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AVbody b m9143003@em91.ndhu.edu.tw

/ T (1) T (2) (3) T / / T 1 2 T 3 (sex) gender / / T / T / T T T T

Abstract Layered colonial experiences and literary discourses on the congregating of early gays and lesbians in the Hsimenting area of Taipei together make up part of the reason for the continued association of Hsimenting as social space with both youths and sexual minorities, especially lesbians and gays. This thesis investigates the complex relations between class and body expression among young Hsimen T s and Po s, including 1) Hsimen T/Po-lesbian s conscious discourse concerning their appearance, intimate relations and sexual interaction; 2) the multiplicity and mobility of their sex and sexuality ; 3) the ways in which T/Po-lesbian intimate relations cannot simply be reduced to copy versions of heterosexuality. This thesis contends that Hsimen young T/Po-lesbians class must be seen as made up of and through the following three dimensions. 1) The socio-economic class that is formed through education, age, economic status, etc. 2) The cultural class reproduced even within the last decade of gay and lesbian critical discourse wherein an intellectual position leads to the subordination of Hsimen young T/Po s and T/Po s in general. 3) The sex/gender system wherein public society will exclude that sex that does not correspond with gender; in such a hierarchical system, gender-benders and especially young gender-benders are regarded as freaks whether or not they are of higher socio-economic status. These three concepts of class intermingle and interweave in the lives and discourse of Hsimen T/Po. This thesis explores how a subordinate class (in the above three dimensions) of Hsimen T/Po-lesbians practice and trespass the inflexible boundaries of heterosexual masculinity and feminity in their bodily appearances and their sexual interactions. This thesis concludes that Hsimen T/Po s body expression and practices transgress the traditionally defined dual gender frame as it blurs the binary concepts of male and female derived masculine and feminine. Hsimen T/Po-lesbians bodies and their sexual interactions together establish distinct subjective identities through important processes of dress-codes, hair-styles, breast-binding, and particular mannerisms in talking, action and sexual practice. These processes of shaping complex Hsimen young T/Po identities interweave socio-economic class and sexual pleasures, while negotiating with hegemonic social exclusionary practices through complex exchanges of social resources. Through the everyday lives and actions and perceptions of young Hsimen T/Po-lesbians, we glimpse the vitality and diversity of

Taiwan s lesbian cultures. Key word: Hsimenting, lesbian cultures, T/Po identities, space, class, body

.......1......1...1-2..3 1.3.1 T.....3 1.3.2 T T.. 3-5 1.3.3 T......5-7...7-9....... 10 10 2.1.1 10 A....10-11 B. queer.. 11-12 C.... 12-14 2.1.2...14-17 17 2.2.1 Max Weber...18-19 2.2.2 Pierre Bourdieu...19-20 2.2.3....20-22 2.2.4 /.......22-24 24 2.3.1 T.....24-27 2.3.2 Foucault Bourdieu. 27-29 2.3.3... 29-30 2.3.4... 30-32 32 2.4.1... 32-33 2.4.2 33 2.4.3... 33-34 i

...... 35 queerness...35-38... 38-40 40 3.3.1....40-41 3.3.2........41-42 A.......42-43 B.......43-44......45 T T......45 4.1.1 T.. 45-49 4.1.2 T T.....49-53 4.1.3 T 53-55 T.....55-59 T......59-63...63-64 intimacy relationship.. 65 T...65 5.1.1 T T.65-69 5.1.2 T T 69-71... 71-75 T..76-77 5.3.1... 77-80 5.3.2.. 80-82 5.3.3... 82-86 5.3.4... 86-88...89-90 T.....91...91-93.93-100... 100-103 ii

.....104-107...107-108 T....109..109 7.1.1... 109-110 7.1.2... 110-112 / 112-116...116-121...121-122 7.4.1 T.....122-124 7.4.2 T... 124-126 7.4.3 126-128... 128-132...132-133...134. 134-137... 137-138.. 139-150 1....23 2 23..38 111 115 iii

T 1 2 T 2005 1988 T T 1. 1 T 2 2003:10 1

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1950 1970 radical feminism Adrienne Rich T T S/MT 0 T 10 1945 1998< > / 3/4 / 1999 < > CSSSM http://www.vmans.com/2004/9-1/121751.html 10

0 queer studies queer theory 199737 2.1.2 queer 1998 1998296 11 199836 Queer 1. 2. queer in the head3. 0 1994 / Queer 1994 1998285-28 11 1998< > / 3/432-46 11

D Emilio & Freedman1988322 Gary Rubin1975 The Traffic in Women: Notes on the Political Economy of Sex Judith Butler1990Gender Trouble sex/gender system performativity queer 100 200 sexuality Lillian Faderman1997 Caudwell1999391 Foucault Sedgwick199044Michel Foucault 18 sexuality Judith Butler 12 Caudwell 1999392 12 < >Lynne Segal / 12

Esther Newton sexual orientation lust 1991285 inversion inversion Gibson1997122 Krafft-Ebing Ellis Ellis Krafft-Ebing Gibson 1997 Caudwell1999392 mannish mascuality feminity Gayle Rubin The Traffic in Women: Notes on the Political Economy of Sex 1975 gender sex gender / Caudwell1999393 T butch identity 13 Healey199634 Woodward2004106-110 Foucault 13 butch/femme T/ butch/femme 200157 T tomboy T T butch/femme butch/femme T/ 13

Foucault 2.3.2 butch TStone Butch Blues desire sex gender Butler Butler Kemp & Squires1997278 Butler gender Butler19906Butler gender dualism Whelehan1995206 Butler Butler Butler heterosexual matrixcaudwell1999394 Butler Bodies That Matter girling the girl 1993237 Butler Foucault T 14

queer study gay studies sex gender sexuality 17 T T T 14 16 identity politics Woodward200435 17 > / 3/447-64 15

16 18 1997< > 338-42

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Bourdieu 21 Bourdieu Bourdieu Bourdieu Bourdieu Bourdieu 22 200395 status group Bourdieu distinction 23 Bourdieu Charisma Bourdieu Bourdieu Bourdieu1977171-183 Bourdieu Habits 24 199122 25 Habits 23 21 Weber1958 2002132 22 2003< [Pierre Bourdieu] > 30 11 93-120 23 distinction 24 Habits 25 1991< > 294 19

T T Bourdieu 26 T human capital theory 2000 0 T status group Bourdieu T life style 26 Bourdieu informational capital Bourdieu and Wacquant1992119 20

Bourdieu human capital 27 Bourdieu lesbian 28 lesbian/ T / T Williamson1986103 T gay Alain Touraine 1973145 27 Bourdieu (1) 2 3 2002< [Pierre Bourdieu] > 56 174 18-23 28 1994< / > / 3/41998 21

163 class 29 Woodward2004 122 T T Gayle Rubin 1975 The Traffic in Women: Notes on the Political Economy of Sex / sex/gender system gender 2003124Rubin 30 / 29 Kathryn Woodward 2004 30 < >2000259-260 22

vs. Rubin sex gender sexuality / / Judith Butler performativity the transgressive pleasurebutler1990 19-24 T T 70 T Judith Butler Gender Trouble T 23

T T J. C. Weber1996 31 butch femme butch-fem T Gayle Robin1975 T T Walker 32 cross-dressing signifier Black Is Beautiful 1993868 31 Janis C. Weber1996 Social Class as a Correlate of Gender Identity Among Lesbian Women Sex RolesVol. 35Nos. 5/6. 32 Lisa M. Walker1993 How to Recognize a LesbianThe Cultural Politics of Looking Like What You Are. Journal of Women in Culture and Society. vol. 18no. 4. 24

Weber butch 1996276 T Par Califia 1992 10 T T buddy-buddy T T Walker1993883 femme/ T Weber butchfemme 33 1996 278 Joan Nestle Butch-Femme RelationshipSexual Courage in the 1950 s butch femme sexual style 1987108 butch femme femme Walker1993867 0 Case Case1989 T butch femme 33 Weber 25

Walker1993875 Walker butch femme gender role butchfemme Walker1993 Sue-Ellen Case Walker1993 876 Case1989285 Case sexual preference Case Joan Nestle Case Walker Walker Case Walker1993876 Case most people of color Walker Case Case butch femme Case T T T 26

T T T T T T T T T T T Foucault The History of Sexuality sex Foucault198454Woodward200487 Foucault Foucault Foucault sexuality social regulation Woodward2004309 27

Foucault the site of struggle 34 Foucault Foucault Althusser Foucault T Foucault Woodward2004107-109 T Foucault T Foucault Foucault Bourdieu valued body Bourdieu theory of social reproduction body politics 34 2002< > 2002 28

2002 Bourdieu habits Hubtius 35 embodiment field 2002Bourdieu physical capital Woodward2004120 Foucault Bourdieu T T T 36 Liesbet van Zoonen2001145 35 Habitus Bourdieu1984 466 36 Liesbet van Zoonen 2001 29

Freud T Freud T T T Ralph Linton 37 196771 Durand &Weil1996111 Goffman 37 Jean-Pierre Durand & Robert Weil 1996 30

Weber Goffman Hetherington19985 T Turner200149 T T Cohen 198598 T T T Goffman 1959 the arts of impression management 31

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