despair anxiety Angst Rosa Dartle

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1 Byronic hero Thomas Carlyle DOI: /j.cnki.cn /i Steerforth Yarmouth Peggotty 1 Banquo 66

2 despair anxiety Angst Rosa Dartle

3 Mrs. Gaskell 5 character- 20 building Miss Trotwood 234 Sartor Resartus Bildung 7 Diogenes Teufelsdr ckh respectability Pedagogy Teufelsdr ckh Teufelsdr ckh Samuel Smiles 68

4 8 Teufelsdr ckh Emily Arthur Clen- nam Sydney Carton Eugene Wray- burn Richard Carstone 304 Daisy Lilies despair 207 Fagin 69

5 瑏瑡 Island of Despair 瑏瑢瑏瑨 homeless 瑏瑣瑏瑤 The Sickness Unto Death possibility necessary trivi- 瑏瑥 al 瑏瑦 351 瑏瑧 despair to despair over something 70

6 瑐瑡 void Henry Sidgwick sympathy 瑏瑩瑐瑠 hero 2008 Akrasia 13 hero 71

7 瑐瑢 Salem House 瑐瑨 133 瑐瑣瑐瑤瑐瑩 phenomenon 瑐瑥 / / / 瑐瑦 / / / / / 瑐瑧

8 Dora Agnes Wickfield conversion 瑑瑠 19 73

9 瑑瑡瑑瑢 Thomas Carlyle Hero and Hero-Worship Lincoln Universi- Press 1987 p ty of Nebraska Press 瑏瑡 p 瑏瑢 p. 52. 瑏瑣 1958 p. 35. 瑏瑤瑏瑥 11 4 瑏瑦瑏瑧 Alastair Hannay despair 瑏瑨 S ren Kierkegaard Sickness unto Death London Penguin 1989 p. 64. 瑏瑩 Kierkegaard Sickness unto Death p Charles Dickens David Copperfield London Penguin 瑐瑠 Jerome Buckley The Victorian Temper New York Books 2004 pp Vintage Books George Levine The Realistic Imagination Chicago The University of Chicago Press 2 James William Johnson The Adolescent Hero A Modern Felicia Bonaparte The Poetics of Trend Twentieth-Century Literature pp. 3 - Poesis Charlottesville University of Virginia Press Forthcoming 11. December 2015 The Crisis of Reli- 3 Tempest 55 gion Becky Sharp Jane Dorothea Brooke 瑐瑢 Richard Altick Victorian People and Ideas New York Norton 1973 pp 瑐瑣 7 8 / / / Michael Goldberg Carlyle and Dickens Athens The University of Georgia Press 1972 Thomas Carlyle Sartor Resartus Oxford Oxford University Charles Dickens Oliver Twist London Penguin 2002 Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe New York Norton 1994 William Barrett Irrational Man New York Doubleday Jerome Buckley The Victorian Temper 20 瑐瑡 Andrew Miller The Burden of Perfection Ithaca Cornell U- niversity Press 2011 pp David Copperfield 1 William Harvey Charles Dickens and the Byronic Hero Nineteenth Century Fiction

10 瑐瑤瑐瑥瑐瑦瑐瑧瑐瑨 Harry McCraw Growing Up Absurd Byron s Don Juan Donald Stone The Romantic Impulse in Victorian Fiction Cambridge Harvard University Press Kathleen Tillotson ed. The Letters of Charles Dickens Oxford Oxford University Press 1981 v. 5 p. 594 p Copperfield Victorian Literature and Culture p 瑐瑩 Studies and Relevance 1973 pp Jerome Buckley Season of Youth The Bildungsroman from Dickens to Goldberg Cambridge Harvard University Press 1974 pp 瑑瑠 Buckley Season of Youth p. 40. 瑑瑡瑑瑢 Michel Léger Triangulation and Homoeroticism in David Martha Nassbaum Love s Knowledge Essays on Philosophy and Literature New York Oxford University Press 1990 pp

11 Stephen s Aesthetics and Joyce s Irony ZHANG Zhichao In the fifth chapter of A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Stephen talks about his aesthetics and it is Joyce s aesthetic thought to a certain extent. Many scholars view this part of the novel as an important clue to Joycean studies. They equal it with Joyce s own aesthetic theory and a manifesto of his writing. This view not only confuses the boundaries between author and protagonist raw material and fiction but blurs a unique characteristic of this novel irony. The logical paradox of the aesthetic theory in the novel the gap between Stephen s own theory and practice the broad meaning of the aesthetic element all indicate that Stephen s so-called aesthetics is actually part of Joyce s ironic art. To achieve the irony Joyce has to stand aloof from his past and examine it. Feminist Criticism of Frankenstein as the Mother-Lode of Feminist Criticism ZHU Yanyan The criticism of Frankenstein called the mother-lode of feminist criticism grows with the development of feminist criticism. The research on the critical history of Frankenstein traces the theoretical and methodological development of feminist criticism of this novel back to the 1970s. Also the study of the feminist criticism of Frankenstein reveals the inter-textual relation among literary creation child birth and female experience. It also presents the dynamic coherence between the critical development of feminism and the shifting critical focus on Frankenstein. Literature the Great Art of Telling Truth On the Theme of Literature in Billy Budd DAI Xianmei Billy Budd the 19th century American writer Herman Melville s novella free from the habitually didactic intention in Anglo-American literature seems to reveal such a message literature especially fiction as one of the narrative forms deserves the honor of great art of telling truth Melville s words on Shakespeare s works with its multiple perspectives via various allusions from mythological biblical literary and philosophical canons methods and solid details penetrating the blinding cover formed by the historical discourse the political propagandas and the authoritative books of various kinds to touch the core of truth. This paper intends to interpret the literary efforts made by Melville to expose the concealed truths in human history politics and life and to create his expected American national literature in Billy Budd. Power of Despair Rereading David Copperfield NA Hai Starting with an investigation of despair exhibited by Steerforth in David Copperfield this article first exmaines the existential implications of this despair. Steerforth s tragedy captures the annihilating power of despair a spiritual death which according to Kierkegaard renders man incapable of making 154

12 any choice. Then the article proceeds to analyze the different facets of this spiritual condition and argues that Steerforth is at the same time a Byronic hero a dandy in the Carlylean sense and a doubly-orphaned child. The discussion culminates in the argument that the journey through despair to affirmation is the essential theme in a Bildungsroman like David Copperfield. The completion of David s Bildung requires him to realize that he is also affected by despair that he needs to be disillusioned from his childhood hero Steerforth and finally that he needs to ask himself the fundamental existential question Who I am In the end the article discusses the plot of David s two marriages and questions the way in which Dickens uses the plot to complete David s quest for identity. Law Justice and Christian Love in King Lear FENG Wei In King Lear the king is both the symbol of justice and the source of law. However as both the biggest land owner and the sovereign of England King Lear craves love more than anyone else at the moment when he resigns from his rule. This paper argues that both law and justice must be based upon power and violence while love must be unconditional that both law and justice serve as the foundations of a nation and a society while love exists between individuals that law presupposes self-autonomy while love demands self-denial and self sacrifice that law and justice are reciprocal but love is self-transcendence and rejects the cause-and-effect logic. The tension among law justice and love runs throughout this great Shakespearean tragedy. The Rural Space in Virginia Woolf s Fiction and Its Cultural Implications QI Liang Woolfian Studies mostly focus on Woolf s representation of the city ignoring her portrayal of the country. Taking Mrs Dalloway Orlando and The Years as examples the present thesis intends to examine the rural space in Woolf s fiction and its cultural implications. The rural image and atmosphere in Woolf s fiction is related on the one hand to the pastoral tradition in English culture and on the other to the intellectuals rethinking of England s national identity in the face of British Empire s decline. Exhibiting to its full the harmonious relationship between man and nature and between men themselves rural space in Woolf s fiction is set in prominent contrast to the oppressive metropolitan culture that serves to highlight and maintain the authority of the Empire and is therefore an effective anti-colonial writing strategy for Woolf. Metafictional Strategies in Margaret Drabble s The Seven Sisters WANG Taohua Margaret Drabble employs a variety of metafictional strategies in her novel The Seven Sisters disclosing the writing process by showing the inconsistency among different parts and sentences to expose their fictionality changing points of view and employing unreliable narrators to show the linguistic construction of the novel parodying the traditional journalistic form and classic heroic romance to deconstruct the nar- 155

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* DOI:10.16345/j.cnki.cn11-1562/i.2015.04.011 Margaret Drabble 1939-1969 The Waterfall 2002 The Seven Sisters 1 3 2 * 2011 11CWW014 91 2015 4 140 4 5 } contradiction permutation short circuit 6 8 liar