091407

1. 2. 3. 4. PH 1. 2. 3. 4. 251 31PH3~4 (Brix)2~3 0.3~0.4% 1. ( ) 2. 3.PH 3~4 4. 5. 1

(Yam) 16~17% 65~73% 6~8% arginine leucinethreoninelysine ( AB1B2C ) (choline) (allantoin) (mucin) PH 6 9 PH 3~4 10 PH 6~9 PH3~4 (25%,10mins) PH Brix 2~3 0.1~0.5% ( ) PH 2

() 17.02%, ( ) PH 6 9 1984 肽 Peptide (Amino acid) () 16~17% 65~73% 6~8% Wanasundera and Ravindran 1994 arginine leucinethreoninelysine valine Ingrid et al.1993lape et al.1994wanasundera and Ravindran 1994 AB1B2C CaPFe IZnCuCoCrNi choline allantoin mucin 2% proteinglycan 48% mannan10% 3~4% (arabinose) (glucose) (galactose) (xylose) (rhamnose) 苷 (diosgenin) 苷 (dioscin) (medical steroids) ( 1997) () 3

4 ( ) ( ) () ( 1997)

酶 () () ph 6~9 PH 6 9 1984 PH 3~4 () Deeth and Tamime1981 PH 1988 1991 PH 3~4, () (), 5

( ) ( ) () (viscous polysaccharides) (mannan) 48% 10% (protein). 肽 Peptide (Amino acid) 肽 peptides () Amino acid Molar percent Amino acid Molar percent Lysine 4.04 Glycine 6.81 Histidine 1.67 Alanine 5.89 Ammonia 12.93 Valine 4.13 Arginine 5.42 Methionine 2.34 Aspartic acid 12.45 Isoleucine 3.54 Threonine 3.65 Leucine 7.23 Serine 6.66 Tyrosine 2.95 Glutamic acid 11.16 Phenylalanine 4.52 Proline 4.61 Components Moisture Ash Crude*protein Crude Crude Total Starch fat fiber sugar % 77.86 0.79 2.31 0.62 0.45 0.55 17.02 () ( ), 6

( ) PH. (). OH (dinitrosalicyclic acid) K.H.P () ( 7

(HCl) 2.4N HCl 1:175:1 100:1 4.8N HCl 1:1 3:1 1:1 3:1 25:1 1:175:1 50:1 100:1 100:1 10 1 2 PH () 1. (1) (1) PH (2) PH 2. (1) ( ) (HCl) ( ) PH (2) (1113751...) PH (3) (PH=3~4 ) 3 ( 13) (251 ) PH (311113) PH ( ) 4. (1) (Brix) (2)PH PH meter 8

(3) a. 10~20ml 100ml b. 10~20 100ml c. 20ml 2~3 50ml d.0.1nnaoh e. ml( 2~3 ) (4) (Mier1959Hughes and Lindsay198James1995) 0.1~0.29 10m1 1.5M 20 12ml 10% 100ml DNS(dinitrosalicyclic acid) lml DNS 100 5 5 ml Hitachi U~2001 540 nm (5) (Total sugar) Dubois et al1956 - phenol-sulphuric acid method 0.11g 100mL 100ppm 1mL D-glucose 10-100ppm ~ 1mL 5phenol 5mL 30 Hitachi U-2001 Spectrophotometer 488nm, 10-6 Fd V FMw/S0 1-MC% 100 (6) ( 1990) 1~2 (W1) (W) 105 (W2) A(%)={[W1-(W2-W)]/(W1)}x100 (7) ( 1990) 2~5 (W) (W1) 105 (550) 200 (W2) (%)=[(W2-W1)/W]x100 (8) ( 1990) 2~3 95~98 2~3 W W1 Soxhlet 8 55 16~18 9

95~98 W2 [(W2-W1)/W] 100 (9) ( 1990) 1.0 W 25ml 5ml35 K 2 SO 4 CuSO 4 110 Gerhardt Vapodest20 15 35NaOH 30 10 bromocresol green methy red 425ml 0.1N V1 V2 [4.38 0.014 [(V1V2) M/W] 100 (10) Sensory experiment 1991 () proteinglycan 48% mannan10% 1984Misaki et al.1972 10

( ) --- Time(min) 11

( ) 12

( ) 13

( ) PH 1. Brix Time 14

2. 3 15

4. PH Time(min) 16

5. 17

( ) PH 50:1 25:1 18

19

20

() () 21

22

(25:1)+ (1:3 (25:1) 3:11:1) (1:33:11:1) (50:1) (50:1)+ + (1:33:11:1) (1:33:11:1) (25:1) (25:1)& 3 ) 23

() ph 3 4 ; (25:1) ph 3~4 54~63 ( ) 15.3 1.1 107.3 PH3 20.1 171.6 PH4 125.3 --- 1. PH 2.HCl 3. 3:12.4NHCl 75:1 4. (25:150:1100:1) 5. (25:1) (1:3) 24

PH PH 10m 5.75 1 0.06 10m --- 6.8 5.78 1:1 1h 5.77 1 0.06 1:1 1h 1.05 7.8 5.21 2h 1.02 7 5.37 2h 5.8 2 0.1 2.4N 10m 2.28 2.8 0.16 10m 3.59 6 0.22 HCl 75:1 1h 3.91 2.5 0.26 2h 3.62 2.8 0.26 3:1 1h 2.9 5 0.19 10m 2.57 2.1 0.16 100:1 1h 4.43 2.8 0.26 2h 4.97 7 0.25 2h 4.04 2.1 0.35 10m 2.58 4 2.71 10m 0.56 10 11.43 1:1 1h 2.41 4 3.0 1:1 1h 0.76 10.8 12.07 2h 0.59 10 11.53 2h 4.34 4 2.17 4.8N 10m 1.95 2.5 0.26 10m 3.2 2 1.57 HCl 75:1 1h 2.16 0.7 0.22 2h 1.79 1.3 0.42 3.19 2.2 1.66 3:1 1h 10m 1.97 2.2 0.13 2hr 3.19 3.3 1.34 100:1 1h 3.55 2.5 0.16 2h 2.25 2.8 0.26 ( ) 2.4N HCl 75:1 10 min 1hr 2hr 0.29 0.22 0.26 0.16 0.26 0.26 2.4N HCl 75:1 PH 10 min 1hr 2hr 2.15 1.59 0.51 2.28 3.91 3.62 PH, 25

( ) 2.4N HCl 1:1 75:1 100:1 PH 10min 1hr 2hr 10min 1hr 2hr 10min 1hr 2hr 0.34 0.48 0.61 2.67 2.78 2.72 3.25 3.46 3.52 --- 1.05 1.02 2.28 3.91 3.62 2.57 4.43 4.04 PH,, 2.4N HCl 1:1 75:1 100:1 10min 1hr 2hr 10min 1hr 2hr 10min 1hr 2hr 6.2 6.2 8.0 1 1 2.1 0.4 0.4 2.1 6.8 7.8 7 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.1 2.8 2.1,, () PH 1..4 2. 3. 4. 0.3~0.4 5. PH 3~4 6. 2.4N 751 251 251 7. 8. 501 1:3 9. 26

( ). mucin allantion choline AB1B2 C PH(3~4), () PH 6~9,, PH3~4 () 2.4N4.8NHCl (25%,10mins) PH, () Brix 2~3 () () ( ( ) 0.1~0.5% ( ) () 27

() T ( 1993) () DioscoreaL. Dioscorea japonica 10 20 Bifidobacterium Lactobacilli Clostridiumperfringens 1.Bifidobacterium Lactobacilli 20 2. MDA 3. Superoxide dismutasesod 4. () PH (25:1) (1:3) ph 肽 peptides 28

肽 peptides 2001 2000 2001 1984 (Dioscorea alata Linn.) 22(1 2): 8894. 1984 (Dioscorea alata Linn.) 22(12): 95101. 1996 pp.164166. 1992 1 41(2):140158 1994 5(3):167183 1995 6(2):111 126 29

201-212 1985 12(3-4): 1992 1997 19: 79. 2000 197:4145 2000 208:5055 1994 P.81 2001 Misaki, A., Ito, T., Harada, T. 1972. Comstitutional studies on the mucilage of yamanoimo, Diossscorea batatas Decne, forma Tsukune. Isolation and structure of a mannan. Agri. Biol. Chem. 36 (50):761-771 30