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The Maritime Interaction Between China and India The Rise of Chinese Naval Power along Indian Coast during the Song Dynasty to the Early Ming Dynasty Tansen SEN Department of History City University of New York USA Abstract This paper examines the maritime interactions between China and India in this context of the emergence of China as a naval power during the Song dynasty through to its peak in the early Ming period. It shows that while for most of the first millennium the Chinese dynasties remained disinterested in actively participating in maritime exchanges during the second millennium economic needs the rivalry among the Mongol empires and the desire of the early Ming rulers to propagate Chinese civilization brought about changes to the Chinese engagement with its maritime frontier and the regions beyond. The Indian coast which was already linked to the Chinese coast through trade and Buddhist networking became a key destination for traders ships and diplomats from Song and Yuan China. Key words maritime China Indian Ocean Chinese trader