1949 1949 21 1955 50 27
28 1958 1961 350 1962 221 2005 1983 (ICOM)
29 1 1988 (2001)(2002) 1 2002
30 (2003) (GA27-2002) (2003) (2004) (2005) (2007) 1 3 31 4 30 5 31 (GA27-2002) 1.
31 2008 3 20% 60% 80% 2005 2004-2010
32 UNESCO ICOM 2008 2008 2008 2008 5 18
33 2003 2006-2010 12 30 19982004
34
35 2004 70 70 2001-2005 7,500 1995-2000 1,250 2 2,803 4,949 2 2,000 2
36 2007 118 2008
37 1949 2010 2008 2007 2008.2.1 6
2004 curator 2007 2007.3.23 6 2005 2007 97 3 10 97 3 28 38
Administration Systems and Development of Museums in China Ming-Yu Huang* Abstract With the modernization of China in the 20th century, Chinese museums have developed over the past 100 years and are entering an era of prosperity. Since 1949, under the influences of various historical factors and events, museums have changed the way they function to adapt to changes in policies and have formed different administration systems. This paper begins with a brief overview of the history of Chinese museums after 1949, and introduces current administration systems and important regulations. It then describes the present condition of the Chinese museum industry including factors involved in the promotion of museums, such as free-visit policy, bringing museum resources into the educational system, accumulation of professional resources from international exchanges, setting up of criteria for specialization and standardization, increasing support for collection conservation and restoration from the government, emergence of eco-museums and industrial museums, and progressive interest in museum management. Finally, several current issues are discussed to provide a comprehensive view of the development of museums in China. Keywords: museum, administration system, development, China * Doctoral candidate, Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Fudan University, China 39