( 74 ), ) : / / touge / / hata / / kome / / monme / / waku, 97 %,,, :, (,2002),, :, (1987),,,,,, 400,,, , , ( 5, 3,

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1 :, ( ),, ( ) ( ),,,, ( ),,,,,,, 1. 1,,, (,, ) :,,, : chuu/ / naka kan/ / miru f uu/ / kaza, ( ), : koku/ / kuni i/ / suru baku/ / mugi, ( ),, : ka/ / atai jit su/ / makoto bai/ / uru, ( / 39

2 ( 74 ), ) : / / touge / / hata / / kome / / monme / / waku, 97 %,,, :, (,2002),, :, (1987),,,,,, 400,,, , , ( 5, 3, % ), 342, 12596, %,, 2. 6 %,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5 ( ) 342, 337, %,,, ;,,,,, 5,,, :,,,, , : 1) :

3 : (mora), 2) : ( ) : a. / b.,, ( ), [ yuri ] [ hyaku ]/ [ haku ], [ momo ] [ gou ]/ [ kat su ]/ [ gat su ]/ [ kou ], [a - u ], yuri,,, c.,,,, :,, [ kit su ], [ najiru ] ( ),, [ t sume ]/ [ zume ] ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,, ;,,,, 1 2, ;,, 2. 1,, ;,, ; 41

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9 :,,,, ;,, :, [ nen ] ( [ namazu ]), ni n,,, xu, [ taiga ], ( ),,,,,,,, n ng l ng d ng, (ka2 mishimo) ( tao/ tawa),,,, 3) :,, 2, (,, ) :, [ kouji ], ( ),, hu ;, [ kuruma ],,, ch :, [ shit suke ],, m i,,,, : (, tochi),,,,,, l ( 4 ) :,, [ mata ],,,, y, 4),,, l,,,,,,,,,, : ) : : [ keko ], j : [ rai ], l i 47

10 ( 74 ) : [ hen ], bi n : [ ka ], ji : [ hai ], b i : [ ryuu ], l ng : [ niku ], r u : [ ku ], q 2) : : [ don ] ; / [ hataraki/ hataraku ], d ng : [ nen ] ; [ namazu ],, ni n : [ hei ], p ng : [ sui ], cu : [ moku ], m p : [chyuu ] ; [chin ],, zh ng 3),,,, : : [ kuruma ], ch : [ momiji ], hu : [ kouji ] ( ),, hu : [ nagi ], zh : [ hameru ]/ / [ shiboru ], r : [ hanashi ], x n : [ shit suke ], m i : [ taiga ] ( ), ( ),, n ng : [ kamishimo ],,,, n ng 4) : : [ monme ] /, ( ) g, gλψ w n : [ niou ]/ / [ nioi ] [ nihohi ],, g g[in ], y n : [ donburi ],,,, 48

11 : [ don ],, d ng 5) : : [ tochi ],, l : [ waku ],,,, z 6) : : [ maro ],,, m l,,, (,1986) (,,2002) (1987) 168, (,2002) 342,, ;,,,325, 400,, (,1992) 1440, ( :A 1315 ;B 125,, ;C 11, C, 1440 ) ( ), ; ; 20, 137,, :,,,,,,,,,,,, /,,, (,1994) 300, ( ),,, gramme m tre litre, ( ) /, 115, (2002) 2230, 1 (2004), , (390 ), 50, 5, :, (2003) : 1945,, 71,, (,1990 ) 1551,,, 100 ( ) 1440, 5. 6, % 10, % 49

12 ( 74 ) mora, mora ( ),,,,, 20902,, 180 : 1), 2) :,, l ng 3), :, sh n 4), : 5),, : 1) ( 3 4 ) 2) :,r ;,f ;,ti n 3),, :,r ;,m i 4) 3, :, sh ng,, gλϖ,, gλω don, gλξ, ( ) gλψ,, (1998) ( ), : (2002), : (2004), 6, : (2001) ( ), : (2003), 23 4 (1990) ( ), : (1994), : (1999), : (1988),, : ;,,1997 (1998), 17, : (2002) ( ), : (1992), (1992 ), : 50

13 : (1994), ( ), : (1987),, : (1986) ( ), :,, 1937,, 1955, ( ) ;1992 ;1998 / ( ) ; ; ( ) ( : / ) ,,,,,,,,,, 25,,,,, 25,,,,,,,,,,, ( ) 51

14 first2year st udent s as testees. They were asked to write down t he words in Pi ny i n and t heir English equivalent s. The result s show t hat, 1) word frequency had an effect on word learning, and t he words occurring once in t he text were learned better than t hose t hat did not occur ; and 2) character f requency also had an effect on word learning, and t he words consisting of high2f requency characters were learned better t han t hose of low2 f requency character s. A nd t he effect s are st ro nger fo r low2f requency2character words t han for the high2frequency ones. The mechanism of the frequency effect s and the impli2 cation to teaching are discussed in the final part. Key w ords word f requency character f requency disyllabic word learning t he f requency effect s st udent s f rom non2character2using countries A research on transformation from Ka n j i to Chinese SHI Youwei, p39 Chinese characters used in J apan ( Kanj i ) are different f rom t hose used in China in pronunciation, form and type. During t he translation from Kanj i to Chinese, it s nec2 essary to change t he pronunciation and form (as is termed transformation ). This pa2 per analyzes different kinds of Kanj i wit h a special focus on t hose of J apanese origin and discusses relevant t heories o n Chinese characters. Finally it p ropo ses so me suggestio ns to solve t he problems t hat occur in t he transformation. Key w ords Kanj i (Chinese characters used in J apan) J apan2originated Kanj i p honetic translation form translation t ransformatio n Usages of y u ( ) and y ( ) expressing the refuting mood and their grammatical ization SHI Jinsheng, p52 Focusing on y u (again) and y (also) expressing the ref uting mood, this paper point s out t hat t he two words play a role of prominence in sentences like p, (so) q after distinguishing between their common usages and meta2pragmatic usages. It analyses in dept h t he various manifestations of t heir subjectivity, investigates the con2 straining mechanism of grammaticalization t hat has developed from increment to promi2 nence, and finally traces t he cause of t heir difference between strong and weak moods. Key W ords modal adverb subjectivity meta2pragmatic usages abductive rea2 soning grammaticalization The non2uniqueness of conjunctional relator in Mandarin Chinese L IU Xianjun,p61 The conjunctional relators in Mandarin Chinese can be divided into two group s : t he single relator such as y u and t he complex relator such as y u y u. The non2u2 niqueness of t hese relators has been discussed synchronically in t his paper. Firstly, as co2coordinator, the relators g n, t ng, j, y, l ant n g, y j are only related to t he noun category, t he relators d n, r, qu, r n r, k, as adversative, are only related to t he adjective category, and t he relator b n g and y u are related to categories bot h verb and adjective. The relator b ng can be viewed as co2coordinator, p rogressiver and y u the two and adversative. Secondly, t he complex relators can be used to connect with two adjectives or two verbs, regardless of whether t hese verbs and adjectives are harmony semantically or not. Finally, t he relators in Mandarin Chinese can connect two words which are in different word2class. In particular, the aut hor argues t hat if a relator is an adversative, t he two words connected by it must belong to t he same word2class,

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Ps22Pdf ( ) ( ) 2006 ( C I P ) /. - :, 2002. 6 ( ) ISBN7-80176 - 020-4... - -. I207. 62 CIP ( 2002 ) 035654 ( ) : : : ( 100089) 1 : : : 8501168 1 /32 : 2, 030 : 78. 125 : 2002 6 1 : 2006 5 3 : ISBN7-80176 - 020-4