- PDF Free Download

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download ""

毅焦
7 years ago
Views:

1 2 1: ( 2001) Formosa n Entomol. 2 1 : (2001) (Orgyia posticus) ( ) * (Orgyia posticus (Walker)) L : 12D ~ (Orgyia posticus (Walker)) Tussock moths Notolophus australis posticus Walker (Guan, 1979) 1988b) (Lymantridae) (Chang, (Wu, 1997; Zih, 1985) 1988b) (Su, 1985; Zih, 1985) (Wu, 1977; Chang, * clcheng@mail.ncyu.edu.tw 17

2 Zih (1985) L : Wu (1977) Guan (1978) 20% Su (1985) K = (T - (9 2 cm) 12D 65±5% C)D (K: T: C: D: ) (Nelumbo nucifera) mm % ( A)

3 ±0.09~1.21±0.15 cm ( B) (repugnatorial 0.24±0.02~0.28±0.02 cm gland) 0.46±0.05~0.51±0.04 cm ( E) 0.57±0.03 mm 1.18±0.11~1.32±0.25 cm 1.51±0.24~2.52±0.19 cm 1.94±0.12 mm ±0.23~2.63±0.26 cm 2.25±0.46~4.0±0.17 cm 2.30±0.40 mm ±0.29~4.0± ( C) ±0.03~0.55±0.04 cm 1.1 cm 0.65±0.03~0.75±0.26 cm 1.5cm 0.81±0.05 mm ( G) ±0.29~2.17±0.28 cm ( H) 1.28± 0.08~1.54±0.05 cm 2.5 cm 1.24±0.07 mm ( F) 0.17 cm 2.25±0.46~2.81±0.39 cm 1.53±0.13~1.65±0.25 cm ( D) 0.68±0.04~0.98±0.11 cm 19

4 A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Fig. 1 Orgyia posticus (Walker) A. Eggs; B. First-instar larvae; C. A second-instar larva; D. A third-instar larva; E. A fourth-instar larva; F. A fifth-instar larva; G. A cocoon; H. Adults, left: female, right: male. 20

5 1/3 2/ / ±0.12~1.72±0.10 cm multiple range test) ) 10 30ºC 3.5 ( ) ± % ( ) ºC ºC ºC 10~35ºC (Duncan s new ( ºC % Table 1. The developmental period of larval stages of Orgyia posticus at different temperatures Temp. ( ) Developmental period ( days) (x ±SD) 1 st instar 2 nd instar 3 rd instar 4 th instar 5 th instar Total ±0.5 a 8.4±0.3 b 6.1±0.1 c 3.4±0.6 d 3.4±0.2 d 3.4±0.3 d 12.5±0.3 a 6.8±0.3 b 4.3±0.2 c 2.9±0.1 d 2.8±0.1 d 2.9±0.3 d 9.3±0.6 a 6.8±0.4 b 4.8±0.3 c 3.5±0.1 d 3.0±0.7 d 3.6±0.4 d 11.6±0.8 a 8.6±0.3 b 5.2±0.2 c 3.1±0.3 e 2.9±0.2 e 4.1±0.4 d 12.1±1.4 a 9.4±1.1 b 5.8±0.2 c 3.5±0.4 d 3.9±0.7 d 6.7±1.0 c 64.1±3.5 a 40.0±1.0 b 26.2±0.7 c 16.2±0.3 e 16.2±0.5 e 21.1±1.5 d 1) Means with the same letter in the same column do not significantly differ at the significance leavel of 5% according to Duncan s new multiple range test. 21

6 30% 10ºC 13.3% 2.17± ± ± ±0.21 ( ) cm cm 100% ( ) ( ) ( ) ± ± ± ± ± cm 1.72± cm cm 1.60± ± ± ± ±0.22 cm 2.04±0.29 cm cm % % ( ) ( : ) 1: ± ± ± ±0.08 cm cm cm Table 2. Effects of the temperature on the developmental period of larvae and pupae of Orgyia posticus in different sexes Temp. Developmental period ( days) (x ±SD) ( ) 1 st instar 2 nd instar 3 rd instar 4 th instar 5 th instar Larval period Pupal period ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±

7 Table 3. Mortaity of larvae and pupae of Orgyia posticus at different temperatures Temp. Mortality(%) ( ) 1 st instar 2 nd instar 3 rd instar 4 th instar 5 th instar Pupa Table 4. Pupal period and adult longevity of Orgyia posticus at different temperatures Adult longevity (days) Famale Male Average ±0.6 a (22) 6.7±0.9 a (11) 7.4±0.4 b (11) 7.1±3.5 a (22) ±1.8 b (29) 6.6±0.4 a (17) 6.6±1.0 bc (12) 6.3±2.4 b (29) ±0.4 c (28) 5.8±1.1 a (12) 8.7±1.7 a (16) 7.1±1.9 a (28) ±0.9 cd (27) 4.2±0.2 b (9) 5.8±0.3 c (18) 4.8±1.2 c (27) ±0.4 d (30) 3.8±0.7 b (16) 4.0±0.5 d (14) 3.7±1.1 d (30) 1) Means with the same letter in the same column do not significantly differ at the significance level of 5% according to Duncan s new multiple range test. 2) Number in parenthesis represents no. of samples ( ) (r)

8 Table 5. Relationship between developmental rate and temperature, and low threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for the immature stage of Orgyia posticus Stage Regression equations Correlation coefficient (r) Low development threshold ( ) Thermal summation K(DD) 1 st instar Y= X nd instar Y= X rd instar Y= X th instar Y= X th instar Y= X Larval stage Y= X Male pupa Y= X Female pupa Y= X ( ) Su(1985) % % ± ± Su (1985) Su (1985)

9 Su (1985) % % ( 60%) 35 Su (1985) ~ Su (1985) Su Su (1985) ~ % Su (1985) % % 25

10 Su, C. Y Influence of temperature on Chang, C. P. 1988a. The investigation on insect and other animal pests on grapevine and their seasonal occurrences in Taiwan. Chinese J. Entomol. 8(1): (in Chinese). Chang, C. P. 1988b. The ecology and control of insects and other animal pests on grapevine. Chinese J. Entomol., Special Publ. 2: (in Chinese). Guan, C. J Notolophus australis posticus Walker pp In: Forest Entomology. Li-Ming Cultural. Enterprises, Taipei 554 pp. (in Chinese). life stages and leaf consumption of Porthesia taiwana and Orgyia posticus on soybean leaf. Chinese J. Entomol. 5(1): (in Chinese). Wu, L. L A survey study of the injurious insects of grape-vine in Taiwan. Plant Prot. Bull. 19(2): (in Chinese). Zih, S. T Notolophus australis posticus Walker. pp In: Economical Entomology. Cheng Chung Book Co., Taipei, 464 pp. (in Chinese)

11 Morphology of Orgyia posticus (Lepidoptera: Lymantridae) and the Effects of Temperatures on Its Development Chiou-Ling Cheng *, Shwn-Miin Yang and Ming-Fa Cheng Department of Biological Resource s, National Chiayi University. Chiayi, 60083, Taiwan, R.O.C. ABSTRACT Orgyia posticus (Walker) is one of the important insect pests of Lymantridae in Taiwan. The development of O. posticus was investigated at various temperatures in a 12L : 12D photoperiod with the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera. The egg stage required 5 days at 25. Under 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35, the larval development took 64.1, 40.0, 26.2, 16.2, 16.2, and 21.1 days, respectively. While pupal development took 19.6, 16.0, 8.2, 6.9, and 6.0 days, respectively. The longevity of adults was 7.1, 6.3, 7.1, 4.8, and 3.7 days from 10 to 30. The number of eggs laid by a female was O. posticus needed 33 days to complete a life cycle at 25. On average, the egg, larva, pupa, and adult took 5, 16.2, 6.9, and 4.8 days to complete its stage, respectively. Larvae have color dimorphism: the winter form showed from 10 to 15, and the summer form showed from 20 to 35. The temperatures of the development threshold for 1 st -, 2 nd -, 3 rd -, 4 th -, and 5 th -instar larvae were estimated to be 5.9, 4.5, 1.5, 5.1, and 2, respectively. The sums of the effective accumulated temperature for 1 st -, 2 nd -, 3 rd -, 4 th - and 5 th -instar larvae were 77.39, 67.03, 85.97, 70.41, and degree-days (DD), respectively. The threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature for larvae were 3.7 and degree-days. The threshold temperature of female and male pupae were 3.3 and 2.2, and effective accumulated temperatures were and degree-days, respectively. External morphology in each stage of this moth are also described and illustrated in the paper. Key words: Orgyia posticus, morphology, life cycle, temperature of development threshold, effective accumulated temperature. 27

中国科技论文在线中文稿件模板

中国科技论文在线中文稿件模板 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 # 椰心叶甲和水椰八角铁甲的形态学鉴定陈俊 1,2,3, 张翔 1,2,3, 汤宝珍 1,2,3, 侯有明 1,2,3 1,2,3**, 杨莉 (1. 福建农林大学植物保护学院, 福建福州 350002; 2. 福建省昆虫生态重点实验室福建福州 350002;