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Joseph Bosco2003109-12 De Groot 1911 1986 1999103-109 1983 19661972197819801985 1978 19811989 1986 19881995199920002008 Ahern, E.1973 Martin, K. G.1975 Seaman, G.1981 Kleinman, A.1980 1997 2001 1972 1990 1997 Wen J.K. 1998 bio-psycho-social factors 19932005 2001 2008 2
1 Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney198964 1. 2. 3. 1 1. 2. 3. 1999 298-302. 1999 99-105 3
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somatization 2 (disease) (illness) -- disease 2 disease Oxford English Dictionary illness illness The quality or condition of being ill (in various senses) 1. Bad moral quality, condition, or character; wickedness, depravity; evil conduct; badness. 2. Unpleasantness, disagreeableness; troublesomeness; hurtfulness, noxiousness; badness. 3. Bad or unhealthy condition of the body (or, formerly, of some part of it); the condition of being ill ; disease, ailment, sickness, malady. Kleinman 1975 illness emic disease etic 1999127-181 7
8 disease entity illness 1. 2. 3. Wen1998 1990 1972 175-193 3 premises reductionism Cartesian dualism organic functional Engel1977,1980 biopsychosocial model
2000259-273 4 Wolf19748 4 1 2 197653-110 1993 27-84 9
Wolf1974 Feuchtwang2001 2004 (patrilineal decent) 5 () () Freedman, Wolf Hsu (Freedman 1979296-312Wolf 1974168Hsu 1979527) Ahern1973 199-203 1985 2002 5 1982263-65 1. 2. ( ) 3. " " 10
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960-1120 1 2 3 24 25 24 Engel1977 bio-psycho-social model embodiment holistic 25 spiritual healing efficacy Astin 2000;132:903-910 EBMEvidence-Based Medicine 23 2274 13 57 statistically significant self-persuasion placebo effect 66
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1959 Problem and Assumption in an Anthropological Study of Religion. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 89. Freedman, Maurice. 1979 The Study of Chinese Society: Essays by Maurice Freedman. G. William Skinner. Stanford: Stanford University Press Freud, Sigmund. 1928 The Future of an Illusion. London: Hogarth Press. Seaman, Gary. 1981 In the Presence of Authority Hierarchical Roles in Chinese Spirit Medium Cults. In Arthur Kleinman and Tsung-yi Lin eds. Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Chinese Culture. Holland: D. Reidel Publishing Company. Hsu, Francis L.K. 1961 Psychological Anthropology, Approaches to Culture and Personality. Homewood, IL: The Dorsey Press. 1963 Clan,Caste and Club. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. 1983 Rugged Individualism Reconsidered, Pp. 318-331. Tennessee: The University of Tennessee Press. Jerome, D. Frank. 1960 Placebo Effect and the Role of Expectations in Persuasion and Healing. New York: Schocken. Kleinman, Arthur. 1980 Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture. California: The University of California Press. Lewis, I.M. 1971 Ecstatic Religion: A Study of Shamanism and Spirit Possession. London: Penguin Books. 2003 Ecstatic Religion: A Study of Shamanism and Spirit Possession. third edition: Pp.50-58. London: Routledge. Li, Yih-yuan. 1976 Shamanism in Taiwan- An Anthropological Inquiry. In Culture-Bound 77
Syndromes, Ethnopsychiatry, and Alternate Therapies. William P. Lebra, ed. Pp.179-188. Honolulu: University of Hawaii press Spiro, Meford E. and D Andrade Roy G.. 1966 Religion: Problem of definition and Explanation. In Anthropological Approaches to the Study of Religion. Michael Banton ed. Pp.85-120. London: Tavistock. Tseng, W.S. 1972 Psychiatric Study of Shamanism in Taiwan. Arch Gen Psyahiat; 26,561-5 Wen, J.K. 1998 Folk Belief, Illness Behavior and Mental Health in Taiwan. Chang Gung Medical Journal 21(1): 1-12. Wolf, Arthur P. 1974 Religion and Ritual in Chinese Society. Stanford Stanford University press. 78
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