Microsoft Word - 3--乔芮_news_.doc

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1 2013 年春季崂山湾浮游植物群落及其环境控制 1, 乔芮 2, 栾青杉 2, 王俊 2, 袁伟 2, 崔毅 2 2, 孙坚强 (1., ; 2., ) 摘要 : 2013 年春季 (3 4 5 月 ) 对崂山湾海域浮游植物群落及其理化环境进行了 3 个航次的调查研究共鉴定浮游植物 40 属 75 种, 硅藻是调查区主要的浮游植物类群 ; 浮游植物细胞丰度平均为个 /m 3, 3 月份的平均丰度显著高于 4 5 月份 (P<0.01); 优势种主要为冰河拟星杆藻 (Asterionopsis glacialis) 加拉星平藻 (Asteroplanus karianus) 密联角毛藻(Chaetoceros densus) 和夜光藻 (Noctiluca scintillans), 浮游植物群落演替明显, 由 3 月份硅藻控制逐步过渡到 4 5 月份硅 / 甲藻共同控制 ; 相对较低的硝酸盐水平是导致 4 5 月份浮游植物丰度显著低于 3 月份的主要原因 ; 物种环境数据的冗余分析 (RDA) 结果显示, 温度硝酸盐含量是控制崂山湾春季浮游植物分布的重要环境因子关键词 : 浮游植物 ; 群落 ; 崂山湾 ; 冗余分析中图分类号 : Q143 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) doi: /hykx ,, (, 11 km, km 2 ),,, [1],,,,, [2 7] [8 9], ,,,,, 1 材料与方法 1.1 航次调查和采样 2013 (3 19~ ~ ~25 ),, 36 ~36.6 N ~121 E, 21 ( 1), 3 ( 140 cm 0.1 m 2 77 μm), 0.5 L (PE), 5%, CTD60M ( Sea-Sun-Tech ) [10] 1.2 样品分析,,, 0.5 ml Sedgwick Rafter, Leica Biomed( : ) : ; : : (2012BAD18B01); ( ); ( ) ( ) : (1991-),,,,, qiaorui0804@163.com;,,, luanqs@126.com Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

for Windows 4.5 [15],, ( ) ( ) ( Log ), ( Inclusion Rules ) lg(x+1),, CanoDraw 2 结果 2.1 理化环境 (3 4 5 ), ( 2) 3 (5.11±0.38) (8.87±0.53) (13.77±1.74), (P<0.01), 3 31.17±0.

2 Fig. 1 1 Sampling sites of phytoplankton in Laoshan Bay,, Tomas [11] ( NO 3 -N) ( NO 2 -N) ( NH 3 4 -N) ( PO 4 -P) [10] 1.3 数据处理 (Y) Dufrene Legendre [12], Y 0.01 ; (H ) [13] : S å H =- P log P i= 1 i 2 i Pielou (J) [14] : H J = log 2 S, S ; P i i ANOVA(IBM SPSS Statistics 20 ), LSD Dunnett, (RDA, redundancy analysis) RDA Canoco for Windows 4.5 [15],, ( ) ( ) ( Log ), ( Inclusion Rules ) lg(x+1),, CanoDraw 2 结果 2.1 理化环境 (3 4 5 ), ( 2) 3 (5.11±0.38) (8.87±0.53) (13.77±1.74), (P<0.01), ± ± ±0.03 (DIN) 1.5~11.1 μmol/l, 3 (5.7±2.3) μmol/l 4 (4.7±2.0)μmol/L 2 Fig. 2 Distribution of averaged temperature of the water column in Laoshan Bay 14 / 2015 / 39 / 7

3 (P<0.01) 5 (2.6±1.0) μmol/l 0.2~6.8 μmol/l, (3 4 5 ) (P<0.05), (3.4±1.5)μmol/L (2.4±0.8)μmol/L (1.0±0.8)μmol/L 0.15~0.46 μmol/l, (P<0.05), (0.29±0.08)μmol/L (0.35±0.06) μmol/l (0.21±0.04) μmol/l( 3) 2.2 物种组成 40 75, 31 63, 8 11, 1 1, (Chaetoceros) (Coscinodiscus), 9 11 ; (Prorocentrum) 3, 细胞丰度 ( 4) 3 (119~8057) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, (36.34 N E) ;, /m 3, 97.8%;, (36.35 ~36.45 N ~ E) 4 (8.4~624) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, 巉 (36.4 N E) ;, /m 3, 83%;, 5 (50~404) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, (36.26 ~36.34 N ~ E) 巉 ;,, 53% 47%, /m /m 3, : (P<0.01); (P<0.01) 2.4 优势种 (Asterionopsis glacialis) (Asteroplanus karianus) (Chaetoceros densus) (Noctiluca scintillans) (Y) ( 1), : 3, 4 5 ; 3 5 ; 3 Fig. 3 3 Box-Whisker Box-Whisker plot of dissolved nutrients in Laoshan Bay Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

4 表 1 崂山湾浮游植物优势种组成 Tab. 1 Composition of dominant phytoplankton species in Laoshan Bay (Y) Asterionopsis glacialis (Castracane) Round Asteroplanus karianus (Grunow) Gardner et Crawford Bacillaria paxillifera (Müller) Marsson Chaetoceros densus (Cleve) Cleve Cyclotella striata (Kützing) Grunow Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehrenberg) Reimann et Lewin Ditylum brightwellii (West) Grunow Eucampia zoodiacus Ehrenberg Paralia sulcata (Ehrenberg) Cleve Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve Thalassionema frauenfeldii (Grunow) Hallegraeff Thalassiosira pacifica Gran et Angst Thalassiosira sp Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kofoid et Swezy : [16], 3 (1.7~4302) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, (0~4302) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, ( 5) 4 (1.8~116) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, 巉 ; (0~58) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, 5 (4.8~94) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, 巉 ; (16~247) 10 3 /m 3, /m 3, 2.5 多样性, 1.66~4.05, 2.68±0.52, ± ± ±0.52, ( 6) 0.36~0.89, 0.64± 0.13, 0.53±0.10(3 ) 0.77±0.07(4 ) 0.65±0.09(5 ) 3 讨论 3.1 崂山湾海域浮游植物,, [1], : ;, /m 3, /m 3 ; [ : (Asterionella japonica) Cleve] (Rhizosolenia) (Proboscia), (Thalassionema) ; /m 3, /m 3 : /m 3, ;, ( 3 ), /m 3,,,, [3] ;,,, (Y) 营养盐对浮游植物分布的影响 (Bottom-up control) a [6] : 16 / 2015 / 39 / 7

Fig. 4 4 Distribution of phytoplankton cell abundance in Laoshan Bay, [17] :,, (Redfield, Si/N/P=16.. 16.. 1),,, [17] Justić [18] DIN=1 μmol/l P=0.

5 Fig. 4 4 Distribution of phytoplankton cell abundance in Laoshan Bay, [17] :,, (Redfield, Si/N/P= ),,, [17] Justić [18] DIN=1 μmol/l P=0.1 μmol/l Si=2 μmol/l, : N (N/P<10; Si/N>1) P (Si/P>22; N/P>22) Si (Si/P<10; Si/N<1) N/P 15.8±8.3, ±10.4(3 ) 13.8±6.5(4 ) 12.4±4.2 Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

6 Fig. 5 5 Cell abundance distribution of dominant phytoplankton species in Laoshan Bay Fig. 6 6 Distribution of phytoplankton species diversity in Laoshan Bay (5 ), [18],,, N/P ( 7) N/P 18 / 2015 / 39 / 7

Fig. 7 7 N/P Distribution of N/P ratios during the surveys ( 3), 4 5 3 3.3 环境因子的多元分析探讨, (RDA) ( ),, ( ),, [19 20], (DCA, detrended correspondence analysis) <3,, RDA ( ),, RDA ( 8) : (1)7 ( N/P ) 31.

7 Fig. 7 7 N/P Distribution of N/P ratios during the surveys ( 3), 环境因子的多元分析探讨, (RDA) ( ),, ( ),, [19 20], (DCA, detrended correspondence analysis) <3,, RDA ( ),, RDA ( 8) : (1)7 ( N/P ) 31.2%, 21.8% 69.7%, 25.2% 80.8% ; (2) (Monte Carlo), 12.6% (F=7.491, P<0.01) 3.8%(F=2.056, P<0.05), ; (3),,, ( 8 1 ) ( 8 2 ), : [21] ;, ( 8 10 ), 3 4 5, RDA Fig. 8 RDA ordination plot of species and environmental variables 1. ; 2. ; 3. ; 4. ; 5..; 6. ; 7. ; 8. ; 9. ; 10. ; Asterionopsis glacialis; 2. Asteroplanus karianus; 3. Ditylum brightwellii; 4. Eucampia zoodiacus; 5.Fragilaria sp.; 6. Paralia sulcata; 7.Proboscia alata f. indica; 8.Rhizosolenia setigera; 9. Thalassiosira eccentrica; 10. Noctiluca scintillans; 11.Prorocentrum micans Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

8 , (Y) , (the Seto Inland Sea), [22] 4 结论 (1) 40 75, 31 63, (2) /m 3, (3),, / (4), : [1]. ( )[M]. :, [2],. [J]., 1993, 11(3): [3],. [J]., 1997, 17(3): [4]. [J]., 2001, 22(1): [5]. [J]., 2003, 24(1): [6],,, a [J]., 2009, 29(10): [7], [J]., 2011, 35(6): [8],,,. [J]., 2006, 13(2): [9],,. [J]., 2003, 14(11): [10]. GB/T , [S]. :, [11] Tomas C R. Identifying marine phytoplankton [M]. San Diego: Academic Press, [12] Dufrene M, Legendre P. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach [J]. Ecological Monographs, 1997, 67(3): [13] Shannon C E, Weaver W. The mathematical theory of communication [M]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, [14] Pielou E C. An introduction to mathematical ecology [M]. New York: Wiley Interscience, [15] Lepš J, Šmilauer P. Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, [16],. [J]., 2002, 33(3): [17],,. [J]., 2003, 25(s2): [18] Justić D, Rabalais N N, Turner R E, et al. Changes in nutrient structure of river-dominated coastal waters: stoichiometric nutrient balance and its consequences [J]. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 1995, 40: [19] Puigserver M, Monerris N, Pablo J, et al. Abundance patterns of the toxic phytoplankton in coastal waters of the Balearic Archipelago (NW Mediterranean Sea): a multivariate approach [J]. Hydrobiologia, 2010(1), 644: [20] Tian C, Pei H, Hu W, et al. Phytoplankton variation and its relationship with the environmental factors in Nansi Lake, China [J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2013, 185(1): [21] Kain J M, Fogg G E. Studies on the growth of marine phytoplankton I. Asterionella Japonica Gran [J]. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 1958, 37: [22] Tada K, Pithakpol S, Montani S. Seasonal variation in the abundance of Noctiluca scintillans in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan [J]. Plankton Biology & Ecology, 2004, 51(1): / 2015 / 39 / 7

9 Distribution and controlling environmental factors of phytoplankton communities in the Laoshan Bay during spring in 2013 QIAO Rui 1, 2, LUAN Qing-shan 2, WANG Jun 2, YUAN Wei 2, CUI Yi 2, SUN Jian-qiang 2 (1.College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai , China; 2. Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao , China) Received: Dec., 11, 2014 Key words: phytoplankton; community; Laoshan Bay; redundancy analysis Abstract: Based on the surveys carried out in the Laoshan Bay during spring (March, April and May) of 2013, we studied the phytoplankton community in association with the ambient environment in this area. The results indicated that a total of 75 species (40 genera) were found from the samples collected, and diatoms were the predominant forms in the community. The averaged phytoplankton cell abundance was cells/m 3, with the mean value in March was significantly higher than those in April and May (P<0.01). The dominant species were Asterionopsis glacialis, Asteroplanus karianus, Chaetoceros densus and Noctiluca scintillans. The succession of the phytoplankton community was obvious, from the diatom-control in March to the co-control of diatom and dinoflagellate in April and May. The decrease of phytoplankton abundance in April and May was related to the relative low concentration of nitrate in the seawater. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the species and environment correlation showed that temperature and nitrate were the main environmental factors in controlling the phytoplankton distribution in spring of ( 本文编辑 : 梁德海 ) Marine Sciences / Vol. 39, No. 7 /

Microsoft Word 叶然_new_.doc

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Microsoft Word - 3--乔 芮_news_.doc

Microsoft Word - 3--乔芮_news_.doc