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512-2 -

Acker 1990 1996 1998 non-human capital Becker 1997 Quisumbing 1994 Davies and Zhang 1995 1996 56 1995 Greenhalgh 1985 80 ETtoday 2002/08/24 1 2000 2002/05/06 2 1976 Williamson 1976 1 http //news.yam.com/ettoday/today_focus/news/200208/200208241233120400.html 2002/11/28 2 http //be1.udnnews.com/2002/5/6/news/opinion/public-forum/809698.shtml 2002/11/28-3 -

preference Greenhalgh 1985 1993 1991 1 3 1994 Lin1998Lin 1999 Lin 2001 Lin 2001 the circumstantial approach Scott 1990 1996 1993 3-4 -

1999 Lin 1998 2001 1999 Greenhalgh 1985 Intergeneration Contract Theory 1994 2000 2000-5 -

1. 1997 1998 1994 1996urbanization Lin 2001 1990 2001 2. 1985 4 1993 24.6 2001 1996 4 1985 1981 1984-6 -

1999 3. household major site important devicelin 1998 1993 1996 1993 1994 2000 1960 1960-7 -

1960 1991 1998 4. Lin 2001 Becker 1997 p.250lin 2001 Lin 2001 Greenhalgh 1985 1993-8 -

1991 1949 1998 Lin 2001 Lin 1998 2001 Williamson 1976 1990 1994 1993 1999 2001 20 94 1979 512 1 1-9 -

1. 0. 5 1 0 1. 2. 40 41 60 61 40 5-10 -

61 1907 1930 2003 41 60 1941 1960 1960 40 1960 1980 1980 40 3. 4. A. B. C. 1993-11 -

D. Lin 1998 1 0 Lin 2001 gender-biased inheritance practices Lin 2001 Lin 2001 Lin 2001 38.9 21.2 75.8 6 6-12 -

68 60.3 53.1 43.675.4 66.771.2 66 62.2 68.5 66.7 66.6 84.6 71.249 70.8 50.3 69.1 1. A B C D A p<0.05-13 -

B 61 B C 61 C D 61 D 2. - 14 -

A B C A 40 61 B 61 B C C 3. 1 2.7 3.7 A B C - 15 -

8.9 15.9 1993 Lin 1998 1999 2.7 3.4 10 16.8-16 -

2001 1997 1998 1994 1996 1985 1993 19942000 1960 1960-17 -

1999 Greenhalgh 1985 7 Lin 2001 Lin 1998 1993 1999 7 Greenhalgh 1985-18 -

- 19 -

social network 512 100 248 48.4 264 51.6 422 84.9 43 8.7 32 6.4-20 -

40 117 22.9 41 60 253 49.4 61 142 27.7 37 79.9 475 7.2 413 81.5 36 7.1 58 11.4 407 85.2 58 12.1 13 2.7 18 306 61.3 95 19.0 98 19.6 18 36 7.2 69 13.9 301 60.4 92 18.5 446 97.3 66 2.7-21 -

10 1 0 40 41 60 61 10 10-22 -

36 7.3 34 8.2 2 4.7 0 0.0 191 38.9 152 36.5 22 51.2 17 53.1 35 7.1 28 6.7 3 7.0 4 12.5 104 21.2 90 21.6 8 18.6 6 18.8 26 5.3 24 5.8 1 2.3 1 2.3 16 3.3 15 3.6 0 0.0 1 3.1 83 16.9 73 17.6 7 16.3 3 9.4 491 100 416 100 43 100 32 100-23 -

c2 test 512 64.7 35.4 248 48.4 68.6 31.5 3.2* 264 51.6 61.0 39.0 6.6** 422 84.9 68.0 32.0 43 8.7 60.5 39.5 32 6.4 46.9 53.1 11.1*** 40 117 22.9 56.4 43.6 41 60 253 49.4 62.5 37.6 61 142 27.7 75.4 24.7-24 -

37 7.2 37.8 62.2 12.5*** 475 92.8 66.7 33.3 19.7*** 413 81.5 68.5 31.5 36 7.1 33.3 66.7 58 11.4 56.9 43.1 15.8*** 407 85.2 66.6 33.4 58 12.1 56.9 43.1 13 2.7 15.4 84.6 18 14.7*** 306 61.3 71.2 28.8 95 19.0 60.0 40.0 98 19.6 51.0 49.0 18 18.0*** 36 7.2 41.7 50.3 69 13.9 52.2 47.8 301 60.4 70.8 29.2 92 18.5 64.1 35.9 29.4*** 446 97.3 69.1 30.9 66 2.7 34.9 65.2 * p<0.10 ** p<0.05 *** p<0.01-25 -

=1 =0 A. B. A C.B+ D. C+ - 26 -

=0 0.879** 0.369 0.782** 0.374 0.819** 0.376-0.046 0.508 0.955 0.550 0.472 0.500 0.477 0.559 0.481-0.313 0.617 0.731 40 =0 41 60 0.259 0.234 0.073 0.250-0.049 0.289 0.952 61 0.869*** 0.280 0.679** 0.301 0.904** 0.367 2.469 =0 0.966** 0.386 1.144** 0.463 3.139 =0-1.178** 0.504 0.308-0.507 0.345 0.602 =0 0.572 0.378 1.772-1.491* 0.900 0.225 =0-2.185* 1.184 0.113-2.117* 1.187 0.120 =0 0.234 0.548 1.264-0.985 1.236 0.373 0.977* 0.518 2.658-27 -

=0 2.087*** 0.348 8.064 Constant -0.125-0.390-1.178-0.980 Log Likelihood -315.483-310.084-306.891-244.946 Pseudo- R 2 0.010 0.027 0.037 0.159 N 497 497 497 452 * p<0.10 ** p<0.05 *** p<0.01 =1 =0 A. B.A+ C.B+ - 28 -

40 =0 41 60 0.265 0.259 0.030 0.278-0.086 0.321 0.918 61 0.911*** 0.305 0.682** 0.320 0.904** 0.396 2.470 =0 1.159*** 0.427 1.385*** 0.507 3.993 =0-1.943** 0.641 0.143-0.518 0.374 0.596 =0 0.709 0.433 2.031-0.537 1.083 0.585 =0-1.925 1.206 0.146-1.755 1.224 0.173 =0-0.100 0.628 0.905-0.746 1.282 0.474 1.000* 0.578 2.718 =0 2.020*** 0.369 7.536 Constant -0.390-0.517-1.367-29 -

Log Likelihood -310.084-255.603-204.464 Pseudo- R 2 0.027 0.034 0.168 N 497 422 387 * p<0.10 ** p<0.05 *** p<0.01-30 -

Becker, Gary S.1997 1991 171-184 1985 17 1-14 1997 191-212 199819 1-32 1996 3 367-390 1990 35-65 1993 101-160 1999 11 4475-528 2000 90 1-38 - 31 -

2003188 70 64-77 1995 1996 23 56-61 1994 23 1-34 1994 24 185-125 199619 57-93 200129 2117-152 1996 20 49-84 1933 An Introduction to the Study of the Hakkas in Its Ethnic, Historical, and Cultural Aspects. 1998 9 187 204-32 -

Acker, Joan, 1990, Hierarchies, Jobs, Bodies: A Theory of Gendered Organizations. Gender Society, 4(2): 139-158. Davies, J. B. and J. Zhang, 1995, Gender Bias, Investment in Children, and Bequest. International Economic Review., 36(3): 795-819. Greenhalgh, Susan, 1985, Sexual Stratification: The Other Side of Growth with Equity in East Asia. Population and Development Review, 11(2): 265-314. Lin, Holin, 1998, Gender Culture as Economic Determinant Household Recourse Allocation Strategies Among Ethnic Groups in Taiwan. 10(4): 611-659. Lin, Holin, 2001, Are Daughters Family Member? Ethnic Variations of Gender-Biased Inheritance Practice in Taiwan. Presented at The Sixth Women in Asia Conference, held from September 23-26, at Canberra, Australia. 1994, International Transfers in Philippine Rice Village: Gender Differences in Traditional Inheritance Customs. Journal of Development Economics, 43: 167-195. Scott, George M., 1990, A Resynthesis of the Primordinal and the Circumstantial Approaches to Ethnic Group Solidarity: Toward An Explanatory Model. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 13: 147-171. Williamson, N. E., 1976, Sons or Daughters: A Cross-Cultural Survey of Parental Preferences, Beverly Hills: Sage Publications. - 33 -