Microsoft Word 李杨-二校出529

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1 7 2 Vol. 7 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Feb., 2016 李杨, 马智宏 *, 平华, 何昭颖, 李冰茹 (, ( ), ) 摘要 : 目的方法 ( ), 5 结果 6, 5, 结论, 5,, 关键词 : ; ; ; Removal efficiency of organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese chives by different rinsing methods LI Yang, MA Zhi-Hong *, PING Hua, HE Zhao-Ying, LI Bing-Ru (Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Risk Assessment Lab for Agro-Products (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing , China) ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the effects of different rinsing methods on removing organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese chives. Methods Chinese chives contaminated chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, diazinon, methidathion and phosemet were rinsed by water, flour water, caustic soda water, rice vinegar water, rice water and salt water, respectively. The gas chromatography was used to analyze the organophosphorus pesticides residues in Chinese chives rinsed by different methods. Results Chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, diazinon, methidathion and phosemet all could be partly removed from Chinese chives by 6 kinds of rinsing methods with rice water and lye had the best results. Phosemet was more likely to be rinsed from the Chinese chives. At the same time, with the increase of standing time of rice water, the removal ability of organophosphorus pesticide with rice water would increase. Conclusion The 6 kinds of rinsing methods in daily life can reduce the organophosphorus pesticides residues and have different removal efficiency. Among all the 6 kinds of rising 基金项目 : (KJCX KJCX ) Fund: Supported by the Innovation and Capacity-building Projects of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (KJCX , KJCX ) * 通讯作者 :,,, mazh@nercita.org.cn *Corresponding author: MA Zhi-Hong, Associate Researcher, Beijing Research Center for Agricultural Standards and Testing, Beijing , China. mazh@nercita.org.cn

2 530 7 methods, rice water is the most effective method. KEY WORDS: rinsing method; organophosphorus pesticide; removal rate; Chinese chives 1 引言,,,,,,,,, [1,2],,,,,,,,,, [3-5], [6-8] Smith [9] 30 s 88% Krol [10] 12, 3, 9 [11] 3, 3 [12], 3,, 6,,,,, 2 材料与方法 2.1 材料与试剂 (, Fisher ); (, Fisher ); (, ); ( ), 100 mg/l,, 2.2 仪器与设备 GC 2010, FPD ( ); DB-17 (0.25 mm 30 m, 0.25 μm); ( - ); ( Buchi ); ( ) 2.3 实验方法样品处理 :, 10 min,, 清水清洗 10 min, 3,, 淘米水清洗 15 min 10 min, 3, 面粉水清洗 1% 10 min, 3,, 碱面清洗 3% 10 min, 3,, 盐水清洗 5% 10 min, 3,, 醋水清洗 1% 10 min, 3,,

3 2, : 样品前处理 20 g,, 40 ml, 1 h, 7.5 g, 1 min,, 2 h 10 ml, 35, 5 ml, 0.45 μm, 3.2 不同清洗方法对乐果的去除效果 2, 6,, 50% 30% 2.5 气相色谱条件 FPD ( )280 ; 220, 270 ; min, 8 /min 270, 13 min; (H 2 ) 80 ml/min, 120 ml/min; ; 1.0 μl 2.6 结果计算 Y(%): Y=(Xd Xc)/Xd 100 Xd (mg/kg); Xc (mg/kg) 3 结果与分析 3.1 不同清洗方法对二嗪磷的去除效果 6 1,,, 70%,,, 21.8% 2 6 (n=3) Fig. 2 Removal efficiency of dimethoate with 6 kinds of rinsing methods (n=3) 3.3 不同清洗方法对毒死蜱的去除效果 3,, 51.3%,, 10% 3 6 (n=3) Fig. 3 Removal efficiency of chlorpyrifos with 6 rinsing methods (n=3) 1 6 (n=3) Fig. 1 Removal efficiency of diazinon with 6 kinds of rinsing methods(n=3) 3.4 不同清洗方法对杀扑磷的去除效果 4, 6, 65.5%,

4 532 7, 56.7% 54% 40%,, 34.2% 5 min, 5,, 15 min 5 5 min 15 min 5 50%, 5 min 2 50%, 30%~40%,,,,,, 4 6 (n=3) Fig. 4 Removal efficiency of methidathion with 6 kinds of rinsing methods(n=3) 3.5 不同清洗方法对亚胺硫磷的去除效果 5, 6, 69.4%, 60%, 50%,, 46.7% 6 (n=3) Fig. 6 Removal efficiency of organic phosphorus pesticide by rice water with different standing time (n=3) 5 6 (n=3) Fig. 5 Removal efficiency of phosmet with 6 kinds of rinsing methods (n=3) 3.6 淘米水放置时间对有机磷去除效果的影响, 5 min 15 min, 10 min, ( 6), 15 min 3.7 不同清洗方法对韭菜中 5 种有机磷农药去除效果比较 1~5, 6,,, 50%, 6 5, 50%,,,, H 3 CO -,, ph, ph,,

5 2, : 533 [13], [14 15],, [16] 4 结论 6,, 50%, 5,,,,,, 参考文献 [1],,,. [J]., 2001, 24(4): Dang ZH, Dong JZ, Gao ZL, et al. Biology and injury of bradysiaodoriphaga on leek in different type of cultivation [J]. J Hebei Agric Univ, 2001, 24(4): [2],,,. [J]., 2015, 35(3): Zhuang QY, Zhang SC, Zhai YF, et al. Different species and formulations to prevent bradysiaodoriphaga on leek [J]. Chin Plant Pat, 2015, 35(3): [3]. [J]., 2013, 15:164. Zhou WN. The harmful of organophosphorus pesticide to humans and the environment [J]. Chin Agric Inf, 2013, 15: 164. [4],. [J]., 2015, 135(15): Li GX, Li SY. Discuss NaCl on organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable degradation [J]. Agric Technol, 2015, 135(15): [5]. [J]., 2014, 21: Ma HN. Pesticide and human health [J]. Capital Med, 2014, 21: [6],,. [J]., 2013, 34(24): Yang LW, Chen Y, Zhang J. Research progress on methods of degradation and removing of residual pesticide in agricultural products [J]. Food Res Dev, 2013, 34(24): [7],,. [J]., 2015, 11: Huang YJ, You MZ, Xu ZL. The degradation method of pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable [J]. Mod Hortic, 2015, 11: [8],,,. [J]., 2015, 43(24): Chen ZW, Luo GW, Teng YM, et al. The effect of different cleaning methods on remove residual pesticides commonly used test of cherry tomato [J]. J Anhui Agric Sci, 2015, 43(24): [9] Smith YS, Madsen EL, Alexander M. Microbial degradation by mineralization or cometabolism determined by chemical centration and environmental [J]. Agric Food Chem, 1995, (33): [10] Krol WJ, Arsenault TL, Pylypiw HM, et al. Reduction of pesticide residues on produce by rinsing [J]. Agric Food Chem, 2000, 48(10): [11],. [J]., 2014, 35(18): Wang N, Shi Y. Stduy on removal of organophosphorus pesticides in Chinese cabbage with different cleaning methods [J]. Food Res Dev, 2014, 35(18): [12]. [J]., 2015, 29(10): Qi ZC. Removal effect of folimat residues in water spinach by rinsing [J]. Occup Health, 2015, 29(10): [13],,,. [J]., 2011, 37: Han L, Hou YX, Wang JH, et al. The redidues of four organophosphorus pesticides on lettuce with different washing methods [J]. Food Ferment Ind, 2011, 37: [14],,,. [J]., 2010, (12): Liu WS, Zhu Z, Zhang XM, et al. Study on removing organophosphorus pesticide residues from vegetable with four rinsing method [J]. Mod Food Technol, 2010, (12): [15],. [J].

6 534 7, 1998, 27(1): 作者简介 Tan YQ, Li WA. The method of removing methamidophos from contaminated vegetables [J]. J Hyg Res, 1998, 27(1): [16],,,. [J]., 2006, (1): 李杨, 硕士, 助理研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全 ly @126.com Xu AP, Wang FH, Du YQ, et al. Rmoval effect of three organicphorus pesticides by detergent [J]. J Fujian Agric Technol, 2006, (1): ( 责任编辑 : 金延秋 ) 马智宏, 博士, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品质量安全 mazh@nercita.org.cn

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Microsoft Word 李 杨-二校 出529

Microsoft Word 李杨-二校出529