7 Journal of Theater Studies 2011 1 1-36 歌 之 為 言 長 言 之 也 曲 唱 發 聲 理 論 初 探 前 言 1 1 2006 2-1-
一 漢 語 歌 唱 發 聲 理 論 : 從 詩 樂 嘯 歌 詞 唱 到 曲 唱 ( 一 ) 漢 語 歌 唱 對 歌 聲 的 審 美 要 求 2 3 2 2007 177-178 3 1962 43 64-2-
4 210-263 5 231-273 6 7 296-349 8 9 4 5 48 5 1974 1362 6 1997 18 752 7 751 8 661 9 18 752-756 -3-
10 11 12 1610-1680 13 1597-1679 14 441-513 10 1980 1 269-270 11 1981 143-144 12 1959 1 159 13 7 102-103 14 1996 5 152-4-
15 16 1031-1095 17 18 1489-1566 15 2009 12-13 16 1987 900 17 1975 61 18 5 7-5-
19 20 ( 二 ) 段 安 節 : 遏 雲 響 谷 之 術 卽 卽 21 22 1. 2. 23 19 5 20 6 21 1 46 22 2010 83 23-6-
卽 24 3. ( 三 ) 用 氣 與 呼 吸 24 83-7-
25 43 64 26 1545 ( 四 ) 調 氣 與 出 聲 - 401 25 26-8-
27 ( 五 ) 從 發 聲 原 理 看 字 正 腔 圓 27 1986 10-13 -9-
28 1104-1162 29 30 31 32 33 28 2003 29 1995 353 30 1975 61 31 718 32 1999 12 33 2003 13 24-10-
二 聲 韻 學 與 曲 唱 發 聲 理 論 沈 寵 綏 : 切 法 即 唱 法 34 35 卽 36 duo d uong duong ng 34 5 223 35 225 36 223-224 -11-
37 38 37 198 38 1994 3 473-12-
39 40 hao a siao i a ia 1873-1952 41 42 39 228 40 222 41 1925 1 37 42 222-13-
三 曲 唱 發 聲 理 論 體 系 的 完 成 徐 大 椿 : 聲 音 之 道 在 口 法 43 1693-1771 44 ( 一 ) 出 聲 : 頭 腹 相 拼, 聲 各 有 形, 著 力 有 位 45 43 198 44 7 152 45 159-14-
46 47 48 duong d u o zhong zh o 49 50 51 46 160 47 159 48 152 49 152 50 161 51 161-15-
52 53 54 55 52 161 53 161 54 35 55 353-16-
56 57 58 59 56 353 57 353 58 344 59 34-17-
gong o shang a jue e zhi i yü ü hou ya she chi chun o a e i u 60 ü 61 1982 5 60 2000 o a e ü 2001 ü e ü u 61 162-18-
hou h ou 62 63 62 2006 40 63 162-19-
64 65 66 64 172 65 172 66-20-
67 68 castrato 67 1982 34 68-21-
69 70 71 72 69 162 70 178 71 38 72 39-22-
73 74 1 2 75 76 mixed voice Mixed Voice 73 179 74 43-44 75 12 76 1996 340-23-
77 78 79 80 77 43 78 79 176 80 1985 52-24-
( 二 ) 轉 聲 : 引 長 字 腹, 出 音 必 純, 一 線 到 底 81 82 83 81 180 82 176 83 180-25-
84 兪 85 86 84 170 85 12 86 348-26-
87 88 89 卽 87 16 14-23 88 7 89 168-169 -27-
90 ( 三 ) 收 聲 : 腹 尾 相 連, 一 當 重 頓, 一 當 輕 勒 卽 91 腭 90 160 91 170-28-
92 uong iang -i ng -i 93 94 結 語 : 長 言 之 旨, 本 於 聲 韻 95 92 170 93 170 94 171 95 1544-29-
卽 -30-
卽 卽 卽 卽 -31-
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歌 之 為 言 長 言 之 也 曲 唱 發 聲 理 論 初 探 關 鍵 詞 : 用 氣 口 法 出 聲 轉 聲 收 聲 -33-
To Sing is to Prolong the Sound of Words in Verse An Exploration of Chinese Vocalization Siu-sun KOO Honorary Lecturer, School of Chinese, The University of Hong Kong The vocalization of each nation s vocal music is closely connected with the phonetic characteristics of its language. Phonetic characteristics influence the aesthetics of vocal music and thus also influence the method of vocalization. Chinese vocal music (here refers mainly to Han language music) has a long recorded heritage of at least five thousand years. It is natural that Chinese vocal music has its own method of vocalization. The method has been developed gradually along with the practice of Chinese vocal art (Poetry Singing, Ci singing, Qu singing, etc.) and has constructed a quite sophisticated system. Early in the time of The Book of History and The Book of Songs, four or five thousand years ago, the Chinese theorists had already discovered how the pronunciation of words (zi, Chinese characters) is related to vocalization. They found that to sing is but to prolong the sound of words in verse. From then on, theorists of all dynasties successively explored the Principle of Word Prolonging (chang yan zhi zhi) which they took as the basic theory of Chinese vocalization. The study of Classical Chinese phonology sheng yun xue, the learning of tones and phonetics is mainly orientated towards vocalization. Important theories of qie yun (a traditional method of pronouncing a Chinese character (zi) by showing it through two other characters, one with the same initial consonant and the other with the same vowel(s) and final consonant) and deng yun (pronouncing zi by adjusting the mouth and lips in four degrees of opening and closing) had already become theories of Chinese vocalization. This thesis presents the whole heritage in retrospect. Key Words: yong qi (breath control) kou fa (articulation methods singing technique adapting the pronounciation of a zi) chu sheng (singing the initial consonant plus the vowel part of a zi) zhuan sheng (singing the vowel part of a zi with grace notes) shou sheng (singing the final consonant of a zi) -34-
徵 引 書 目 2002 1962 1925 2010 2002 2009 2006 7 1959 2000 1996 1980 2003 1997 1994 1974 1 1959 1986 1982 2003 7 1959 1995 1985 2007 2006 1995 1987 1 1959 1999 2001 5 1959-35-
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