2 160 1985
20 32
50
L.V.Bertallanfy 60
J.M C.W 1982 24 1982 307
1986 35 1984 12
1985 5 1985 121 1988.5 1988.5
1952 1952 1982 193
1987.4 35
1983 1985.10
1986.2 1986 65
1980 7475 1987.10 14 1983.1 27 1983 232
1985.10 29 1986 196
1983.3 1985 73 1985 255
1985.1
1988.5 1987 29
1987 6
1985 10 1984.4
1987.6 1986 110
1985.1 1983.1 60 1988.5 1988.5 1988.5
1982 49 1987.
1985.2 1988.5 [] 1983
1988.5 1985.1 1984 1984.4
1982 129 1984 175 1987
[]N.C. 1985.5.
X X
X
1987.2 39 1987.2 39
1 2 3... 1 2 3 1 2 3......
1 1 1 + + 9 a b c 5 2 1 sin 45 2 1 2 1. sin 45 sin 45 sin 45 2 3 n 2 2 2
α α α 2. sin 2 sin 3 sin n cos 2 2 2 α α α 3. cos 2 cos 3 cos n cos ( ) 2 2 2
x y + z t 1 Q Q = + z 1 z t y x z y t y = z Q Q = 1 z + z 1 2 z t z t 100 t = Q Q = 1 z + z 2 3 100 1 z = 10 Q3 x = 1 y = z = 10t = 100 5 1 Q 5 2 2 2 5 x + 4ax + 3-4a = 0x + a -1x + a = 0x 2 + 2ax
5 a + b + c = 1 4a + 1 + 4b +1 + 4c +1 5, a + b + c = 1 4 a + 1 + 4b +1 + 4c +121
89.6 87. 2 91.2 87.4