myclobutanil 0.18 1 Flusilazole 0.07 1 Hexaconazole 0.14 1 Tolfenpyrad 0.30 1 Difenoconazole 0.11 1 Bromopropylate 0.20 2 Fipronil 0.011 0.014 2 Chlorothalonil 0.10 0.85 1 Cypermethrin 0.43 1 Dimethoate 0.22 4 Difenoconazole 0.27-0.79 2 Endosulfan 0.98 1.48 2 Iprodion 0.65 1.19 1 Lufenuron 0.09 1 Oxadixyl 0.93 1 Prochloraz 0.17 4 Procymidone 0.43-5.40 2 Propargite 0.18 0.56 2 Propiconazole 0.25 0.49 1 Pyridaben 0.48 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.08 1 Fenvalerate 0.14 1 Monocrotophos 0.12 2 Pendimethalin 0.07 0.88 1 Profenophos 0.21 1 Chlorpyrifos 0.81 1 Methomyl 0.47 1 Carbaryl 0.20 2 Imidacloprid 0.52 0.58 1 Methamidophos 0.41 5 Pendimethalin 0.17-0.57 3 Permethrin 1.33-2.07 1 Fenvalerate 0.84 1: 2: 3: 3 2
102 107 28.0-39.2% 15.0-23.2% 99 15.1% 102 4.9% 97 20.5% 102 13.0% % Acetamiprid 6 3 50.0 1 16.7 1 16.7 1 16.7 Bifenthrin 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Bitertanol 1 1 100.0 Boscalid 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Bromopropylate 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Carbaryl 1 1 100.0 Carbendazim 6 1 16.7 5 83.3 Carbofuran 5 1 20.0 3 60.0 1 20.0 Carbosulfan 1 1 100.0 Chlorantraniliprole 13 8 61.5 4 30.8 1 7.7 Chlorfenapyr 8 4 50.0 1 12.5 3 37.5 Chlorothalonil 7 4 57.1 2 28.6 1 14.3 Chlorpyrifos 14 1 7.1 1 7.1 4 28.6 2 14.3 2 14.3 2 14.3
108 ( ) % 1 7.1 1 7.1 Clofentezine 1 1 100.0 Cyazofamid 8 6 75.0 2 25.0 Cyflumetofen 1 1 100.0 Cyhalothrin 2 2 100.0 Cymoxanil 1 1 100.0 Cypermethrin 7 3 42.9 2 28.6 1 14.3 1 14.3 Cyprodinil 3 2 66.7 1 33.3 Deltamethrin 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Dicrotophos 1 1 100.0 Difenoconazole 31 10 32.3 3 9.7 2 6.5 12 38.7 4 12.9 Diflubenzuron 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Dimethoate 3 2 66.7 1 33.3 Dimethomorph 20 9 45.0 6 30.0 1 5.0 4 20.0 Diniconazole 3 3 100.0 Edifenphos 1 1 100.0 Endosulfan 2 2 100.0 Ethion 6 3 50.0 1 16.7 2 33.3 Etoxazole 1 1 100.0 Famoxadone 8 1 12.5
102 109 ( ) % 4 50.0 2 25.0 1 12.5 Fenazaquin 1 1 100.0 Fenpyroximate 5 5 100.0 Fenthion 1 1 100.0 Fenvalerate 3 1 33.3 2 66.7 Fipronil 36 12 33.3 17 47.2 4 11.1 1 2.8 2 5.6 Flonicamid 5 1 20.0 4 80.0 Fludioxonil 2 2 100.0 Flufenoxuron 3 3 100.0 Fluopicolide 5 4 80.0 1 20.0 Flusilazole 4 2 50.0 1 25.0 1 25.0 Flutolanil 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Flutriafol 3 1 33.3 2 66.7 Hexaconazole 3 1 33.3 1 33.3 1 33.3 Imidacloprid 6 1 16.7 1 16.7 3 50.0 1 16.7 Indoxacarb 1 1 100.0 Iprodione 4 2 50.0 2 50.0 Isoxathion 1 1 100.0 Kresoxim-methyl 7 2 28.6
110 ( ) % 2 28.6 3 42.9 Lufenuron 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Metaflumizone 1 1 100.0 Methamidophos 5 1 20.0 1 20.0 1 20.0 1 20.0 1 20.0 Methiocarb 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Methomyl 1 1 100.0 Monocrotophos 1 1 100.0 Myclobutanil 3 1 33.3 1 33.3 1 33.3 Omethoate 2 2 100.0 Oxadixyl 5 2 40.0 2 40.0 1 20.0 Oxadiazon 1 1 100.0 Oxamyl 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Oxycarboxin 9 9 100.0 Paclobutrazol 5 3 60.0 2 40.0 Penconazole 1 1 100.0 Pencycuron 9 1 11.1 6 66.7 1 11.1 1 11.1 Pendimethalin 7 1 14.3 6 85.7 Permethrin 5 2 40.0 3 60.0 Phorate 1 1 100.0 Prochloraz 3 1 33.3
102 111 ( ) % 1 33.3 1 33.3 Procymidone 4 4 100.0 Profenophos 9 5 55.6 1 11.1 3 33.3 Propargite 8 2 25.0 6 75.0 Propiconazole 7 1 14.3 1 14.3 1 14.3 2 28.6 1 14.3 1 14.3 Propoxur 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Prothiofos 3 1 33.3 1 33.3 1 33.3 Pyraclofos 1 1 100.0 Pyraclostrobin 8 1 12.5 7 87.5 Pyridaben 1 1 100.0 Pyriproxyfen 6 2 33.3 2 33.3 2 33.3 Quinoxyfen 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Spirodiclofen 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 Tebuconazole 18 3 16.7 1 5.6 1 5.6 7 38.9 5 27.8 1 5.6 Tebufenozide 1 1 100.0 Thiabendazole 1 1 100.0
112 ( ) % Thiacloprid 1 1 100.0 Tolfenpyrad 1 1 100.0 1 100.0 Tolyfluanid 1 1 100.0 Trichlorfon 1 1 100.0 Trifloxystrobin 2 1 50.0 1 50.0 * 54 (2,5-7) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 98 Dimethomorph (75) Acetamiprid (34) Carbendazim (19) Pencycuron (16) 99 Acetamiprid (50) Dimethomorph (36) Tebuconazole (13) Fipronil (11) 100 Acetamiprid (46) Dimethomorph (24) Fipronil (17) Oxycarboxin (15) 101 Acetamiprid (34) Dimethomorph (29) Fipronil (27) Tebuconazole (20) 102 Fipronil (36) Difenoconazole (31) Dimethomorph (20) Tebuconazole (18) 103 ( ) 70 60 50 40 30 20 93~102 93-94 79 97 98 99 100 101 102 10 0 97-102
102 113 93-102 (2) (%) (%) (%) (%) 93 1,276 13.7 0.6 3 0.2 6 0.5 94 1,638 14.3 0.4 5 0.3 1 0.1 95 1,605 21.6 1.0 10 0.6 6 0.4 96 1,761 32.1 4.1 66 3.7 6 0.3 97 1,765 44.0 11.8 203 11.5 5 0.3 98 1,894 41.6 10.5 174 a 9.2 43 a 2.3 99 2,051 44.1 9.5 161 a 7.8 40 a 2.0 100 2,110 47.1 11.0 193 a 9.1 64 a 3.0 101 2,363 47.7 10.2 193 a 8.2 63 a 2.7 102 2,340 47.3 11.1 238 b 10.2 38 b 1.6 1,695 29.3 5.1 85.6 4.3 20.2 1.2 a: 1 ( ) b:2013 16 2 農藥偵測品項 2500 2363 2340 60.0 件數 2000 1500 1000 1276 2110 2051 44.0 1894 44.1 47.1 1761 1765 41.6 1638 1605 32.1 993 904 21.6 777 788 47.7 47.3 1126 1106 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 比率 (%) 500 0 566 13.7 14.3 11.8 10.5 347 9.5 10.2 11.110.0 235 11.0 175 4.1 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.0 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 抽驗件數檢出件數檢出率不合格率 年度 93-102
114 102 252 47.3% 11.1% 1. 2013 102.12.30. 1021351332 2. 2013 101 4: 23-37 3. 2013 ㈣ 102.09.06. 1021950329 4. 2013 ㈡ 102.09.06. 1021950329 5. 2010 1: 23-40 6. 2011 2:107-123 7. 2012 3: 62-77
102 115 Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products from Markets and Packing Firms in Taiwan HSIU-CHIN SU 1, JIIN-FUNG SHYU 1, HSIU-KUAN CHOU 1, TZU-SHI WANG 1, SHU-FENG YANG 2, YUN- HUA HSU 3, WAN-JHEN LIN 4, LING-YU HUANG 5, WEN-JENG HUANG 6, PEI-YU CHEN 7, YUAN-FENG LEE 8, RUENN-LAN FENG 1 AND HWEI-FANG CHENG 9 1 Center for Regional Administration, FDA 2 Public Health Department, New Taipei City Government 3 Department of Health, Taipei City Government 4 Health Bureau of Taichung City Government 5 Chiayi City Health Bureau 6 Department of Health, Tainan City Government 7 Department of Health, Kaohsiung City Government 8 Public Health Bureau Yilan County 9 Division of Risk Management ABSTRACT The monitoring program of pesticide residues in agricultural products from markets and packing firms was performed by the Food and Drug Administration in Taiwan. A total of 2,340 samples were collected in 2013 by the local health bureaus from markets and packing firms. The samples were analyzed by multi-residue testing methods of pesticides, which were promulgated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MHW) in Taiwan. These methods allow simultaneous determination of 252 items of pesticides by GC/FPDs, GC/MS/MS and LC/MS/MS. The results showed 1,510 (87.9%) of the 1,718 vegetable samples, 335 (93.1%) of the 360 fruit samples and 235 (89.7%) of the 262 other samples complied with the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by the MHW. The overall rate of compliance was 88.9%. Of the violative samples, 22 samples contained pesticide residues at levels above the MRL S for the given pesticides to the given crop catogeries, while 222 samples contained pesticide residues which were not allowed for use in those crop catogeies. And 16 samples were violative in both of these situations. The local health authorities have enforced the penalties to the suppliers or farmers who supplied the violative samples based on the Act Governing Food Sanitation and its Enforcement Rules in Taiwan. Key words: agricultural product, pesticide residues, pesticide test