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1 Hong Kong Bird Report 香港鳥類報告 2011

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4 防雨水設計 8x42 EXWP I / 10x42 EXWP I 8 倍放大率 / 10 倍放大率 防水設計, 尤合戶外及水上活動使用 密封式內充氮氣, 有效令鏡片防霞防霧 高折射指數稜鏡及多層鍍膜鏡片, 確保影像清晰明亮 能阻隔紫外線, 保護視力 港澳區代理 : 大通拓展有限公司荃灣沙咀道 號榮亞工業大廈一樓 C 座電話 :(852) 傳真 :(852) 電郵 :general@kingstone.com.hk

5 野外觀鳥活動必備手 冊萬里機構 wanlibk.com

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7 Published in Mar 年 3 月出版 The Hong Kong Bird Watching Society 香港觀鳥會 7C, V Ga Building, 532 Castle Peak Road, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China 中國香港九龍荔枝角青山道 532 號偉基大廈 7 樓 C 室 (Approved Charitable Institution of Public Character) ( 認可公共性質慈善機構 ) Editors: John Allcock, Geoff Carey, Gary Chow and Geoff Welch 編輯 : 柯祖毅, 賈知行, 周家禮, Geoff Welch 版權所有, 不准翻印 All rights reserved. Copyright HKBWS Printed on 100% recycled paper with soy ink. 全書採用 100% 再造紙及大豆油墨印刷 Front Cover 封面 : Chestnut-cheeked Starling Agropsar philippensis 栗頰椋鳥 Po Toi Island, 5 th October 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 10 月 5 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄

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9 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Committees The Hong Kong Bird Watching Society 香港觀鳥會 Committees and Officers 2013 榮譽會長 Honorary President 林超英先生 Mr. Lam Chiu Ying 執行委員會 Executive Committee 主席 Chairman 劉偉民先生 Mr. Lau Wai Man, Apache 副主席 Vice-chairman 吳祖南博士 Dr. Ng Cho Nam 副主席 Vice-chairman 吳敏先生 Mr. Michael Kilburn 義務秘書 Hon. Secretary 陳慶麟先生 Mr. Chan Hing Lun, Alan 義務司庫 Hon. Treasurer 周智良小姐 Ms. Chow Chee Leung, Ada 委員 Committee members 李慧珠小姐 Ms. Lee Wai Chu, Ronley 柯祖毅先生 Mr. John Allcock 方健華先生 Mr. Fong Kin Wa, Forrest 區俊茵小姐 Ms. Au Chun Yan, Joanne 施百納先生 Mr. Bena Smith 蘇毅雄先生 Mr. So Ngai Hung, Samson 洪維銘先生 Mr. Hung Wai Ming 余秀玲小姐 Ms. Yu Sau Ling, Wendy 蔡松柏先生 Mr. Choi Chung Pak, David ( 紅耳鵯俱樂部主席 ) (Chairman, Crested Bulbul Club) 義務核數師 Honorary Auditor 吳潔瑤會計師事務所有限公司 K.Y. Ng & Company Limited, CPA 義務法律顧問 Honorary Legal Advisor 何志明先生 Mr. Ho Chi Ming 紀錄委員會 Records Committee 主席 Chairman 賈知行先生 Mr. Geoff Carey 秘書 Secretary Mr. Geoff Welch 委員 Committee members Mr. Richard Lewthwaite 利雅德先生 Mr. Paul Leader 利偉文博士 Dr. Michael Leven 余日東先生 Mr. Yu Yat Tung 周家禮先生 Mr. Chow Ka Lai, Gary

10 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Editorial Preface Editorial Preface This edition of the Hong Kong Bird Report marks a return to the annual format. The two-year format has been in place since the report, but during this time the aim always has been to catch up with publication and return to an annual format, and I am very pleased that we have achieved this with the 2011 report. This would not have been possible without the hard work of Geoff Welch over the last couple of years to make sure records are collected, to write the text for the Systematic Lists, and to ensure that all articles contained in the report are completed and submitted on time. I also cannot forget the work of Gary Chow and a team of translators for providing the Chinese text, or the HKBWS office for their help in the formatting of the report and liaising with the designer and printer. The annual format allows us more space to look at new ways to present some of the data. This year we have included seasonal occurrence charts in the Systematic List for a number of species. This is the first time these have appeared in a Hong Kong Bird Report, but similar charts were presented in The Avifauna of Hong Kong. Species selected for inclusion in the 2011 report are mostly species for which the pattern of occurrence has changed significantly since the time of The Avifauna, especially those for which 2011 was an important year. I hope that similar charts for other species will be included in future editions of the report. I also hope that the annual format will encourage more articles from observers and readers. With the growth in bird watching and photography over the last few years, I am sure there must be many significant observations from a variety of sources which would be of interest to our readers. With more space in the report, and with the report scheduled to be published on an annual basis, it should be possible for more articles to get published in a shorter space of time. Articles could be about any aspect of the birds of Hong Kong; this could include status, identification, habitat or food preferences, behaviour or another subject. Articles could be short or long, according to the subject involved. Any observers with significant observations are welcome to submit articles and/or photographs to be considered for inclusion in the report. John Allcock Chief Editor Editors Geoff Welch, Geoff Carey and Gary Chow Translators Chan Chiu Mei, Chow Lai Kuen, Celia Ho, Alvin Hui, Eling Lee, Katherine Leung, Patty Tse, Heidi Yu, Cecilia Kwan

11 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Editorial Preface 編者序言 今期的香港鳥類報告終於回復了單年度報告 雙年度的形式由 年的報告開始, 但期間我們一直都希望可以追趕出版的進度而回復至單年度的形式 我為 2011 年回復至單年度形式而感欣慰 若沒有 Geoff Welch 多年努力搜集鳥類紀錄 撰寫分類總覽, 以及確保所有報告內文章完整無誤及準時提交, 我們便無法達成這項目標 我亦沒有忘記周家禮及一班翻譯義工安排中文內容, 以及香港觀鳥會辦公室的職員協助編排報告並與設計者和印刷商接洽 單年的報告可提供更多空間放進更多資料 今年我們在分類總覽內包含了數個鳥種的季度出現圖表 這是首次納入在香港鳥類報告, 但類似的圖表曾在 香港鳥類名錄 出現 被挑選納入在 2011 報告內的鳥種多數是自 香港鳥類名錄 出版以來出現了很大改變的鳥種, 尤其在 2011 年發生顯著改變的鳥種 我希望其他鳥種的圖表會陸續在將來的報告出現 我亦希望單年度報告亦可鼓勵更多觀鳥者及讀者提交報告 隨著近幾年觀鳥及攝影活動的盛行, 我相信有更多來自不同途徑的有趣觀察可以和讀者分享 由於報告的空間多了, 以及以單年度出版, 所以將可容納更多文章及更快出版 文章內容可涉及任何有關香港雀鳥的題目, 包括出沒狀況 辨認方法 習性 覓食喜好 行為以及其他題材 文章因需要而可長可短 任何觀鳥者若有有趣的觀察可與大家分享, 歡迎提交文章及相片以在報告內刊登 主編柯祖毅 編輯 Geoff Welch, 賈知行及周家禮 翻譯義工 陳翠楣 周麗娟 何煒筠 許桓峰 李佩玲 梁嘉善 謝穎詩 余海寧 關小春

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13 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Contents Hong Kong Bird Report 香港鳥類報告 Contents 目錄 List of Plates 圖片目錄 Records Committee Report 2011 紀錄委員會報告 2011 Geoff J. Carey 賈知行 Annual Summaries 全年摘要 Geoff Welch Systematic List 2011 分類總覽 2011 Geoff Welch Deep Bay Waterbird Count Tables 2011 后海灣水鳥普查表列 2011 Bulwer s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii found at Cheung Sha Wan: The first Hong Kong record 於長沙灣檢獲的褐燕鸌 : 香港首個紀錄 Carrie K. W. Ma 馬嘉慧 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis at Mai Po Nature Reserve: The first Hong Kong record 米埔自然護理區的蒼鷹 : 香港首個紀錄 Peter Chan Kai Wai 陳佳瑋 Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus at Heung Fan Liu: The first Hong Kong record 香粉寮的灰燕鵙 : 香港首個紀錄 James Lambert The First Breeding Records, Ecology, Status, and Conservation of Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti in Hong Kong 褐林鴞 Strix leptogrammica ticehursti 在香港的第一個繁殖紀錄及其生態和保育狀況 Mike Kilburn 吳敏 210

14 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Contents Seasonality of Acrocephalus and Locustella warblers in the reedbeds at Mai Po Nature Reserve. 米埔自然護理區蘆葦叢葦鶯 Acrocephalus 及蝗鶯 Locustella 的季節出現情況 John A. Allcock 柯祖毅 Paul J. Leader 利雅德 Michael R. Leven 利偉文 David J. Stanton Katherine Leung 梁嘉善 234 Observations on Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica and Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis roosting in reedbeds at Mai Po Nature Reserve in 年對在米埔自然保護區蘆葦叢棲息的家燕 Hirundo rustica 和東黃鶺鴒 Motacilla tschutschensis 的觀察 Katherine K.S. Leung 梁嘉善 Bena Smith 施伯納 268 Guidelines for the Submission of Records 呈交鳥類紀錄指引 Notes for applications to visit Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve 申請進入米埔自然護理區 Hong Kong Map 香港地圖

15 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates List of Plates 圖片目錄 Front Cover 封面 Chestnut-cheeked Starling Agropsar philippensis 栗頰椋鳥 Po Toi Island, 5th October 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 10 月 5 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄 Plate 1 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 綠頭鴨 Mai Po NR, 14th November 2011 米埔 2011 年 11 月 14 日 Yue Pak Wai 余柏維 31 Plate 2 Chinese Spot-billed Duck Anas zonoryncha 中華斑嘴鴨 Mai Po NR, 30th November 2011 米埔 2011 年 11 月 30 日 Andy Li 李偉仁 32 Plate 3 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis 小鸊鷉 Mai Po NR, 25th December 2011 米埔 2011 年 12 月 25 日 Arshad Kanzhada 37 Plate 4 Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor 黑臉琵鷺 Mai Po NR, 5th April 2011 米埔 2011 年 4 月 5 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 39 Plate 5 Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris 大麻鳽 Mai Po NR, 5th November 2011 米埔 2011 年 11 月 5 日 C Y Lam 林卓源 40 Plate 6 Von Schrenck's Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus 紫背葦鳽 Tsing Yi, 28th May 2011 青衣 2011 年 5 月 28 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄 42 Plate 7 Swinhoe's Egret Egretta eulophotes 黃嘴白鷺 Mai Po NR, 4th May 2011 米埔 2011 年 5 月 4 日 Andy Cheung 張玉良 47 Plate 8 Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel 白斑軍艦鳥 The Peak, 27th August 2011 山頂 2011 年 8 月 27 日 Herman Ip 葉紀江 48 Plate 9 Besra Accipiter virgatus 松雀鷹 Long Valley, 31st December 2011 塱原 2011 年 12 月 31 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒

16 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 10 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 雀鷹 Long Valley, 27th December 2011 塱原 2011 年 12 月 27 日 Kennix Lam 林家興 54 Plate 11 Eastern Imperial and Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila heliaca/aquila clanga 白肩鵰 / 烏鵰 Mai Po NR, 25th November 2011 米埔 2011 年 11 月 25 日 Ho Ka Wai 何家偉 57 Plate 12 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 鳳頭麥雞 Mai Po NR, 11th December 2011 米埔 2011 年 12 月 11 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 63 Plate 13 Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus 鶴鷸 Mai Po NR, 3rd December 2011 米埔 2011 年 12 月 3 日 Wing Ho 何錦榮 72 Plate 14 Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris 大濱鷸 Mai Po NR, 18th April 2011 米埔 2011 年 4 月 18 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 78 Plate 15 Ruff Philomachus pugnax 流蘇鷸 Mai Po NR, 6th April 2011 米埔 2011 年 4 月 6 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 83 Plate 16 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 紅頸瓣蹼鷸 Long Valley, 5th October 2011 塱原 2011 年 10 月 5 日 Vivian Cheung 張香妹 84 Plate 17 Saunder's Gull Chroicocephalus saundersi 黑嘴鷗 Mai Po NR, 26th February 2011 米埔 2011 年 2 月 26 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 86 Plate 18 Greater Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii 大鳳頭燕鷗 Southern Waters, 1st May 2011 南部水域 2011 年 5 月 1 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 89 Plate 19 Red Turtle Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica 火斑鳩 Long Valley, 13th November 2011 塱原 2011 年 11 月 13 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒

17 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 20 Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris 烏鵑 Po Toi Island, 2nd October 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 10 月 2 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 98 Plate 21 Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus 小杜鵑 Po Toi Island, 6th September 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 9 月 6 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 100 Plate 22 Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis 林夜鷹 Kam Tin, 16th July 2011 錦田 2011 年 7 月 16 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 103 Plate 23 Pacific Swift Apus pacificus 白腰雨燕 Po Toi Island, 19th May 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 5 月 19 日 John and Jemi Holmes 孔思義及黃亞萍 104 Plate 24 Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis 斑魚狗 Mai Po NR, 6th December 2011 米埔 2011 年 12 月 6 日 Cheng Nok Ming 鄭諾銘 106 Plate 25 Tiger Shrike Lanius tigrinus 虎紋伯勞 Mai Po NR, 24th September 2011 米埔 2011 年 9 月 24 日 Fung Wing Yi 馮穎儀 110 Plate 26 White-bellied Erpornis Erpornis zantholeuca 白腹鳳鶥 Tai Po Kau, 17th December 2011 大埔滘 2011 年 12 月 17 日 Wallace Tse 謝鑑超 112 Plate 27 Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus 灰卷尾 Shing Mun Reservoir, 15th January 2011 城門水塘 2011 年 1 月 15 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 114 Plate 28 Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi 綬帶 Po Toi Island, 16th October 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 10 月 16 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄 116 Plate 29 Mountain Bulbul Ixos mcclellandii 綠翅短腳鵯 Shing Mun, 16th January 2011 城門 2011 年 1 月 16 日 Sam Chan 陳巨輝 121 Plate 30 Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephalus 黑短腳鵯 Yuen Long Park, 26th February 2011 元朗公園 2011 年 2 月 26 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒

18 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 31 Asian Stubtail Urosphena squameiceps 鱗頭樹鶯 Hatton Road, 30th January 2011 克頓道 2011 年 1 月 30 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄 127 Plate 32 Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps 黑眉葦鶯 Long Valley, 31st October 2011 塱原 2011 年 10 月 31 日 John and Jemi Holmes 孔思義及黃亞萍 133 Plate 33 Chinese Hwamei Garrulax canorus 畫眉 Lamma Island, 11th January 2011 南丫島 2011 年 1 月 11 日 Guy Miller 139 Plate 34 Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea 紅嘴相思鳥 Shing Mun Reservoir, 8th January 2011 城門水塘 2011 年 1 月 8 日 Chan Ka Wa 陳家華 141 Plate 35 Vinous-throated Parrotbill Sinosuthora webbiana 棕頭鴉雀 Tai Mo Shan, 29th May 2011 大帽山 2011 年 5 月 29 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 142 Plate 36 White-cheeked Starling Spodiopsar cineraceus 灰椋鳥 Long Valley, 5th March 2011 塱原 2011 年 3 月 5 日 Chan Chak Wing 陳澤榮 145 Plate 37 Japanese Thrush Turdus cardis 烏灰鶇 Yuen Long, 5th February 2011 元朗 2011 年 2 月 5 日 Kinni Ho 何建業 149 Plate 38 Pale Thrush Turdus pallidus 白腹鶇 Shing Mun, 22nd January 2011 城門 2011 年 1 月 22 日 Wallace Tse 謝鑑超 151 Plate 39 Japanese Robin Erithacus akahige 日本歌鴝 Po Shan Road, 3rd February 2011 寶珊道 2011 年 2 月 3 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 152 Plate 40 Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope 紅喉歌鴝 Kam Tin, 18th January 2011 錦田 2011 年 1 月 18 日 Andy Li 李偉仁 153 Plate 41 Red-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus 紅脇藍尾鴝 Hong Lok Yuen, 23rd January 2011 康樂園 2011 年 1 月 23 日 Martin Hale

19 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 42 Red-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus 紅脇藍尾鴝 Shing Mun Reservoir, 15th January 2011 城門水塘 2011 年 1 月 15 日 Lee Yat Ming 李逸明 155 Plate 43 Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros 赭紅尾鴝 Po Toi Island, 10th April 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 4 月 10 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄 156 Plate 44 Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush Monticola rufiventris 栗腹磯鶇 Kadoorie Farm Botanical Gardens, 3rd October 2011 嘉道理農場暨植物園 2011 年 10 月 3 日 Wallace Tse 謝鑑超 158 Plate 45 Green-backed Flycatcher Ficedula elisae 綠背姬鶲 Po Shan Road, 21st October 2011 寶珊道 2011 年 10 月 21 日 Koel Ko 高偉琛 161 Plate 46 Fujian Niltava Niltava davidi 棕腹大仙鶲 Tai Po Kau, 4th February 2011 大埔滘 2011 年 2 月 4 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 164 Plate 47 Small Niltava Niltava macgrigoriae 小仙鶲 Lung Fu Shan, 16th January 2011 大埔滘 2011 年 1 月 16 日 Peter and Michelle Wong 黃理沛江敏兒 166 Plate 48 Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus 山鶺鴒 Shing Mun Reservoir, 8th January 2011 城門水塘 2011 年 1 月 8 日 Chan Ka Wa 陳家華 168 Plate 49 Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi 北鷚 Long Valley, 2nd May 2011 塱原 2011 年 5 月 2 日 Kong Kok Chung 江覺忠 173 Plate 50 Rosy Pipit Anthus roseatus 粉紅胸鷚 Po Toi Island, 10th May 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 5 月 10 日 Ng Lin Yau 吳璉宥 174 Plate 51 Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus 普通朱雀 Shek Kong, 26th December 2010 石崗 2010 年 12 月 26 日 Sam Chan 陳巨輝 177 Plate 52 Tristram's Bunting Emberiza tristrami 白眉鵐 Po Toi Island, 27th October 2011 蒲台島 2011 年 10 月 27 日 Allen Chan 陳志雄

20 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 53 Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata 栗耳鵐 Long Valley, 1st May 2011 塱原 2011 年 5 月 1 日 Raymond Ko 高開榮 180 Plate 54 Yellow-browed Bunting Emberiza chrysophrys 黃眉鵐 Long Valley, 23rd September 2011 塱原 2011 年 9 月 23 日 Chan Ka Ming 陳家明 181 Plate Bulwer s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii 褐燕鸌 AFCD, 27th June 2011 漁農自然護理署 2011 年 6 月 27 日 Photo courtesy of AFCD 照片由漁農自然護理署提供 192 Plate Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis 蒼鷹 Mai Po NR, 11th December 2011 米埔 2011 年 12 月 11 日 Peter Chan 陳佳瑋 198 Plate 63 Juvenile Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti 褐林鴞幼鳥 Lam Tsuen, 5th June 2012 林村 2012 年 6 月 5 日 Mike Kilburn 吳敏 210 Plate 64 Juvenile Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti 褐林鴞幼鳥 Lam Tsuen, 5th June 2010 林村 2010 年 6 月 5 日 Martin Hale 213 Plate 65 Adult Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti 褐林鴞成鳥 Tai Po Kau, 11th May 2011 大埔滘 2011 年 5 月 11 日 Chui Kai Yuen 崔啟元 214 Plate 66 Plumage development of Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti 褐林鴞羽毛的演變 KFBG. 16 April 2009, 21 May 2009, 13 August 2009, 13 May 2010 嘉道理農場暨植物園 2009 年 4 月 16 日, 2009 年 5 月 21 日, 2009 年 8 月 13 日, 2010 年 5 月 13 日 219 Plate 67 Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica ticehursti in typical habitat (mixed fung shui and secondary woodland with large trees). 褐林鴞於其典型的生境 ( 多大樹的風水林及次生林 ) Lam Tsuen, 5th June 2010 林村 2010 年 6 月 5 日 Mike Kilburn 吳敏

21 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: List of Plates Plate 68 Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orientalis 東方大葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 1st November 2010 米埔 2010 年 11 月 1 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 239 Plate 69 Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps 黑眉葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 17th October 2005 米埔 2005 年 10 月 17 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 239 Plate 70 Blunt-winged Warbler Acrocephalus concinens 鈍翅葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 14th January 2006 米埔 2006 年 1 月 14 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 242 Plate 71 Manchurian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus tangorum 遠東葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 6th December 2012 米埔 2012 年 12 月 6 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 242 Plate 72 Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola 稻田葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 14th January 2011 米埔 2011 年 1 月 14 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 245 Plate 73 Blyth s Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum 布氏葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 19th November 2010 米埔 2010 年 11 月 19 日 Paul Leader 利雅德 245 Plate 74 Thick-billed Warbler Iduna aedon 厚嘴葦鶯 Mai Po NR, 1st November 2010 米埔 2010 年 11 月 1 日 Paul Leader 利雅德

22 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Records Committee Report Records Committee Report Geoff J Carey Records Committee Chairman During 2011 a total of 391 Category I and II species were recorded, while the equivalent figures in previous years were: ; ; ; These compare with 367 and 377 in 2005 and 2006 respectively, between 318 and 355 species for the years 1999 to 2004, and between 342 and 370 for the years 1993 to Taxonomic changes over time make it problematic to make a direct comparison with previous years, however. New additions to the HK List that occurred during 2011 were as follows. Additions to Category I Bulwer s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii One picked up at Cheung Sha Wan on 24 June 2011, following the close approach of TS Haima, died in care three days later. Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis One at Mai Po NR on 11 December Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus One at Heung Fan Liu, Lower Shing Mun Reservoir on 23 April Additions to Category III Purple Glossy Starling Lamprotornis purpureus One on Lamma Island on 31 July. Superb Starling Lamprotornis superbus One at Sai Sha on 23 September. Changes to Category Species that are moved between categories have been announced on the website. These comprise the movement of Russet Sparrow Passer rutilans from Category I to Category III on the basis that many birds have shown evidence of previous captivity, and that non-natural origin could not be ruled out for any other record. Black-throated Tit Aegithalos concinnus was moved from Category III to Category IIA following several years of records from Upper Shing Mun and Kowloon Hills that indicate a small but self-sustaining population is present

23 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Records Committee Report 紀錄委員會報告 賈知行 紀錄委員會主席 2011 年其間共錄得 391 種第 I 及第 II 類雀鳥, 而過往數年的紀錄如下 :2010 年的 393 種 2009 年的 391 種 2008 年的 381 種以及 2007 年的 380 種 亦可與較早幾年的數字作比較 : 2006 年有 377 種,2005 年有 367 種,1999 年至 2004 年有 318 至 355 種,1993 年至 1998 年有 342 至 370 種 雖然數字上有差別, 但不斷更改的分類方法令不同年份的鳥種數目難以作直接比較 2011 年新加的鳥種如下 : 新加至第 I 類褐燕鸌 Bulweria bulwerii 2011 年 6 月 24 日颱風海馬吹襲後不久於長沙灣被拾獲, 三天後死去 蒼鷹 Accipiter gentilis 2011 年 12 月 11 日有一隻在米埔自然護理區灰燕鵙 Artamus fuscus 2011 年 4 月 23 日有一隻在下城門水塘香粉寮新加至第 III 類 紫輝椋鳥 Lamprotornis purpureus 7 月 31 日有一隻在南丫島栗頭麗椋鳥 Lamprotornis superbus 9 月 23 日有一隻在西沙分類的變更鳥種的類別更改已在觀鳥會網頁上發表 當中包括山麻雀由第 I 類移至第 III 類, 這是由於很多紀錄都有曾被飼養的特徵, 而其他紀綠則不能排除非自然引入的因素 而紅頭長尾山雀則由第 III 類移至第 I 類, 這是基於持續數年在上城門及九龍山的紀錄證明存在著一個細小但穩定的群落 - 9 -

24 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 Geoff Welch Annual Summary 2011 This summary continues with the seasonal format established in recent years. The Systematic List takes precedence over the Annual Summary in the event of any discrepancies. Despite a high total of 391 species recorded, 2011 was not a vintage year, and did not match the quality and excitement of the previous four years. Although there were three Hong Kong first records, two of these were one-day birds, seen only by the finder and a few lucky others, and the third was a moribund seabird taken into care which only survived for three days. Large parts of the spring and autumn, which are often the most exciting seasons in Hong Kong, were quiet. For this we can mostly blame the weather, which did not provide the weather systems in spring and autumn which are usually so productive. Winter 2011 (January to February) The exception to a year of poor weather was January, which was cold throughout and was the coldest January since As a consequence, there were many birds to be seen in January, particularly thrushes, chats and winter flycatchers. February weather was normal. The year started with several species still in place from The two Taiga Bean Geese remained at Mai Po until 22 nd February and the female Smew even longer, until 4 th March but the Chestnut-crowned Warbler at Tai Po Kau was last seen on 9 th January. A male Fujian Niltava at Tai Po Kau from 9 th January was joined by a female on 31 st. January was good for thrushes and chats, with high numbers of White s, Greybacked, Pale and Dusky Thrushes and Daurian Redstart. A Japanese Swamp Warbler seen at Sai Sha on 19 th January was the fourth HK record and the first to be identified in the field. The Po Shan Road section of Lung Fu Shan CP was often the place to be towards the end of January and into February, with a male Fujian Niltava and a male and female Small Niltava there into March, together with a fine male Japanese Robin. A female Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher photographed on Lamma Island on 29 th January was the first of three at this time, with a male at Bride s Pool and a female at Yuen Long in early February. The peak aggregate total of waterbirds in the whole Deep Bay area was 76,679, 12% below similar counts in the previous two winters in spite of the cold January weather. There were good numbers of Falcated Duck with a peak count of 20 on 12 th February and a male Green-winged Teal at Mai Po on 20 th February was the third HK record and the first since A record count of 1,602 Eurasian Curlew came in the January WC but peak counts of only one Mallard, three Common Shelduck and 125 Eurasian Coot were all very low and there were no Indian Spot-billed Duck or Dalmatian Pelican recorded all year

25 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 February was notable for a flock of up to 50 Chinese Grosbeak including two Japanese Grosbeak and a single Hawfinch, unfortunately considered to be possibly ex-captive, in the Lam Tsuen valley throughout the month. A Plain Flowerpecker at Tai Po Kau on 3 rd February was the first accepted record since 1997, a Yellow-browed Bunting at Long Valley from 9 th February through into March was the first winter record and a Blyth s Reed Warbler at Cheung Chau on 14 th February was an unusual field observation record of a rare Acrocephalus warbler. Spring 2011 (March to May) The weather from March through May was mostly sunny and dry, particularly so in the key month of April. The final cold front of spring passed through on 3 rd April and apart from two small depressions on 17 th and 22 nd April and one in late May, the benign weather allowed spring migration to proceed without interruption, leading to the quietest spring for many years. Few unusual species were reported in March. Two adult Brown-headed Gulls at the boardwalk from 8 th to 21 st March were the first records since A White Wagtail of the taxon personata near Kam Tin on 20 th March was the fourth HK record for this taxon and a Narcissus Flycatcher of the taxon owstoni at Yuen Long on 29 th March was the first of two, the second being at Shek Kong from 10 th to 13 th April. In a poor April for both land and seabirds, two records stand out. A female Black Redstart was on Po Toi from 5 th to 11 th April, the second HK record after the first single observer record in Although this bird was often secretive, its long stay enabled many to see and photograph it, unlike the other outstanding bird of April, the first Hong Kong record of Ashy Woodswallow near the Lower Shing Mun Reservoir on 23 rd April. This bird was found during a casual afternoon walk and unfortunately could not be relocated when large numbers of hopeful observers assembled in the area the following day. Spring is the peak time in Hong Kong for most waders. Overall wader passage in the Deep Bay area in 2011 was poor by comparison with the previous four years with aggregate and one-day counts of 16,187 and 9,482 respectively, both 60% of the average for the previous four years. A new highest count was made for Marsh Sandpiper of 3,705 on 1 st March but the peak count of 463 Spotted Redshank was the lowest since The Avifauna. Numbers of Asian Dowitcher (NT) were also low following four good years although Nordmann s Greenshank (EN) had a good spring with at least 46 individual birds. Spoon-billed Sandpiper (CE) had an average spring with four individuals. In other records from Deep Bay, the Green-winged Teal from February returned on 4 th April, an adult Black-legged Kittiwake was on the Mai Po Reserve on 5 th April and a first-summer Relict Gull was seen from the boardwalk from 5 th to 11 th April. Spring is the peak time in Hong Kong for seabirds but passage through southern waters in 2011 was poor. Strong easterly winds are usually needed to bring seabirds passing through the South China Sea into Hong Kong waters but winds above a moderate force four occurred on only five days through April and May with never

26 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 more than two days consecutive. Numbers of migrant terns and jaegers were low and only one Short-tailed Shearwater was recorded all spring; the average annual count since the spring migration for this species was first discovered in 2006 is 30. Late April and May were quiet with a few exceptions, notably pipits. Pechora Pipits had their best spring since Typhoon Leo in 1999 with more than 20 individual birds between 30 th April and 29 th May. The second HK record of Rosy Pipit was found on Po Toi in the late evening of 10 th May but this bird had unfortunately left by the next morning. Three Cinnamon Bitterns at Long Valley on 30 th April was the highest oneday count since The Avifauna and calling Malayan Night Herons were found at Tai Po Kau on 11 th May and Sai Sha on 19 th May. Finally, a number of latest spring records occurred with Grey-headed Flycatcher on 25 th April, Tristram s Bunting on 1 st May, Grey-faced Buzzard on 5 th May, Pallas s Grasshopper Warbler on 18 th May and both Black-winged Cuckooshrike and Little Bunting on 26 th May. Summer 2011 (June to August) The weather in June and July was average for those months. Three tropical storms passed close to Hong Kong, two in June and one in July. The second of these, TS Haima, passed to the southwest of Hong Kong on 22 nd June, stranding two unfortunate seabirds. August was hot, sunny and dry. Egret nest data from the Egret Monitoring Programme showed good counts for two species, Little and Great Egret, an average count for Chinese Pond Heron and a decline for Black-crowned Night Heron and Cattle Egret. Looking at trends over the last ten years, Great Egret shows a slight increase, Little Egret, Chinese Pond Heron and Cattle Egret are relatively stable but Black-crowned Night Heron shows a continuing decline. In the Population Survey of Terns, 533 breeding terns (Bridled, Black-naped and Roseate) were counted in Mirs Bay, just below the average count of 574 over the last ten years, but there were also counts of up to 564 birds around breeding colonies in southern and eastern waters, making a total of 1097 breeding terns in Hong Kong waters. 56% of which were Bridled Tern, 33% Black-naped and 11% Roseate. 143 Collared Crow at Mai Po NR on 3 rd June was a new HK highest count and continues the almost annual sequence of increasing highest counts for this Nearthreatened species. Mountain Tailorbird continues to flourish in HK and a new highest count of 14 was recorded at Ng Tung Chai on 6 th June. A pair of Grey-capped Greenfinch was seen with a juvenile at Yuen Long on 3rd July and juvenile Hodgson s Hawk Cuckoos were found in two locations in August. Other unexpected summer records included an Asian Dowitcher at Mai Po on 30 th June, a Little Tern at Mui Wo on 2 nd July, the second summer record, a male Cinnamon Bittern at Lok Ma Chau on 12 th July and a Black Baza at Fung Yuen on 17 th July. A flock of Great Crested Grebe over-summered on the Futian side of Deep Bay, an unprecedented record. The most interesting, if also the most unfortunate, event of the summer occurred immediately after the passage of TS Haima on 22 nd June. On 23 rd June, a moribund Streaked Shearwater was found at To Kwa Wan on the eastern side of the Kowloon peninsular, and on the next day a Bulwer s Petrel was found in the same condition

27 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 at Cheung Sha Wan playground on the opposite side of the peninsular. The Bulwer s Petrel was the first record for Hong Kong. Unfortunately, both birds died in care a few days later. Late July and August showed the usual return of early migrants. Earliest HK records were established for Pintail/Swinhoe s Snipe and Red Turtle Dove on 26 th July, Dunlin on 31 st July, Pale Martin on 8 th August and Japanese Paradise Flycatcher on 28 th August. Autumn 2011 (September to November) Weather conditions in autumn were generally mild. September was dry and warm, with only one weather system, Typhoon Nesat, which passed Hong Kong to the southwest on 29 th September. October was average throughout with no significant weather systems and November was warm with a weak northeast monsoon and just one spell of northerly winds from 8 th to 13 th. As in spring, benign weather conditions led to a generally quiet autumn for birds. A Brown-breasted Flycatcher near Tai Po Kau village on 2 nd September was the fifth HK record and the second in September, following one in Baikal Bush Warblers trapped at Mai Po on 6 th and 27 th September were the first September records for this species. Manchurian Reed Warbler, classified as Vulnerable by IUCN, is now a regular early autumn passage migrant through Hong Kong; this year, a record total of at least 11 birds were recorded between 6 th September and 18 th October. Another early autumn migrant having a record year was Forest Wagtail, with up to 11 birds recorded at nine different locations from 28 th August to 23 rd October. Two species recently recorded in increasing numbers in Hong Kong also had highest counts, with 15 Mountain Bulbuls at Shing Mun on 24 th September and four Pied Harriers at Mai Po on 28 th September. There were two earliest autumn records in September: Blacknaped Monarch trapped at Mai Po on 17 th and Yellow-browed Bunting at Long Valley on 23 rd. A Common Ringed Plover was at the Mai Po boardwalk on 24 th September. It was a good autumn for small raptors with Amur Falcon, Hobby and Eurasian Sparrowhawk all recorded regularly throughout October and into November. A single flock of 11 Black Baza at Long Valley on 4 October was the highest count since Rare species records for October included the second HK record of Alstrom s (Plaintailed) Warbler on Po Toi on 16 th, a Common Chiffchaff at Lok Ma Chau on 19 th and the first accepted Green-backed Flycatcher for 14 years, a first-winter male at Po Shan Road on 21 st. The first of three Blunt-winged Warblers was trapped at Mai Po on 24 th October, the other two were in November and December, and the second of two Plain Flowerpeckers in the year was at Sham Chung on 30 th October. The November spell of northerly winds brought an unusual late fall of Blue-and-white Flycatchers into Po Toi, with at least 12 on 10 th and some remaining until the end of the month. Other unusual records on Po Toi were autumn Japanese Yellow Bunting on 2 nd and male Narcissus Flycatcher on 16 th. A Crested Bunting at Long Valley on 13 th followed two records there in 2010, and a White-bellied Green Pigeon was at Mai Po also on 13 th. Finally, a Pallas s Reed Bunting was trapped at Mai Po on 22 nd November

28 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 and a juvenile Rosy Starling was at San Tin from 23 rd November to 6 th December. Winter 2011 (December) December was cold and dry, with four spells of cold northerly winds, the most severe from 8 th to 13 th. A Eurasian Oystercatcher was at the Mai Po boardwalk on 6 th December, the fourth HK record and the earliest. The third and final Hong Kong First Record of the year was photographed at Mai Po NR Pond 20 on 11 th December by a group taking part in the HKBWS Elementary Bird Watching Course, who spotted a large raptor under attack from a Collared Crow. The photographs proved the raptor was a Northern Goshawk, but unfortunately the bird was only seen that day and could not be relocated. A Hume s Leaf Warbler was at Pak Sha O on 15 th December, 488 Blackfaced Spoonbill in Deep Bay in the December WC was the second highest count on record for this Endangered species and a Crested Honey Buzzard seen at the end of December in the Lam Tsuen valley was possibly the same bird over-wintering for the third successive year

29 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 2011 全年摘要 2011 Geoff Welch 本篇全年摘要繼續沿用季度順序 :12 至 2 月為冬季 3 至 5 月為春季 6 至 8 月為夏季, 以及 9 至 11 月為秋季 與往年相同, 若此全年摘要內容與分類總覽不符, 一切以分類總覽所述為準 雖然本年錄得高記錄的 391 個鳥種, 論質量與驚喜卻不及過去四年, 因此不算是豐收的一年 本年有三個香港新紀錄鳥種, 但其中兩種只停留了一天, 只有發現者與少數幸運兒能目睹, 而第三種是一隻垂死的海鳥, 獲救後只生存了三天 春秋兩季本該是香港最有驚喜的季節, 偏偏本年春秋大部分時間鳥況都很平靜, 這大可歸咎於天氣未有出現能帶來好鳥況的狀態 2011 年冬季 (1 至 2 月 ) 儘管全年天氣不利鳥況, 但 1 月份是個例外 本年 1 月是自 1977 年最冷的, 低氣溫亦持續了整個月, 故 1 月有很多鶇 鴝及鶲的記錄 2 月的天氣普遍正常 本年的開始有數個 2010 年底的鳥種仍然停留, 包括在米埔自然保護區的兩隻寒林豆雁逗留至 2 月 22 日, 同樣在米埔的一隻雌性白秋沙鴨更停留至 3 月 4 日, 而在大埔滘的栗頭鶲鶯最後紀錄是在 1 月 9 日 1 月 9 日起在大埔滘錄得一隻雄性棕腹大仙鶲, 同月 31 日更有一隻雌性出現 1 月分有頗多鶇及鴝的記錄, 其中懷氏地鶇 灰背鶇 白腹鶇及北紅尾鴝都錄得高數量 1 月 19 日在西貢西沙錄得一隻斑背大尾鶯, 是香港的第四個紀錄, 亦是第一個在野外辨識到的紀錄 龍虎山郊野公園的寶珊路, 在 1 月底至 2 月是不錯的觀鳥點, 有一隻雄性棕腹大仙鶲, 另外亦有一雌一雄的小仙鶲在此逗留至 3 月, 同時更有一隻雄性的日本歌鴝 1 月 29 日在南丫島拍攝到一隻雌性橙胸姬鶲, 是這兩個月期間三個紀錄中的第一隻, 隨後 2 月初在新娘潭錄得一隻雄性, 以及在元朗錄得一隻雌性 雖然本年 1 月氣溫較低, 但后海灣水鳥調查最高數字為 76,679 隻, 比過去兩年冬季下跌 12% 本年冬季羅紋鴨數量頗高, 在 2 月 12 日錄得 20 隻的最高數量 2 月 20 日在米埔自然護理區錄得一隻美洲綠翅鴨, 是自 1997 年以來, 本港的第三個紀錄 白腰杓鷸數字在 1 月分水鳥調查中打破歷來紀錄, 錄得 1,602 隻的新高 相反數個鳥種數量卻未如理想, 綠頭鴨只錄得一隻, 翹鼻麻鴨只有 3 隻, 骨頂雞亦只錄得 125 隻, 印緬斑嘴鴨和卷羽鵜鶘更全年沒紀錄 2 月值得留意的是全個月皆在林村谷出現的多達 50 隻黑尾蠟嘴雀 兩隻黑頭蠟嘴雀, 和一隻被認為是逃逸鳥的錫嘴雀 2 月 3 日在大埔滘錄得一隻純色啄花鳥, 是自 1997 年以來首個獲接納的紀錄 2 月 9 日至 3 月在塱原記錄到的一隻黃眉鵐是該鳥種在港首個越冬紀錄 2 月 14 日在長洲錄得一隻布氏葦鶯, 是難得在野外確認的 Acrocephalus 屬罕見葦鶯

30 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 年春季 (3 月至 5 月 ) 本年 3 至 5 月大致天晴乾燥, 而對春季鳥況影響最大的 4 月氣候亦如是 冬季最後一個冷鋒在 4 月 3 日掠過本港, 除了 4 月 17 和 22 日及 5 月底有低氣壓出現外, 整個春季的溫和氣候, 讓大部分春季過境鳥持續遷徙而無需停棲休息, 故本年春季可算是多年來鳥況最差的 3 月分錄得數個特別的鳥種, 包括 :8 至 21 日在米埔泥灘錄得兩隻棕頭鷗成鳥, 是自 2008 年首個紀錄 ;20 日在錦田錄得一隻白鶺鴒 personata 亞種, 是該類別在港的第四個紀錄 ; 另外 29 日在元朗錄得一隻黃眉姬鶲 owstoni 類, 是此分類在本年春季的第一個紀錄, 第二個紀錄在 4 月 10 至 13 日於石崗出現 4 月份陸鳥與海鳥的鳥況皆強差人意, 其中有兩個令人鼓舞的紀錄 第一個是 4 月 5 至 11 日在蒲台記錄到的一隻雌性赭紅尾鴝, 是自 1995 年本港第二個紀錄 值得一提的是, 這鳥種的第一個紀錄當年只由一位觀鳥者看見, 這次的個體雖然常常隱藏起來, 但由於牠逗留了一段頗長的時間, 很多觀鳥者和攝影師都能一睹 另一個 4 月份最佳紀錄, 是 24 日在城門下水塘錄得的香港首個灰燕鵙紀錄 該鳥在偶然情況下由一位當日只打算在附近散步的人士發現, 令人惋惜的是, 在大批觀鳥者滿懷希望到場守候的翌日, 該鳥並未有再出現 香港春季是大量涉禽過境的高峰期 2011 年后海灣的過境涉禽數量偏低, 以各鳥種最高數量計算總和為 16,187 隻, 單日最高總數為 9,482 隻, 比過往四年的平均數下跌四成 在 3 月 1 日錄得 3,705 隻澤鷸的新高, 相反鶴鷸的最高數量只有 463 隻, 是 香港鳥類名錄 出版以來的新低 易危鳥種半蹼鷸繼過往四年出現高數量後, 本年數量回落 瀕危鳥種小青腳鷸本年春季最少共錄得 46 隻, 令人滿意 極度瀕危的勺嘴鷸今季數量平平, 共錄得四隻 其他后海灣的鳥類紀錄包括 :2 月分曾出現的美洲綠翅鴨在 4 月 4 日再度出現 ; 而 4 月 5 日則在米埔自然保護區內錄得一隻三趾鷗成鳥, 另外在 4 月 5 至 11 日亦在泥灘錄得一隻第一次度夏的遺鷗 春季亦是海鳥過境本港的高峰期, 可惜本年海鳥鳥況亦未如理想 普遍來說, 遷徙越過南中國海的海鳥, 需遇上強烈東風才會移至本港海域 本年 4 至 5 月間, 風力達四級或以上程度的日子只有五天, 風力亦沒有持續兩天以上, 因此過境遷徙的燕鷗和賊鷗數量偏低 自 2006 年本港首次錄得短尾鸌起, 每年春季過境平均數量為 30 隻, 本年整個春季只錄得一隻, 讓人大為失望 4 月下旬和 5 月鳥況平靜, 只有數個例外, 尤其是鷚科鳥類 4 月 30 日至 5 月 29 日期間, 共錄得逾 20 隻北鷚, 是自 1999 年颱風利奧襲港以來春季最高數量 5 月 10 日傍晚在蒲台更錄得本港第二個粉紅胸鷚紀錄, 可惜這個體在翌日清晨已不復見 4 月 30 日在塱原錄得 3 隻栗葦鳽, 是自 香港鳥類名錄 出版以來單日最高數量 5 月 11 及 19 日分別在大埔滘和西沙記錄到黑冠鳽的鳴叫 最後, 有數個鳥種刷新了春季最遲紀錄, 包括 :4 月 25 日的方尾鶲 ;5 月 1 日的白眉鵐 ;5 月 5 日的灰臉鵟鷹 ;5 月 18 日的小蝗鶯, 以及 5 月 26 日的暗灰鵑鵙和小鵐

31 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 年夏季 (6 月至 8 月 ) 6 月和 7 月的天氣大致正常 共有三個熱帶風暴接近本港, 兩個在 6 月, 一個在 7 月, 其中第二個, 即熱帶風暴海馬在 6 月 22 日掠過本港西南面, 令兩隻不幸的海鳥受困 8 月天晴炎熱, 雨量不多 鷺鳥林普查數據顯示, 大白鷺與小白鷺繁殖情況良好, 池鷺數量正常, 夜鷺與牛背鷺數量則下跌 根據近十年資料, 大白鷺有輕微增加的趨勢, 小白鷺 池鷺和牛背鷺數量平穩, 而夜鷺則持續下跌 燕鷗調查在大鵬灣錄得包括褐翅燕鷗 黑枕燕鷗和粉紅燕鷗三個鳥種, 共 533 隻燕鷗繁殖, 稍低於過去十年 574 隻的平均數 但另外亦在南部及東部海域的繁殖地點, 錄得 564 隻燕鷗, 即全港海域合共錄得 1,097 隻燕鷗繁殖, 褐翅燕鷗佔 56%, 黑枕燕鷗 33%, 粉紅燕鷗則佔 11% 近年易危鳥種白頸鴉在港最高數量幾乎每年遞增, 本年亦不例外,6 月 3 日在米埔自然護理區錄得 143 隻新高紀錄 金頭縫葉鶯在港數量近年亦有增長, 本年 6 月 6 日在梧桐寨錄得 14 隻的新高 7 月 3 日在元朗錄得一對金翅雀成鳥與一隻幼鳥,8 月分別在兩個地點錄得霍氏鷹鵑的幼鳥 其他意想不到的夏季紀錄包括 :6 月 30 日在米埔錄得一隻半蹼鷸 ;7 月 2 日在梅窩錄得一隻白額燕鷗, 是歷來第二個夏季紀錄 ;7 月 12 日在落馬洲錄得一隻栗葦鳽 ; 以及 7 月 17 日在鳳園錄得一隻黑冠鵑隼 一群鳳頭鸊鷉在后海灣福田岸度夏, 是一項前所未有的紀錄 本年夏季最有趣亦最不幸的事件發生於 6 月 22 日, 亦即熱帶風暴海馬掠過本港時 6 月 23 日先於九龍東的土瓜灣發現一隻垂死的白額鸌, 翌日再在九龍半島的另一邊, 於長沙灣一遊樂場發現另一隻垂死的褐燕鸌, 此鳥種是第一次在港錄得 不幸地, 兩隻鳥均在療養數日後不治 7 月底至 8 月如常陸續有秋季過境鳥出現 數個鳥種亦打破秋季最早出現的紀錄, 包括 : 7 月 26 日的針尾 / 大沙錐 ;7 月 31 日的黑腹濱鷸 ;8 月 8 日的淡色沙燕 ; 及 8 月 28 日的紫綬帶 2011 年秋季 (9 月至 11 月 ) 本年秋季氣候普遍溫和 9 月乾燥和暖, 較特別的是颱風納沙在 29 日於本港西南面掠過 10 月整體天氣平穩, 沒異常情況 11 月亦和暖, 有一微弱東北季候風到港, 以及在 8 至 13 日有一道寒冷北風吹至 與春季的情況相似, 穩定的天氣狀況令本年秋季的鳥況相當平靜 9 月 2 日在大埔滘村錄得一隻褐胸鶲, 是本港第五個紀錄, 亦是繼 2010 年後第二次在 9 月份錄得這鳥種 9 月 6 日及 27 日各在米埔自然保護區環誌了一隻北短翅鶯, 是首次在 9 月份錄得這鳥種 易危鳥種遠東葦鶯已成為香港初秋過境的常客, 本年的 9 月 6 日至 10 月 18 日期間, 更破紀錄錄得最少 11 隻 山鶺鴒是另一打破初秋過境最高數量紀錄的鳥種,8 月 28 日至 10 月 23 日期間共在九個地點錄得 11 隻 另外兩種近年在港數量有所增加的鳥種亦刷新數量紀錄 :9 月 24 日在城門錄得 15 隻綠翅短腳鵯 ; 以及 9 月 28 日在米埔錄得 4 隻鵲鷂 9 月亦錄得兩個打破秋季最早出現的紀錄, 包括 :17 日在米埔環誌的黑枕王鶲 ; 和

32 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary 日在塱原錄得的黃眉鵐 9 月最後的好紀錄, 是 24 日在米埔浮橋錄得的一隻劍鴴 本年秋季小型猛禽鳥況頗佳,10 月全月至 11 月皆定期錄得阿穆爾隼 燕隼和雀鷹 10 月 4 日在塱原記錄到 11 隻黑冠鵑隼, 是 2000 年以來最高紀錄 10 月亦有其他罕見紀錄, 包括 :16 日在蒲台錄得本港第二個純色尾鶲鶯紀錄 ;19 日在落馬洲錄得一隻嘰喳柳鶯 ; 以及 21 日在寶珊道錄得 14 年來首個獲接納的綠背姬鶲紀錄 10 月 24 日在米埔環誌到一隻鈍翅葦鶯, 是今年三個紀錄的首個, 另外兩個紀錄分別是在 11 和 12 月 10 月 30 日在深涌記錄的純色啄花鳥, 是本年第二個紀錄 11 月的北風為蒲台帶來數隻遲來的白腹藍姬鶲, 在 11 月 10 日錄得最少 12 隻, 部分逗留至月底 蒲台其他特別紀錄包括,11 月 2 日錄得秋季過境琉磺鵐, 以及 16 日錄得的雄性黃眉姬鶲 11 月 13 日在塱原錄得一隻鳳頭鵐, 是 2010 年的兩次紀錄後再度錄得, 同日於米埔自然護理區錄得一隻紅翅綠鳩 最後,11 月 23 在米埔環誌到一隻葦鵐, 而 11 月 23 至 12 月 6 日在新田則有一隻粉紅椋鳥幼鳥 2011 年冬季 (12 月 ) 12 月寒冷乾燥, 一共有四道寒冷北風抵港, 當中 12 月 8 至 13 日的最為強勁 12 月 6 日在米埔浮橋錄得一隻蠣鷸, 是本港第四個紀錄, 也是最早出現的紀錄 本年第三個 ( 亦是最後一個 ) 香港新紀錄鳥種, 是由香港觀鳥會觀鳥基礎班拍攝到的 :12 月 11 日在米埔自然護理區 20 號塘, 拍攝到一隻正受一隻白頸鴉襲擊的大型猛禽, 其後根據相片鑑定為蒼鷹 可惜該鳥只在當天出現, 之後沒能再找到 12 月 15 日在白沙澳記錄到一隻淡眉柳鶯 本月的后海灣水鳥調查共錄得 488 隻黑臉琵鷺, 是這瀕危鳥種在后海灣第二高的數量紀錄 最後, 月底在林村谷錄得一隻鳳頭蜂鷹, 很可能是連續三年在此越冬的同一個體

33 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Annual Summary

34 Systematic List 2011 Taxonomy The Records Committee follows the International Ornithological Congress (IOC) taxonomy and the scientific nomenclature that goes with it. The species list in this Systematic List follows the taxonomy of the IOC List v3.2. Systematic List Format The format for each species is as follows: i) Title, giving common name in English, scientific name, common name in Chinese, species category and IUCN Red List Conservation Status, where applicable. ii) Brief description of the status in Hong Kong as at end of 2010, in italics. iii) Summary of records for the year The species category definition is as follows: Category I: species that have been recorded in an apparently wild state in HK. Category IIA: southeast China breeding species, the currently established HK breeding population of which is considered to derive from captive stock, but which probably occurred in HK prior to habitat changes. Category IIB: extralimital species that, although originally introduced to HK by man, maintain a regular feral breeding stock without necessary recourse to further introduction. Category IIC: previously established feral species. Category III: species for which all published HK records are considered likely to relate to birds that have escaped or have been released from captivity. The Conservation Status is based on the IUCN Red List and any status other than Least Concern is indicated by the use of abbreviations. These are: IUCN Red List (2011.2) CE Critically Endangered EN Endangered VU Vulnerable NT Near-threatened The Systematic List provides a summary of the records reported in Hong Kong during the year in question but does not include all records received and archived. Records are not listed individually unless they differ from the typical pattern as described in italics below the species name, or concern a species sufficiently uncommon to warrant

35 listing all records. Where possible, the description is divided into seasons or winter periods with only the highest count and extreme dates provided. The peak count refers to the highest count in the year. Sites of occurrence are not generally listed unless records occur in atypical habitats or at unusual times of year. All records of species requiring assessment by the Records Committee are listed in full. Peak counts by year since the year 2000 are given for most waterbirds and some other species to give a recent historical perspective to the numbers. If provided, these appear in tables at the end of the relevant species account. This report also includes Weekly Occurrence Graphs for 22 land bird species. These are based on the Avifauna Red Charts (page 116 of The Avifauna) and are the sum of peak counts of the species at separate locations for each weekly period in the year, including data in The Avifauna plus annual data from 1999 to They give an indication of the frequency of occurrence of the species during the year. The species have mostly been been chosen where the annual occurrence pattern has changed since The Avifauna. It is intended to include Weekly Occurrence Graphs for other species in future Annual Reports. Abbreviations used in the species accounts are listed below. CP Country Park NNR National Nature Reserve DB Deep Bay NT New Territories HK Hong Kong SI Starling Inlet HKBR Hong Kong Bird Report SW Shuen Wan KFBG Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden WC Waterbird Count LMC Lok Ma Chau Spur Line Wetland Mitigation Area WMP Waterbird Monitoring Programme MPNR Mai Po Nature Reserve WP Wetland Park Monthly Waterbird Counts Counts of waterbird species are conducted as part of the Ramsar Site Waterbird Monitoring Programme on behalf of AFCD on a monthly basis throughout the year at Deep Bay, Starling Inlet and Shuen Wan. A full set of the Deep Bay counts for each month in 2011 is given in tables at the end of the Systematic List. Where appropriate, totals from these counts are included in the main text under the description WC. Note that, in order to provide a complete overview of waterbird populations in Deep Bay, these waterbird counts include Futian NNR, Shenzhen in addition to sites in Hong Kong. Given the movement of birds between Hong Kong and Shenzhen, these totals are included to provide data on the number of birds using Deep Bay as a whole. The dates of the monthly Waterbird Counts conducted during 2011 were: J F M A M J J A S O N D th 13 th 13 th 17 th 8 th 19 th 17 th 14 th 11 th 9 th 13 th 18 th The waterbird totals might include counts made up to a week either side of the actual count date

36 Sources of Data for the 2011 Systematic List Most of the data within the 2011 Systematic List comes in the form of records from individuals. However, a substantial amount of data now comes from on-going and one-off projects, the major ones in 2011 being the following. Waterbird Monitoring Programme (WMP) This programme, funded by AFCD, covers the Deep Bay area and counts waterbirds and shorebirds at regular intervals throughout the year. This is an on-going project which first started in 1979, and in its current form in WWF Morning Bird Count WWF staff count all bird species within the WWF Mai Po NR on a twice-monthly basis throughout the year. This monitoring activity started in Long Valley Weekly Bird Count (LVP) As part of the Nature Conservation for Long Valley programme, counts of all bird species are made at Long Valley on a weekly basis throughout the year. This project started in January 2010 and is supported by the Environment and Conservation Fund (ECF). Ringing Groups Data was submitted by the following Ringing Groups HKBWS Ringing Group (HKBWS RG) and the Hong Kong Ringing Group (HKRG) Tern Breeding Data Tern breeding data comes from the Population Survey of Terns in Hong Kong, 2011, funded by AFCD. Other project sources Data also comes from projects funded by AFCD and run by HKBWS, the main sources being the Research Groups for Egrets and White-bellied Sea Eagle which count breeding activity for these species. Individual records Thanks are due to the following, who submitted their individual records for this report J.A. Allcock, K. & R. Barretto, G.J. Carey, G. Cattrall, N.M. Cheng, K.C. Cheung, J. Chim, G. Chow, A. Crow/KFBG, D.A. Diskin, J. & J. Holmes, T. Hung, J.A. Kennerley, E.M.S. Kilburn, B. Klick, L. Ko/KFBG, P.K. Kwan, J. Lambert, P.J. Leader, R. Lee, C.T. Leung, K. Leung, R.W. Lewthwaite, M. Lisse, H. Lo, J. Martinez, R. Peard, W. Poon, V. Reed, B. Smith, D.J. Stanton, S.L. Tai, W. Tsui, G. Welch, M.D. Williams, H.C. Wong, N. & A. Wong, M. & P. Wong, T. & T. Woodward, WWF-HK and Y.T. Yu

37 Records were also taken from the HKBWS Website (Website). Where recorded, the individual names for these records appear below Allen Chan, K.M. Chan, Peter Chan, K. Ko, K. Koo, C.W. So, Y.L. Tam, V. Yeung. The Systematic List for the year 2011 was compiled by Geoff Welch. References to The Avifauna within the Systematic List refer to Carey et al. (2001)

38 分類總覽 2011 年 分類方法紀錄委員會採用國際鳥類學會議 International Ornithological Congress (IOC) 分類方法及配合此分類方法慣常使用的學命 2011 年分類總覽鳥種名稱按照 IOC 3.2 版本分類列表作出分類 分類總覽規格鳥種資料如下:甲 ) 鳥種標題以英文名 學名, 中文名 鳥種類別以及國際自然保育聯盟紅皮書的保育狀況 ( 若適用 ) 列出 乙 ) 以斜體字概要描述 2010 年前香港狀況 丙 ) 2011 年總結紀錄 鳥種類別如下: 第 I 類: 在香港有明確野生紀錄 第 IIA 類:中國東南部地區繁殖的鳥種, 現時在香港的群落被認為是由逃逸的籠鳥所繁衍的, 但亦可能在棲息地出現變化前已在香港出沒 第 IIB 類:非原居鳥種, 經人為引入香港, 現無需靠額外幫助已能繼續繁衍 第 IIC 類:曾經在香港有野生群落的鳥種 第 III 類:根據所有已發表的香港紀錄顯示, 此鳥種可能在飼養時逃逸或是人為放生 保育狀況是根據國際自然保育聯盟紅皮書及其他現狀使用以下簡稱, 但不包括 無危, 計有 : 國際自然保育聯盟紅皮書 ( ) CE 極危 EN 瀕危 VU 易危 NT 近危 分類總覽提供香港某年份的紀錄匯報, 但不包含所有已收集及存檔的紀錄 除非有關紀錄與鳥種名稱底下用斜體字描述的典型模式不同, 又或某鳥種非常獨特以致必須保存所有資料, 否則不會作出個別紀錄 在容許的情況下, 描述會分為季節或冬季時段, 並只提供最多數目的紀錄及最極端日子資料 鳥種出現位置一般不會列明, 若在罕有的棲息地或非正常時期錄得則例外 另外須由紀錄委員會評核的鳥種已臚列在報告中

39 報告提供自 2000 年大部分水鳥及其他鳥種的年度最高數目, 展現牠們近年的數目 相關的數據顯示在該鳥種闡述後的表格中 此報告亦提供 23 種陸棲鳥種的 每週出現圖表 資料 這些資料是根據 鳥類紅色圖表 ( 香港鳥類名錄 第 116 頁 ) 及每年於不同地點錄得每種鳥種的每週最高數目的總和, 包括了 香港鳥類名錄 及 1999 至 2011 年度的數據 圖表反映該年某鳥種的出現頻率 大部分鳥種是自從 香港鳥類名錄 出版後每年出現的模式發生變化 在未來的 香港鳥類報告 中, 將陸續增加其他鳥種的每週出現圖表 鳥種闡述中所使用簡稱如下 : CP 郊野公園 NNR 國家級自然保護區 DB 后海灣 NT 新界 HK 香港 SI 沙頭角海 HKBR 香港觀鳥報告 SW 船灣 KFBG 嘉道理農場暨植物園 WC 水鳥普查 LMC 落馬洲支線濕地緩解區 WMP 水鳥監測計劃 MPNR 米埔自然護理區 WP 濕地公園 每月水鳥普查這項全年在后海灣 沙頭角海及船灣進行的普查是替漁農自然護理署進行的拉姆薩爾濕地水鳥監察計劃的其中一部分 后海灣 2011 年每月普查數據記述在分類總覽最後的表格中 其他相關的詳細統計資料則在主文裏以 WC ( 水鳥統計 ) 為示顯示出來 為了讓大家全面了解后海灣的水鳥數目, 水鳥普查除在香港進行, 亦包括了福田國家級自然保護區的水鳥數目 考慮到雀鳥在深港兩地間自由往來, 后海灣的整體水鳥數字已包括了該數據 2011 年每月進行水鳥統計的日子為 : 1 月 2 月 3 月 4 月 5 月 6 月 7 月 8 月 9 月 10 月 11 月 12 月 日 13 日 13 日 17 日 8 日 19 日 17 日 14 日 11 日 9 日 13 日 18 日 水鳥普查數據可能包含實際計算當日前後一週的水鳥數目

40 2011 年分類總覽數據來源 2011 年分類總覽大部分數據來自個人紀錄 ; 但亦有相當部分的數據是從現在進行中或一次性的研究項目中取得, 2011 年主要的項目如下 : 水鳥普查計劃 漁農自然護理署資助的水鳥普查計劃, 全年定期在后海灣地區進行水鳥及濱鳥統計 這項計劃從 1979 年首次展開, 現時的模式是由 1998 年開始沿用的 世界自然基金會清晨雀鳥統計 世界自然基金會香港分會成員在米埔自然護理區全年間每月兩次統計所有雀鳥種類 此項監察活動始於 2005 年 塱原每週雀鳥普查 是項普查是塱原自然保育管理計劃的一部分, 全年間每週統計塱原雀鳥種類 此項目始於 2010 年 1 月, 由環境及自然保育基金資助 環誌組 由香港觀鳥會鳥類環誌組及香港鳥類環誌協會提供數據 燕鷗繁殖數據 2011 年度香港燕鷗繁殖調查, 由漁農自然護理署資助 其他項目 其他資料來源包括由漁農自然護理署資助及香港觀鳥會舉辦的研究項目, 主要來源計有鷺鳥及白腹海鵰研究組, 這些研究組負責統計上述鳥種的繁殖活動 個人紀錄 感謝各鳥友提交個人紀錄 :( 鳴謝名單請參閱英文原文 ) 互聯網紀錄本報告亦有摘取香港觀鳥會網上紀錄 :( 紀錄發表者的名單請參閱英文原文 ) 2011 年的分類總覽由 Geoff Welch 整理 分類總覽中所提及的參考資料 香港鳥類名錄 是源自 Carey et al. (2001)

41 Hong Kong Bird Report 2011: Systematic List

42 CATEGORIES I-II Chinese Francolin Francolinus pintadeanus 中華鷓鴣 I Locally-distributed resident in areas of grassland with scattered shrubs or rocks, usually found in upland areas. Most records are of birds calling between mid-march and early June; highest count 15 on 30 April Declining in some areas due to succession to shrubland. Although a resident species, all records were from 3 April to 7 August with most being calling birds, peak count four on Tai Mo Shan on 21 May and 1 August. Other records from Siu Lam, Nim Wan, Pak Nai, Robin s Nest, Lamma Island, Tai Long Sai Wan and the hills around Kam Tin. Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica 鵪鶉 I NT Winter visitor and migrant, though much declined and now mostly in late autumn, to open country, often agricultural areas; extreme dates 26 September to 23 May, highest count 15 at Long Valley in winter 1994/95. A poor year with a high count of only one and possibly only four individuals. First winter period: one in the Long Valley area from 8 March to 12 April. Second winter period: recorded from 1 October to 24 November with singles at She Shan, Po Toi and Long Valley. Lesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanica 栗樹鴨 I Rare migrant and summer visitor to freshwater wetland areas of Deep Bay; extreme dates 26 April to 11 October and one over-wintering record. One at MPNR on 12 September. Taiga Bean Goose Anser fabalis 寒林豆雁 I Two of the taxon middendorffii at MPNR from 3 November to end December The two birds at MPNR at the end of 2010 remained until 22 February (many observers). Greylag Goose Anser anser 灰雁 I Four winter records between 6 November and 22 March, the last being in One recorded at Long Valley, Nam Sang Wai and MPNR from 20 October to 22 November was obviously ex-captive (YLT et al.)

43 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna 翹鼻麻鴨 I Previously a common, if somewhat erratic, winter visitor to Deep Bay intertidal areas; now much declined; extreme dates 22 October to 29 May, highest count 4,011 on 17 January The decline of this species over the past decade continued in First winter period: three at MPNR between 2 and 28 January with one there on 5 March. Second winter period: no records. Peak counts in recent years , Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata 鴛鴦 I Rare winter visitor; status now uncertain due to the occurrence of ex-captive individuals. First winter period: a female on Tan Shan River from 22 February to 28 March and a pair near Tai Po from 13 to 20 March. Both these records were considered to be of excaptive birds. Second winter period: two eclipse males of unknown origin at Wo Shang Wai on 29 October. Gadwall Anas strepera 赤膀鴨 I Scarce winter visitor to Deep Bay wetland areas, extreme dates 25 October and 6 May, highest count 42 on 12 January All records from MPNR in the first winter period. No records in the second winter period for the first time since First winter period: recorded up to 14 March with a peak count of 12 on 15 February. Peak counts in recent years

44 Falcated Duck Anas falcata 羅紋鴨 I NT Rare and much declined winter visitor to Deep Bay wetland areas, extreme dates 26 September and 26 May, highest count 413 on 14 January A very good year by recent standards with a highest count since First winter period: regularly recorded at MPNR up to 30 March with a peak count of 20 on 12 February. Second winter period: one at MPNR on 20 November and one at Kam Tin on 19 December. Peak counts in recent years Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope 赤頸鴨 I Abundant winter visitor to Deep Bay wetland areas with two summer records; typically present September to April, highest count 6,705 on 14 January Relatively low numbers by recent standards. All records from MPNR and Deep Bay unless stated. First winter period: high count 2,499 in the March WC, latest record on 16 May. 25 at Kam Tin on 24 January. Second winter period: first record on 4 October, peak count 2,919 in the December WC. Peak counts in recent years ,143 6,705 3,797 4,080 2,744 3,106 2,054 5,764 5,050 4,439 4,429 2,919 Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 綠頭鴨 I Scarce and declined winter visitor to Deep Bay wetland areas; extreme dates 5 October to 22 May, highest count 70 on 7 November A poor year with a high count of only one, the lowest since The Avifauna. All records from MPNR. First winter period: a male from 7 January to 16 February. Second winter period: a female on 21 October, a male from 11 to 14 November and another or possibly the same on 27 December