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1 James Harris IUCN SSC Grus leuceogeranus

3 IUCN 3

4 4

5 James Harris IUCN SSC E11376 Shady Lane Road, Baraboo, Wisconsin 53913, USA. Tel: harris@savingcranes.org. Website IUCN zhuanghao@iucn.org.cn. 5

6 16 IUCN Ji et al Ciconia boyciana 95 Grus leucogeranus IUCN IUCN 6

7 Vallisneria spp 50 1 * 7

8 X19 IWRM IRBM IWRM IRBM IWRM IRBM IWRM IRBM X ,225 km 2 98% (Li 2001) (Li et al. 2004) 8

9 1. 4,000 (Shankman and Liang 2003) (Yesou et al. 2009) (Zheng 2009) 9

10 2005 Anser cygnoides Grus vipio 425, , Ji et al Qian et al Neophocaena phocaenoides Hydropotes inermis inermis Psephurus gladius (2010) 10

14 a 2004b

15 (T. Marie, Louis Pasteur ) % > = = Fox Scheffer et al

16 Cao et al 2008a,2008b Cao 2008a 5 Anser eryphropus A. albifrons A. fabalis A. anser (Syroechkivskiy 2006) (O. Goroshko, N. Tseveenmyadag, L. Su, ) Barzen 2008 Grus monacha Cygnus columbianus ICF Barzen et al 2009 (Fox et al ) 16

17 (Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientali) Zhang et al Zhao et al Zhao et al Zhao et al Dudgeon

18 /

20 Zhang et al x 10 8 m (Wu et al 2007a; 2009a) 2005 Fok and Pang 2006 Wu et al. 2007a 2008 De Leeuw et al IUCN Wu et al. 2007a 2007b Wu et al. 2009b De Leeuw et al

21 o C o C 0.75 o C ) mm %

22 1 22

23 Ramsar Convention Secretariat

24 IUCN Emerton, 2009 IUCN PES PES 2 PES PES PES PES IWRM PES PES TEEB 2009 Smith et al Emerton

25 PES PES GTGP Ailuropoda melanoleuca 25

26 8 450 TEEB 2009, Chen et al IUCN 1 26

28 a 6. IUCN

29 a 6. IWRM MRL MRL 29

30 Ramsar Convention Secretariat, 2008a Max Finlayson, Matthew McCartney, Lew Young, Mark Barter, Jeb Barzen, James Burnham,, Jing, Mike Engels, Suzette Graham,, Claire Mirande, Sara Moore, Ganesh Pangare, Crawford Prentice, Randall Reeves,, Mark Smith, Simon Stuart,, Nicolas Tubbs, Wang Ding,, Anonymous Finless porpoise investigation in Dongting and Poyang Lakes. WWF Project Report

31 Barzen J Phase 1 report: How development projects may impact wintering waterbirds at Poyang Lake. Unpublished report submitted to Hydro ecology Institute of the Yangtze Water Resources Commission. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, USA. 14 pp. Barzen J, Engels M, Burnham J, Harris J, and Wu Guofeng Potential impacts of a water control structure on the abundance and distribution of wintering waterbirds at Poyang Lake. Unpublished report submitted to Hydro ecology Institute of the of the Yangtze Water Resources Commission. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wisconsin, USA. 54 pp. Cao L, Barter M and Gang L. 2008a. New Anatidae population estimates for eastern China: implications for current flyway estimates. Biological Conservation 141: Cao L, Wang X, Wang Q S, and Barter M A. 2008b. Wintering Anatidae in China a preliminary analysis. Casarca 11(2): Chen X D, Lupi F, He G M, and Liu J G Linking social norms to efficient conservation investment in payments for ecosystem services. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) 106: URL: A B De Leeuw J, Shankman D, Wu G, de Boer W, Burnham J, He Q, Yesou H, and Xiao J Strategic assessment of the magnitude and impacts of sand mining in Poyang Lake, China. Regional Environmental Change 10: Dudgeon D Requiem for a river: extinctions, climate change, and the last of the Yangtze. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 20: Emerton L Investing in ecosystems as water infrastructure. Using economic and financial tools to sustain ecosystem water services. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Gland. 7pp Fok M, and Pang T Finless porpoises in Wuhan, China. Newsletter of the Department of Ecology & Biodiversity, the University of Hong Kong 34:

32 Fox A D, Cao L, Zhang Y, Barter M, Zhao M J, Meng F J, and Wang S L. In press. Declines in the tuberfeeding waterbird guild at Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve, China a barometer of submerged macrophyte collapse? (5): (1): Ji W, Zen N, Wang Y, Gong P, Xu B, and Bao S Analysis of the waterbirds community survey of Poyang Lake in winter. Annals of GIS 13(1/2): Li D, Wei Z, and Mundkur T Numbers and distribution of waterbirds and wetlands in the Asia Pacific Region. Results of the Asian Waterbird Census: Wetlands International, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 166 pp. Li F China Project Reports. International Crane Foundation, Baraboo, Wi. pp Jeb Barzen James Harris ; ; ; Living Lakes Detailed data for Lake Poyang Hu. &m3=11178&m4=15621&m5= Accessed 12 December Qian F, Yu C, and Jiang H Ground and aerial survey of wintering waterbirds in Poyang Lake basin. In: Prentice C, editor. Conservation of Flyway Wetlands in East and West/Central Asia. Proceedings of the Project Completion Workshop of the UNEP/GEF Siberian Crane Wetland Project, October 2009, Harbin, China. Baraboo (Wisconsin), USA: International Crane Foundation. Ramsar Convention Secretariat. 2008a. Resolution X.17 on Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environmental Assessment: Updated Scientific and Technical Guidance. Ramsar Convention Secretariat, Gland, Switzerland. documents resol resolutions of 10th/main/ramsar/ %5E21247_4000_0 32

33 Ramsar Convention Secretariat. 2008b. Resolution X.19. Wetlands and River Basin Management: Consolidated Scientific and Technical Guidance. documents resol resolutions of 10th/main/ramsar/ %5E21247_4000_0 Ramsar Convention Secretariat Wetland Ecosystem Services Factsheet 1 Flood Control. Ramsar Convention Secretariat, Gland Switzerland. Source for Yangtze River text: 448Y47S 5&_user=10&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C &_version =1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=10&md5=dbceef1e9b8635ff64f07a9e515f7246 Scheffer M, Carpenter S R, Foley J A, Folke C, and Walker B Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems. Nature 413: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity The Ecosystem Approach, (CBD Guidelines) Montreal: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity 50 pp. Shankman D, and Liang Q L Landscape changes and increasing flood frequency in China s Poyang Lake region. The Professional Geographer 55(4) 2003: Smith M, de Groot D, Perrot Maîte D, and Bergkamp G Pay Establishing payments for watershed services. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. Reprint, Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, Syroechkovekiy Jr, E E Long term declines in arctic goose populations in eastern Asia. In: Boere G C, Galbraith C A, and Stroud D A., eds., Waterbirds around the world. The Stationary Office, Edinburgh, U.K. pp TEEB The economics of ecosystems and biodiversity for national and international policy makers. Xiao W, and Zhang X A preliminary study on the population size of Yangtize finless porpoise in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi. Chinese Biodiversity 8: (1): PES,,, (7): Wetlands International Waterbird population estimates fourth Edition. Wetlands International, Wageningen, the Netherlands. 239 pp MODIS

34 (8): Wu G F, De Leeuw J, Skidmore A K, Prins H H T, Best E P H, and Liu Y L. 2009b. Will the Three Gorges Dam affect the underwater light climate of Vallisneria spiralis L. and food habitat of Siberian crane in Poyang Lake? Hydrobiologia 623: Wu G F, De Leeuw J, Skidmore A K, Prins H H T, and Liu Y L. 2007a. Concurrent monitoring of vessels and water turbidity enhances the strength of evidence in remotely sensed dredging impact assessment. Water Research 41: b TM Yesou H, Li J R, Sylviane D, Lai X J, Muriel B N, Chen X L, Huang S F, Crétaux JF, Huber C, Marie T, Li J G, Andreoli R, and Uribe C Large inland lakes monitoring exploiting conjointly ENVISAT low and medium resolution image time series and alimetric data: Case of Poyang and Dongting lakes (P.R.China) from 2000 to 2008 within DRAGON project. ESA SP 674, Proceedings of Earth observation and the water cycle, November 2009, Frascati, Italy. Zhang X, Liu R, Zhao Q, Zhang G, Wei Z, Wang X, and Yang J The population of finless porpoise in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. Acta Theriol Sin 13: Zhang Y, Cao L, and Barter M Changing distribution and abundance of Swan Goose Anser cygnoides in the Yangtze River floodplain: the likely loss of a very important wintering site. Bird Conservation International 20:1 13 Zhao X, Barlow J, Taylor B L, Pitman R L, Wang K, Wei Z, Stewart B S, Turvey S T, Akamatsu T, Reeves R R, and Wang D Abundance and conservation status of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the Yangtze River, China. Biological Conservation 141: Zheng Y Prediction of the distribution of C3 and C4 plant species from a GIS based model: a case study in Poyang Lake, China. MSc thesis, ITC, Enschede, the Netherlands

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<4D6963726F736F667420576F7264202D20A6DBB54DACECBEC7B7A7BDD7A655B667A46ABAF42E646F63> 生物與生活 I: 陸域生物與生態林明炤 ( 南華大學通識中心教授 ) 何謂生物學?(What is Biology?) 舉凡研究生物的生命與結構, 以及其運作之科學, 稱為生物學 The scientific study of the life and structure of living things,