穨研究內容.PDF

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1 The functions of turfgrass : (turfgrass) (ground cover) (grass) (soil erosion) (landscape beauty) (sports field) (1-1) (thatch).. (runoff) (sod) (1-2). (dust storm) (muddy swamp) (1-3). (mowing) 1

(landscape beauty) (sports field) (1-1) 1-1. 1-2.

2 (community) 20~30% (1-4, 1-5, 1-6). (perennial). (1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-10,1-11). 15 x ~9000 (540~810 ) 2 (transpiration)

3 (1-12, 1-13, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16)

4 Warm-season turfgrasses ~32 27~ (2-1) (2-2)Cynodon 9, Cynodon dactylon 4 2 Bermudagrass Kweekgrass Couchgrass 90 2~5 2~16 2~5 3~7 3~ ~

. 100 (2-1) (2-2)Cynodon 9, Cynodon dactylon 4 2

5 . 1. U-3 (Cynodon dactylon) Sunturf (Cynodon magennissii) C. dactylon C.transvaalensis Tiflawn (Cynodon sp.) Tifgreen (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) C. dactylon C. transvaalensis Tifgreen, Tifgreen Tifgreen (spring dead spot) (ground pearl) 5. Texturf-10 (C. dactylon)1957 (green up) 6. Tifway (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) Tifgreen 7. Ormond (C. dactylon) Midway (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) Tifdrawf (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) Tifgreen Tifdrawf Tifgreen, Pee Dee(C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) 1968 Tifgreen 11. Midiron1966 5

dactylon)1957 (green up) 6. Tifway (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis) 1954 1960 Tifgreen 7. Ormond (C. dactylon) 1962 8. Midway (C. dactylon * C. transvaalensis)1965 9.

6 12. Midmo 13. Santa Ana 14. Tifgreen Tifgreen 15. Tifway 1/8 16. Tifcote 17. Westwood Bermudagrass Cynodon L.C. Rich Common-type, U-3, common, ormand, Tifgreen, Tifway, Tifdwarf, Midiron, Midiron, C.transvaalensis, etc /, ~2.5 5~10 / 6

7 (2-3) 18 Zarl von Zois 1911 Zoysia matrella Zoysia tenufolia (2-4), 5 1:2:1 1, ( ) 7

8 . 1. Zoysia japonica 2. Meyer 1941 Zoysia japonica 1951 Meyer Frank N. Meyer Meyer 3. Belair Zoysia japonica Meyer 4. El Toro Belair 5. Zoysia matrella Zoysia tenuifolia 7. Emerald Zoysia japonica Zoysia tenuifolia Zoysia japonica Zoysia tenuifolia Zoysia matrella 2-2. Zoysiagrass Zoysia spp. MeyerEmerald,etc / 1.2~2.5 ( 5-15 / ) 5~15 / 8

9 (14) ~5 (15) 4~6 6~ ph 7 ph 2,4-D DCPA (ground pearls). 1.Oklawn Hardy 3.AU Centennial

10 2-3. Centipedegrass Eremocchloa ophiuroides(munro) Hack Oaklawn, Common, etc., 2 / 2.5~5.0 5~10 / (2-7) 1.25 (2-8) 10

11 ~10 5 1~2 1 5, 2.4-D., (Tropical carpetgrass; Axonopus compressus (Swartz) Beauv. ) 2-4. Common carpetgrass Axonopus affinis Chase 2500 / 2.5~5.0 8~25 / 11

12 ( 2-9), ph5.5~7.5 (ground covers) (2-10 ) l.5~ ~5.0 2,4- D (atrazine). l.bitter blue 2.Floratinel957 3.Floratam 12

13 4.Raleigh: 5.Seville, 6.Texas Common 2-5. St. Augustinegrass Stenotaphrom secundatum(walt.)kuntze Bitter blue, Floratam, Raleigh, Sevile, Texas common,etc 8800 / 2.5~ ~3.8 /

14 .. (sand knotgrass) 1935 (2-11), ph 4.0~9.8 ; 250 1/8 Tifdrawf (2-12 ) 1965 Carnes King crossing Fairbanks Ranch ( ) :... 4~ / / 10~15 / / : BentasanBalanPrograssDrive DimensionGallery Ronstar SurflowAsuloxAatrexSencorDaconateVentagePrincep Image, Buecs, Trimer, Plus, Turflon, Ester, Trimer classic, Confront, Acclaim, Adalayd (Excalibre Palm desert Bay city 14

15 2-6. Seashore paspalum Paspalum vaginatum Swartz Excaliber, Futurf 600 / 3.8~6.4 20~40 / (2-13 ) 2~3 3~4 bur 5~l0 6~8 80% 20% 15

16 4~5 7~l0 20~30 (2-14 ) 8~10 600mm, 0.5~2.0, 0.5~ ~3. 1. Pririe , , 5. Stamede 6. Cody, 7. Tatanka, 8. Bison, 9. Texokao, 10. Sharp s improved, 11.Topgun, 12. Piains, 16

378, 5. Stamede 6. Cody, 7. Tatanka, 8. Bison, 9.

17 2-7. Buffalograss Buchloe dactyides (Nutt.) Engelm Sharp Improved, Common, Texoka, etc.,,, 2~6 / ;110, 1.3~3.8 15~35 / (2-15 ) 1.5~2.5 5~20 (2-16 ) 17

18 . 1.Argentine: 2.Paraguay: 3.Pensacola: 4.Wilmington: 2-8. Bahiagrass Pspalum notatum Flugge Pensacola, Argentine, etc. 600 / 3.8~6.4 15~40 /

19 .. 2~4 1/ Kikuyugrass Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst ex. Chiov -- 20~40 / 19

20 Cool-season turfgrasses (cool-season) 16 ~24 ph6~7 (Kentucky bluegrass) (Creeping bentgrass) (Tall fescue) (winter overseeding) 9 1. (Poa pratensis). (Kentucky bluegrass) (3-1, 3-2), 10~ A-34(Bensun) 2. Adelphi 3. America bluegrass 4. Banff 20

21 5. Baron 6. Birka 7. Bonnieblue 8. Bristol bluegrass 9. Challenger 10. Cheri 11. Columbia 12. Eclipse 13. Enmundi 14. Enoble 15. Fylking Georgrtown 17. Geronimo 18. Glade 19. Haga 20. Kenblue 21. Majestic 21

22 22. Merion 23. Merit 24. Midnight 25. Monopoly 26. Mystic 27. Nassau 28. Nugget 29. Parada 30. Park 31. Plush 32. Ram I 33. Rugby 34. Sydsport 35. Touchdiwn 36. Vantage 22

23 37. Victa 38. Wabash (Lolium perenne). (Perennial ryegrass) (bunch type) ( seed mixture) 3~10 (3-3, 3-4). 1. All Star 2. Barry 3. Belle 4. Birdie 5. Birdie II 6. Blazer 7. Caravelle 8. Citation 23

24 9. Citation II 10. Cowboy 11. Dasher 12. Delray 13. Derby 14. Diplomat 15. Elka 16. Fiesta 17. Game 18. Gator 19. Jackpot 20. Linn 21. Loretta 22. Manhattan 23. Manhattan II Manhattan 24. NK Omega 26. Omega II Omega 27. Palmer 28. Pennant 29. Pennfine 30. Prelude 24

25 31. Premier 32. Regal 33. Repell 34. Tara Yorktown II (from (Agrostis palustris). (creeping bentgrass) (3-5, 3-6 ) 5.5~ Arlington(C-1) 2. Cohansey(C-7) 3. Congressional(C-19) 4. Old Orchard(C-52) 5. Penncross 6. Penneagle 25

26 7. Seaside (Festuca arundinacea). (Tall fescue) 80% 20% (3-7, 3-8) 7~14. 1.Asventure 2.Alta 3.Apache 4.Astro 5.Arriva 6.Bonanza 7.Brookston 8.Clemfine Kentucky 31 9.Falcon 10. Fawn Alta Kentucky 31 26

27 11. Finelawn I 12. Galway 13. Goar 14. Houndog 15. Jaguar 16. Kenhy 17. Kenwell 18. Kentucky Marathon 20. Maverick 21. Mustang 22. Olympic 23. Rebel 24. Tempo 25. Willamette (from 27

28 .. (Fine fescue) (2mm) (shade-tolerant) 7~14 (3-9, 3-10). 1. (Festuca rubra subspecies trichophylla)(creeping fescue) Dawson Polar (1).Dawson (2).Pennlawn (3).Wintergreen 2. (Festuca rubra subspecies commutata) (chewing fescue) (1).Agram (2).Banner (3).Checker (4).Highlight (5).Jamestown (6)Shasow (7).Waldorf 3. (Festuca ovina subspecies duriuscula)(hard fescue) (1).Aurora (2).Reliant (3).Spartan (4).Tournament 28

29 (5).Waldina bluegrass ryegrass 4. (Festuca ovina subspecies ovina)(sheep fescue)

30 3-1. A34,Baron,Mid night,merit, Touchdown, Kenblue,etc. Linn,Gator, Pennfine,etc. Penncross,Penn link, Penneagle,Putte r,etc. KY31,Jaguar,R ebel,falcon,oly mpic,houngdog Creeping,Chewi ng, Hard,Sheep fine,etc fescue (2mm) (0.5~2mm (0.6~3mm) (0.4~1.2 (0.5mm) mm),,,,,,,,,,, 5-15 / / / / / /8~ ~20 //15~25 /15~30 //10~15 //5~10 // ,, *5- ;4-;3- ;2- ;1-30

31 The application of turfgrass on soil erosion control (4-1(a)~(e)) 921 (4-2, 4-3) 4-1. (a) 4-1(b) 31

32 4-1(c) 4-1(d) 4-1(e) (4-4~4-11) 32

33 (4-12~4-15)

34 :.... :.,,,,, (glyphosate), (CH3Br) (Dazomet),,, 15~20 ( 15~20 ), 6~8.,,,, 34

35 35,,,,,., (B ), 20, 24, B,.,,,,,,,,, 2%,., 20~30, 80% 10% 10% (ph), 5.5~7.5,,,, 3~5. ( ), ( ). (4-16). (seeding) 80% 80% 64%, (4-17) 4-1 ( 4-18)

36 (4-19) 80~ (/) (/ ) 2,000, ,150, , ,200, , , ,550, ,000, , , , : blend Sahara U-3 Mixture :. (red fescue). Fusarium, (bluegrass),., (Redtop) 34 36

37 . (winter overseeding) 2 3., Georgetown 7 Kenblue 2 GeorgetownKenblue 12~26% 50% :... blend

38 (sodding) (sod) 45 : () (erosion control) () (water conservation) () () 5~7 2 (4-20) 48, (4-21~23)

39 . (hydroseeding) hydroseeding (fiber) (hydromulching) (4-24) (4-25) ( ;1~3 ) ( ;3~6 ) ( ;6 ) 45 98% 85% % 85% 5~ (4-26, -27) ( ( 39

40 . (sprigging) 35 hydrosprigging X X V ( V V V ) X V V (Tiff ) (Sahara, V V V Sultan,etc.) V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V (pythium blight) (Alliete),

42 Using ornamental grasses on soil erosion control for Taiwan (ornamental grasses) (5-1, 5-2 ) (Poaceae; Gramineae; Grass family)! (5-3, 5-4) 42

43 ( 5-5, 5-6) (5-7~5-10)!

44 (phytoremediation) (switchgrass) 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene(TNT) (blue fescure) (sethoxydim) fluazifop (buffer zone) (5-11, (5-13, 5-14 )

45 . ( ) (focal point) (stress) (5-15~5-18)

46 5-1 (5-19~5-23) 5-1. Miscanthus floridulus Cabaret, Cosmopolitan, Morming light, (Labill.) Warb. Ex. Schum.& Lauterb Puenktchen, Silberpfeil, Strictus, Variegatus, Zebrinus. Imperata ylindrical RubraRed Baron. (L.)Beauv.var.major (Nees) Hubb.et Vaughan. Pennisetum purpureum Schum MerkeronMott TiftN75( )Malawi ( ) CameroonsCongo Gold CoastMerkerNapierPungwe MineiroVgandaVrukwanu. Pennisetum orientale MoudryAtropurea. Chloris gayana Kunth Bell,Giant,Katambora, Masaba, Mbarara, Nzoia, Pioneer, Pokot, Setaria sphacelata Stapf & Hubb. Melinis minutiflora Beauv. Saccharum spontaneum L. Buchloe dactyloides(nutt.)engelm Rowgai. Nandi, Kazungula, Narok, Solander, Splenda. Sharp s Improved,Common,Texoka.. (in vitro) 46

48 book.html , :134~ Best procedures for seeding your lawn with Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. Michigan State University homepage Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. The Pennsylvania State University homepage Erosion Control Magazine. 48

49 29. Establishing turfgrass Finn company homepage Georgia Turfgrass Foundation Trust Keepin soil in its place. Technical note #81 from watershed protection techniques. 2(3): Keeping%20Soil% 20 in %20Its%20Place.pdf 33. Lawn & Landscape Hydroseeding Nutsery sod growers association of Ontario homepage Purdue forage information. publications/grasses /P_rye.htm. 37. Primo Bermudagrass Blend Reducing erosion and runoff. Virginia cooperative extention homepage Sod installation and maintenance. why.html 40. Sod selection Sodding you turfgrass lawn Southern turf nurseries homepage Turf resource center homepage. environment. html 44. Turf, trees, and our environment. TurfEnvironment.Html. 45. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign turfgrass research center homepage Vogel, K.P. and R.C. Shearman Perennial grasses: New applications and uses. p In: J. Janick (ed.), Progress in new crops. ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA. 47. Warm season lawn grasses-seedlant.com. season-warm/ 48. Warm season turfgrass information sheet Why sod. 49

50 50

(Dichondra) (Gramineae or Poaceae) (family) 25 (tribe) (Festucoideae) (Eragrostoideae) (Panicoideae) (Festucoideae) (festucoideae) (lo

(Dichondra) (Gramineae or Poaceae) (family) 25 (tribe) (Festucoideae) (Eragrostoideae) (Panicoideae) (Festucoideae) (festucoideae) (lo 1 Introduction of the Classification, Distribution and Utilization of Turfgrasses Yue-Wen Wang Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC Abstract The application of turf has

穨研究內容.PDF

穨研究內容.PDF