1 2745 2011 3 Natural Resource Environment and Humans No. 1, March 2011. pp. 2745. 12 1 2 I. Y. Shevkomud 3 M. V. Gorshikov 3 S. F. Kositsyna 3 E. A. Bochkaryova 3 1 2010 12 6 4 5 300 12 2003, 20032005, 2004 2003 1 E-mail: meiji-ob@kokuyou.ne.jp 2 3 N. I. 27

2 2010 N. I. 2011 2010 9 12 1980 A. P. and 1973 1975 1990 et al. 1992, 1993 12,960120 YBP, 10,875 90 YBP, 11,34060 YBP 13,260100 YBP, 10,345110 YBP 1999 19261927 M. M. 1983 A. P. 1935 1995 1960 28

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et al. 2009 YBP 1 4 1991 AA36277 12,92565 2 4 1991 AA36278 12,68065 3 4 1991 AA36279 12,61060 4 4 1991 AA36281 12,36060 5 1980 1781 12,960120 6 1987 GEO1413 11,34060 7 1987 AA13393 10,87590 8 1992 AA13392 13,260100 9 1992 AA13391 10,375110 10 1997 AA23130 10,54070 11 1997 COAH3826 12,150110 12 1 1 1995 LLNL102169 12,50060 13 1 1 1995 AA25437 12,05575 14 1 1 2001 Tka13005 11,340110 15 1 1 1995 LLNL102168 10,59060 16 1 1 2001 TKa13007 10,55080 17 1 1 1996 AA25438 10,28070 18 1 1 1996 AA25439 10,28070 19 1 1 1995 GaK18981 9,890230 20 16 16 2000 AA60758 11,36560 21 16 16 2000 TKa12951 11,140110 22 10 10 2001 TKa12954 10,760150 23 2 2 2001 TKa12952 4,5670980 24 3 3 2003 COAH5477 8,175190 25 3 3 2003 AA60755 13035 26 10 10 2001 BA01181 5,25050 27 10 10 2001 TKa12953 5,95080 28 10 10 2001 TKa12955 5,240140 29 1970 410 6,900260 30 1992 6945 7,760120 31 1997 COAH3583 12,425850 32 1992 AA13394 42,8001,900 40 km 1972 500 km 1 1 1520 km 30

et al. 2001 510 m 2002 1 1997 2003 3 1999 10 2005 2004 2 10 2003 2003 16 2004 1999 10 1 2005 1 1996 7 1997 1998 1998 4 31

and 2002 1 2009 2004 Kuzmin and Shevkomud 2003 2006 1 13,000 YBP10,000 YBP I. Ya. 1 12,000 YBP 10,000 YBP 1998, Kuzmin and Shevkomud 2003 12 3 GPS 1545 m 58 3 20 2010 I. 2000 N. I. 2010 9 7 9 13 I. M. S. E. 10 29 11 8 12 2000 I. 3 No. 3 5050 cm 2010 1 m1 m 6 32 m 4 6 4 1 2 3 4 32

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4 1.3 1 0.3 5 1.6 5 1.6 1 0.3 2 0.7 1 0.3 2 0.7 285 93.1 306 306 2 5 6 4 5 5 6 a 2 3 4 B1 A1 B3 1991 2000 2010 1/2 1/2 306 34

No. No. cm cm cm g 1 A2 4 005S 7.3 1.9 1.5 22.0 2 B3 5 048S 3.8 2.1 0.6 5.6 3 A3 6 001S 5.4 2.1 0.6 6.1 4 A3 5 025S 3.7 1.5 0.7 3.1 5 B1 6 041S 8.3 3.8 1.9 49.5 6 B3 5 035S 5.5 3.9 1.2 26.5 7 B3 6 095S 5.1 3.3 1.4 28.9 8 B1 5 013S 6.1 4.1 1.1 25.8 9 B2 2 002S 5.7 3.0 1.1 17.2 10 B1 6 012S 9.7 7.0 1.3 74.4 11 B3 3 022S 4.0 2.0 0.4 3.3 12 B3 3 019S 8.0 2.8 0.8 21.4 13 B2 4 041S 054S 5.7 4.1 0.6 5.5 2 14 A3 5 026S 5.7 4.2 1.1 21.6 15 B2 3 001S 3.5 2.8 0.7 4.9 16 A3 2 001S 4.7 3.5 0.9 8.2 17 B1 6 094S 5.2 4.5 0.9 21.0 18 B2 4 040S 7.9 3.6 1.2 37.9 19 A3 4 019S 5.3 5.1 4.3 61.1 20 A1 4 002S 3.0 7.3 3.9 100.0 2 4 1 5 5 1 2 1 2 285 2 5 4 58, 3 14 51 5 6 2 3 4 18 59 5 6, 7 8, 9 35

6 8, 9 7 9 1013 10 11, 12 13 10 11, 12 12 13 2 17 1989 15, 1615 16 14 2003 20 17 10 2123 21 22 1989 23 1315 18, 19, 21 9 14, 15, 19 19, 2019 19 14 36

37

38

39

7 2 3 2, 3, 12 1 2001 2, 3 2001, p.165 9 4 15 915 5 10 1 923 40

2 5 2 3 3 4 5 5 4 1 2 2010 12 5 72, 3 1 2003 12 2002 10 2003 41

1 2N001K A2 10YR3/1 10YR6/4 10YR5/4 2 2N002K 3N001K B1 2.5Y4/1 7.5YR4/3 10YR5/1 10YR4/1 3 2N003K B2 10YR3/1 5YR6/1 5YR5/6 10YR3/1 4 6N001K A3 7.5YR6/6 2.5Y4/1 7.5YR6/6 2.5Y4/1 5 6N003K B3 10YR6/4 7.5YR7/6 10YR3/1 1 0.10.3 cm 0.1 cm 2 0.1 cm 0.1 cm 0.1 cm 3 0.1 cm 0.1 cm 0.1 cm 4 0.10.4 cm 0.1 cm 0.3 cm 5 0.10.3 cm 5 cm 12 12 6 m 2 42

12 4 B0 0 m 5 5 8 5 6 6 2004 3 10 13 15 19 20 7 2010 2009 N. I. N.N. 1 Shevkomud 2008 17 10 2 20032004 2004 3 2011 70 8 and 2010 1983, 1992, 1975.. 1993 1980.. I. Shevkomud, I.Gorshkov, M.Kositsena S.Bochkaryova E. 2011 12 77 1998 684296-304 2006 117133 21 COE 2003 10 4 1114 1991 p. 302 2001 712160165 43

2003 8380 84 2004 5191520 1972 197223234 1999 23157170 Kuzmin, Y. V., Shevkomud, I. Y. 2003 The Paleolithic- Neolithic cultural complexes from The Russian Far East. Journal of East Asian Archaeology. 3: 34. 227 253. Leiden. Society for East Asian Archaeology. 1999 3 3 Project Amur. 3653. Tsukuba. 1995 1993 228 237. 2004 129139 21 COE I. Ya. S. F. M. V. 2003 1 2001 647382 I. Ya. Shevkomud M. V. Gorshkov S. F. Kositsyna 2005 10 117124 1973 1980 1935 19351976 352 1999 1997 1 443102 117 1996 253256 2001 2002 4 1425 2002 2003 10 6370 2004 16 194197 2009 746 2010 80 5072 2004 p. 87 1989 2 391530 2011 2 25 2011 2 27 44

Emergence period of pottery in the lower Amur River Basin, Russia 1: Preliminary report of the excavation at Oshinovaya rechika 12 site in 2010 Jun Hashizume, Kazunori Uchida Igor Y. Shevkomud, Maxim V. Gorshikov Svetlana F. Kositsyna, Ekaterina A. Bochkaryova Akira Ono Abstract The Osipovka culture complex contains some of the earliest pottery discovered anywhere in the world. Not only that, Oshipovka culture complex is an important case study of the relationship between environmental change and human behavior in the transition period from Pleistocene to Holocene. The goal of the study is to examine human behavior as determined from the Oshipovka culture complex. The purpose of this paper is to report on the results of our investigation so far in this area. Since 2010 new excavations have been carried out at the Oshinovaya rechika 12 site by a joint Russian- Japanese research team. This site is located on the terrace near the confluence of the Ussuri and Amur Rivers in Far East Russia. The excavation revealed six layers. Layer 4 to the top of layer 5 holds the artifacts of Oshipovka culture complex. Pottery fragments and more than 300 lithic tools have been excavated including bifacial points, various type scrapers, ax-shaped tools, unifacial tools and flakes. Microblade and microcore has not been excavated at this site. This new research expands the scope of information about site formation process and lithics reduction process of the Oshipovka culture. These issues require further study. Keywords: lower Amur River Basin, Osipovka culture complex, Pleistocene-Holocene transition, Oshinovaya rechika 12 site 45