The comparison between LAC and ALA Tzu-heng Chiu tzchiu@mail.lis.ntu.edu.tw Doctoral student, Institute of Library & Information Science, National Taiwan University Abstract A good library association serves its members, improves the librarianship, and helps library institutions achieving their missions. This article describes the history, missions and goals, organization structure, membership, financial sources, professional activities, publication, and website of the Library Association of China (LAC) and American Library Association (ALA), respectively. Considering social / cultural / political differences between Taiwan and the United Sates, the author then compares these two library associations from the eight factors mentioned above. At the end, suggestions for the LAC are proposed. Keywords Library Association of China, American Library Association 1
American Library Association ALA 1876 42 1 1. Republic of China 1912 1 1 36,191 2 1 92 1998 2. 3. GNP 2,622 1998 GNP 12,040 1998 10,918 1998 1,047.4 1998 1,106.4 1994 2
2 1. United States of the America 1776 7 4 9,629,091 2 7,263 1999 7 2. 1789 3. 22,304 1998 GDP 8 5,110 1998 9,171 7,800 1998 1 981 8,900 1998 6,702 4,600 1998 9,339 700 1998 87 5,826 30,868 5,676 14,190,404 344 3 40 6.09% 86 18.18% 86 6,078 4 Bowker Annual 1998 56,129 1998 Bowker Annual, p.530 ( 5) 801 2,369 1,685 3,676 2,657 408 1,456 2,104 3
1,224 1,125 7,096 3,153 2,237 3,432 3,108 8,970 1,200 1,367 3,381 1,999 840 652 1,189 56,129 (Association of American Publishers AAP) 1998 1998 ( ) Bowker Annual, p.538 ( 6) Trade 6,148.9 1,178.0 4,418.7 Book clubs 1,209.4 470.5 1,514.1 391.8 3,315.0 2,888.6 204.6 767.4 ( ) 526.3 23,033.3 86 4,830 1998 33,108 86 p.19 ( 7) 435 4
158 440 719 2,540 537 4,830 1998 Bowker Annual, p.444 ( 8) 16,250 4,700 363 1,897 9,898 33,108 86 589,095 1:35 16,831 1997 266,789 87, p.29-46 9) NT$ (NT$) 1 26,589,000 26,589,000 435 143,211,030 329,220 158 1,379,174,510 8,728,953 3076 335,030,970 108,918 360 490,048,190 1,361,245 4030 2,374,053,700 589,095 1997-1998 Bowker Annual, p.460-467 ( 10) US (US ) 4,443 781,430,991 175,879 1,761 1,117,358,134 634,502 1,111 87,631,991 78,877 5
310 47,843,821 154,335 7,625 2,034,264,937 266,789 55 12 11 78 12 29 79 20 11 1956 Library Services Act 1964 Library Services and Construction Act 12 6 1,400 5 160 78 1-2 11 13 1,571 p.13 1,400 160 11 1,571 45 8,874 14 1996 ALA 56 ALISE 15,138 9,979 66% ( 15) 6
1996 Library and Information Science Education Statistical Report 1997, p.347 16 686 600 ALA 12,649 8,274 1,175 681 628 424 15,138 9,979 ALA Library and Information Science Education Statistical Report 1997, p.354 17 1992 45 494 22,088 1994 44 617 25,162 1996 43 716 30,341 1997 47 737 28,240 ALA Medical Library Association MLA Special Libraries Association SLA Association of Research Libraries ARL Association for Library and Information Science Education ALISE 18 7
42 5 18 5 30 7 3 11 12 52 5 75 10 85 1 19 20 33 11 1 11 1 8
22 21 10 87 1,105 372 1,477 300 9
600 3,000 2000 10,000 200 22 23 24 76 87 65 http://lac.ncl.edu.tw 10
ListServer WWW American Library Association ALA 1876 1879 12 10 ALA 25 ALA 1909 Executive Officer 1924 50 John Crerar 1928 1929 5 1 McGraw-Hill ALA 11
McGraw-Hill 1945 McCormick 1946 ALA 26 ALA 27 ALA ALAction 2005 28 ALA 1998 Key Action Areas 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) ALA 1) 2) ALA ALA Council Council Committees Executive Board Divisions Representative to other organizations Round Tables Joint Committees ALA Chapters Affiliated Organizations 29 ALA 12 ALA 8 11 ALA 12
18 59 23 ALA ALA ALA ALA http://www.ala.org/images/alaorg1.gif ALA McCormick 30 Executive Director Washington Office 13
ALA http://www.ala.org/images/alaorg2.gif ALA ALA ALA 31 ALA 32 50 75 100 25 35 14
Trustee and associate members 45 60 Divisions Round Tables Organization member 33 50,000 USD70 50,000~199,999 110 200,000~499,999 330 500,000~999,999 500 1,000,000~2,000,000 770 2,000,000~199,999 990 75 75 Corporate member 34 Library Champion 5,000 Benefactor 2,500 Patron 1,000 Contributor 350 American Libraries ALA ALA 35 36 ALA Carlene Di Nella 1999 12 ALA 53,568 3,699 146 57,413 37 ALA Honorary Membership 1998 Gates Library Foundations Bill Gates Wendell B. Ford Sidney R. Yates OCLC K. Wayne Smith 38 39 ALA Carnegie Corporation Rockefeller Foundation 15
Ford Foundation H. W. Wilson Foundation Knapp Foundation 1950 ALA 40~50% ALA Editions 40 ALA Fund for America s Libraries Freedom to Read Foundation 41 42 ALA 1920 1930 1945 1956 1961 1958 1965 ALA 1975 Legislative Day 43 ALA ALA Council on Postsecondary Accreditation ALA ALA 16
ALA ALA ALA 44 45 46 ALA IFLA UNESCO ALA ALA Cyberspace AOL Internet Driver s Education Programs The Librarian s Guide to Cyberspace 47 ALA AASL 1998 ALA Literacy Officer 21 Rosie O Donnell Brandy Nicolas Cage Cindy Crawford Bill Gates 48 ALA 46 49 ALA Washington News ALCTS Newsletter 17
ALSC Newsletter ALTA Newsletter American Indian Libraries Newsletter American Libraries Armed Forces Libraries Round Table of ALA Newsletter Baseline Book Links Booklist Choice CLENExchange College & Research Libraries College & Research Libraries News Documents to the People EMIE Bulletin The Federal Librarian Footnotes FYI GLBTF Newsletter IFRT Report Ilert Alert Information Technology and Libraries Interface International Leads JOYS Knowledge Quest LHRT Newsletter Library Administration & Management Library Instruction Round Table News Library Personnel News Library Resources & Technical Services Library Systems Newsletter Library Technology Reports Menorandum Meridian Newsletter on Intellectual Freedom Public Libraries Rare Books and Manuscripts Librarianship RUSA Update 18
Reference and User Services Quarterly School Library Media Research SORT Bulletin SRRT Newsletter Trustee Voice Women in Libraries ALA Editions 50 ALA Neal-Schuman Libraries Unlimited Oryx Scarecrow Shoe String Greenwood Gale Bowker 51 http://www.ala.org News and Announcements Events and Conferences Library Advocacy and Support Education Employment ALA Interests and Activities The Marketplace Memberhip Info and Services ALA s Library ALA Divisions, Units, Goverance This Week s News and Announcements Icon 19
20 WWW
42 47 1879 121 John Crerar McGraw-Hill 1946 67 2005 ALAction 2005 ALA ALA ALA 21
ALA 1,477 5,7413 10 ALA 50 75 100 70 90 300 200 25 1:35 875 12 4 22
ALA American Libraries 46 ALA Editions Search Siemap ALA WWW 2.04 15.85 12.4 6.8 6.4 38.8 23
2,192 2 7,263 12.4 1,571 9,979 6.4 1,477 57,413 38.8 10,918 22,304 2.04 4,830 33,108 6.8 (NT 589,095 ) 16,831 266,789 15.85 ALA ALA ALA ALA 24
ALA 1: 88 2000 391-392 2: 551-553 3: 88 1 4: 5: Gray Ink (1999). Book title output and average prices: 1997 final and 1998 preliminary figures, in 1999 Bowker Annual : Library & Book Trade Almanac (44 th ed), p.530. 6: Association of American Publishers (1999). Book sales statistics, 1998: AAO preliminary estimates, in 1999 Bowker Annual: Library & Book Trade Almanac (44 th ed), p.538. 7: 3 19 8: Number of libraries in the United States, Canada, and Mexico (1999). In 1999 Bowker Annual : Library & Book Trade Almanac (44 th ed), p. 444. 9: 87 29-46 10: Library acquisition expenditures, 1997-1998: U.S. public, academic, special, and government libraries (1999), in 1999 Bowker Annual : Library & Book Trade Almanac (44 th ed), p460-467. 11: 87 602-603 12: 79 48-50 13: 3 13 9 11 14: 3 14 15: Evelyn H. Daniel, Jerry D. Saye (1997). Library and Information Science Education Statistical Report 1997. 16: 17: 15 354 Arlington, VA : ALISE, p.347. 25
18: 11 592 19: 88 11 16 WWW=http://lac.ncl.edu.tw/brief/index.html 20: 88 11 17 http://lac.ncl.edu.tw/brief/org.html 21: 11 594-595 22: 11 595 23: 11 595-608 24: 11 608 25: 12 28 26: 12 29 31-32 27: 12 27 28: ALAction 2005. Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from http://www.ala.org/work/alaction2005.html 29: ALA Mission, Membership, Organization An Overview. Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from http://www.ala.org/alaorg/mission.html 30: 12 36 31: 12 39-40 32: ALA Membership Fees. http://www.ala.org/membership 33: 34: 32 Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from 35: At a glance Quick Q & As about ALA. Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from http://www.alaorg/alaorg/qna.html 36: 12 43 37: ALA 38: Ann K. Symons (1999). American Library Association, in 1999 Bowker Annual : Library & Book Trade Almanac (44 th ed), p.159. 39: 12 44-45 40: About ALA Editions. Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from http://www.ala.org/editions/about.html 41: 35 42: 12 45-55 43: 12 55-66 44: 12 75-76 45: 12 85-91 46: 12 77-85 47: 38 154 26
48: 38 155-156 49: American Library Association Periodicals. Retrieved date : Jan. 5, 2000 from http://www.ala.org/library/alaperiodicals.html 50: 40 51: 12 93 27