Microsoft Word - 03 马新华.doc

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Microsoft Word - 03 马新华.doc"

恨养乔
4 years ago
Views:

1 PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT Vol.46 No.2 文章编号 : (2019) DOI: /PED 四川盆地二叠系火成岩分布及含气性马新华 1, 李国辉 2, 应丹琳 2, 张本健 3, 李亚 2, 戴鑫 2, 范毅 2, 曾云贤 (1. 中国石油西南油气田公司, 成都 ;2. 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院, 成都 ; 3. 中国石油西南油气田公司川西北矿区, 四川江油 ) 基金项目 : 中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目四川盆地天然气资源潜力分析及新区新领域勘探目标评价 (2016E-0601) 摘要 : 基于露头地震测井和钻井资料分析, 结合勘探实践成果, 对四川盆地二叠系火成岩特征分布储集性能及含气性进行研究分析表明, 盆地内二叠系发育中心式火山喷发岩相, 其岩性组合及分布特征表现出明显差异性 ; 火成岩主要分布于 3 个区域 : 盆地西南部, 主要为大面积溢流相玄武岩 ; 盆地中西部的简阳三台地区, 发育侵入岩火山熔岩 ( 玄武岩 ) 和火山碎屑岩 ; 川东达州梁平地区, 则仅为辉绿岩和玄武岩研究得出以下 5 方面的认识 : 1 上二叠统火成岩可分为侵入岩和喷出岩两大类, 以喷出岩占主体, 在化学成分上既具有碱性玄武岩特点, 也具有拉斑玄武岩特点, 属偏碱性的过渡型玄武岩浆喷发 ;2 溢流相的玄武岩在纵向上具有明显的韵律结构, 单韵律层自下而上为火山碎屑岩 ( 不发育 ) 深灰灰色斑状玄武岩 ( 不稳定 ) 深灰带紫色微晶 - 隐晶玄武岩深灰绿色气孔状杏仁状玄武岩 ; 中心式火山喷发也具有韵律性, 纵向上自下而上为火山碎屑岩 ( 集块岩角砾岩 ) 火山熔岩凝灰质熔岩的演化序列 ;3 玄武岩和火山碎屑岩的孔隙类型具多样性, 以溶蚀孔脱玻化微孔为主, 但物性差异大, 玄武岩储集层表现为超低孔渗, 厚度小, 分布于旋回中上部及顶部, 横向可对比性较差 ; 火山碎屑岩为中高孔储集层 (YT1 井 : 孔隙度 8.66%~16.48%, 平均值为 13.76%), 厚度较大, 储集层品质较好 ;4 盆地西南部玄武岩中的天然气主要来源于中二叠统, 盆地中西部火山碎屑岩中天然气来自于寒武系筇竹寺组 ;5 分析不同地区火成岩成藏条件, 盆地西南部气源相对不足储集层欠发育, 保存条件差异性较大, 含气性较复杂 ; 盆地中西部简阳三台地区烃源充足储集层发育保存条件优越, 天然气地质条件优越, 是天然气勘探有利区图 10 表 4 参 13 关键词 : 四川盆地 ; 上二叠统 ; 茅口组 ; 火成岩 ; 火山熔岩 ; 火山碎屑岩 ; 储集性 ; 含气性 ; 天然气藏中图分类号 :TE122 文献标识码 :A Distribution and gas-bearing properties of Permian igneous rocks in Sichuan Basin, SW China MA Xinhua 1, LI Guohui 2, YING Danlin 2, ZHAGN Benjian 3, LI Ya 2, DAI Xin 2, FAN Yi 2, ZENG Yunxian 2 (1. Southwest Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Chengdu , China; 2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch Company, PetroChina, Chengdu ; 3. Northwestern Camp in Sichuan, Southwestern Oil and Gas field Branch Company, PetroChina, Jiangyou, Sichuan , China) Abstract: Based on the analysis of outcrop, seismic, logging and drilling data, combined with exploration practice, the characteristics, distribution, reservoir performance and gas-bearing properties of Permian igneous rocks in Sichuan Basin are studied. The study shows that central volcanic eruptive facies are developed in Sichuan Basin, and their lithological assemblages and distribution characteristics show obvious differences. The igneous rocks are mainly distributed in three regions: the southwestern part of the basin has dominantly largescale overflow facies basalts; the central and western part of the basin, Jianyang-Santai area, develop intrusive rocks, volcanic lavas (basalts) and pyroclastic rocks; and the eastern part of Sichuan, Dazhou-Liangping area, only develop diabase and basalts. Five aspects of understandings are achieved: (1) The Upper Permian igneous rocks can be divided into intrusive rocks and extrusive rocks, with the extrusive rocks as the main body. The chemical compositions of the extrusive rocks are characterized by both alkaline basalt and tholeiitic basalt, and belong to the subalkaline type of transitional basalt magma eruption. (2) There are obvious rhythmic structures vertically among overflow facies basalt, and the single rhythmic layer consists of, from bottom up, pyroclastic rocks (undeveloped), gray and dark gray porphyritic basalts (unstable), dark gray and purple microcrystalline-cryptocrystalline basalts, dark greyish green porous and amygdaloid basalts; the central volcanic eruption shows the rhythm and the vertical sequence of volcanic clastic rocks (agglomerates and breccias), volcanic lava, tuffaceous lava from bottom to top. (3) The pore types of basalt and pyroclastic rocks are diverse, mainly dissolution pore and de-vitrification micropore, but their physical properties are different. Basalt is characterized by ultra-low pore permeability, small reservoir thickness, and reservoirs are distributed in the upper and middle parts of the cycle, with poor lateral comparability. Volcanic clastic rocks are medium to high porous reservoirs (Well YT1: porosity: 8.66% 16.48%, average 13.76%) with large thickness and good reservoir quality. (4) Natural gas in basalts in southwestern basin mainly comes from Middle Permian, and natural gas in volcanic clastic rocks in central and western basin comes from Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation. (5) Analysis of igneous reservoir-forming conditions in 2

2 different areas shows that there are relatively insufficient gas sources and great differences in preservation conditions in southwestern basin. Reservoirs are poorly developed and gas-bearing is complex. The Jianyang-Santai area in the central and western part of Sichuan Basin has abundant hydrocarbon sources, developed reservoir, favorable preservation conditions and favorable gas geological conditions, and it is a favorable area for gas exploration. Key words: Sichuan Basin; Upper Permian; Maokou Formation; igneous rock; volcanic lava; pyroclastic rock; reservoir property; gas bearing; natural gas reservoir 引用 :,,,. [J]., 2019, 46(2): MA Xinhua, LI Guohui, YING Danlin, et al. Distribution and gas-bearing properties of Permian igneous rocks in Sichuan Basin, SW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019, 46(2): [1-3] P ZG1 ZG YT1 P 2 2 P 图 1 研究区位置图

油气勘探 218 Vol. 46 No.2 13% 榍石 2% 10% 方解石 2% 8% 石英 2 火成岩特征 2% 7% 菱铁矿小于 5% 火山玻璃质 20% 2.1 喷出岩 2.1.1 火山熔岩特征火山熔岩由火山熔浆流在地表冷凝状态下形 35% 化学成分主要为铁铝硅酸岩 SiO2 含量为 47.11% 48.42% Al2O3 为 13.69% 14.

3 油气勘探 218 Vol. 46 No.2 13% 榍石 2% 10% 方解石 2% 8% 石英 2 火成岩特征 2% 7% 菱铁矿小于 5% 火山玻璃质 20% 2.1 喷出岩火山熔岩特征火山熔岩由火山熔浆流在地表冷凝状态下形 35% 化学成分主要为铁铝硅酸岩 SiO2 含量为 47.11% 48.42% Al2O3 为 13.69% 14.23% Fe2O3 成 [4-5] 四川盆地上二叠统火山熔岩主要为玄武岩分为 13.57% 14.04% CaO 为 6.95% 8.66% MgO 为布于盆地西南部川中简阳地区华蓥山及川东地区 4.04% 4.56% Na2O 为 1.67% 2.71% K2O 为以盆地西南部最发育分布面积广 1.10% 1.86% 通过对盆地西南部上二叠统玄武岩分析矿物成按岩石结构分类玄武岩可分为隐晶-微晶玄武分主要为斜长石含量为 35% 60% 辉石 5% 岩斑状玄武岩气孔状玄武岩杏仁状玄武岩见 10% 绿泥石 12% 30% 钛铁矿及磁铁矿 5% 图 2 a DS1 井 m 隐晶-微晶玄武岩 b HS1 井 m 斑状玄武岩 c ZG1 井 m 斑状玄武岩 d ZG2 井 m 气孔状玄武岩 e ZG2 井 m 火山角砾岩 f DS001-X4 井 m 含凝灰质角砾岩 g YT1 井 m 含角砾凝灰熔岩 h YT1 井 m 火山角砾岩 i DS1 井 m 凝灰岩图2 四川盆地上二叠统火成岩岩类图版隐晶-微晶玄武岩指岩石中的矿物及组分分布较均匀无定向性也无气孔杏仁体及斑晶具间隐结构块状构造普遍发育柱状节理孔隙内常见辉石钛铁矿磁铁矿榍石橄榄石等粒状矿物亦见晶间充填玻璃质或少许片状矿物杏仁状玄武岩指玄武岩中见杏仁体分布杏仁体斑状玄武岩具斑状结构填间结构间粒结构的形成系岩浆中易挥发物在冷凝过程中逃逸后形成气斑晶由多个斜长石晶簇组成聚斑最大可达 5 mm 13 孔 [6] 后被硅质石英葡萄石玉髓绿泥石沸 mm 形态呈星散状放射状束状环带状等晶间石菱铁矿方解石沥青等充填蚀变普遍形如

4 ~3 mm 表 1 不同地区二叠系玄武岩化学成分含量对比表 /% SiO 2 Na 2 O+K 2 O YT ~ ~ ~ ~ 火山碎屑岩特征 YT1 131 m YT % 95.5% 19.8% 57.7% 15.5% 41.4% 2.2 侵入岩 TD3 20 m YT1 28 m 3.7% 9.6% 6.4% - YT1 SiO %~ 52.84% 43.08% Na 2 O+K 2 O 2.27%~8.36% 5.91% SiO 2 - Na 2 O+K 2 O 3 YT1 SiO 2 Na 2 O+K 2 O [7-8] [9] 4 [10] 3.1 川西南地区 0~400 m P 2 2 m P 2 3 图 3 二叠系火山岩 SiO 2 -(Na 2 O+K 2 O) 关系图 50~150 m P m

5 220 Vol. 46 No.2 图 4 四川盆地二叠系火成岩相分布图图 5 川西南地区上二叠统峨眉玄武岩组对比图

2019 4 221 2~7 10-3 3.75% 13 7 3 3-1 650 km 2 750 km 2 10.5~41.

2 川中简阳三台地区 2 YT1 YS1 P 2 3 6 图 7 简阳地区火山喷发相地震反射特征图 3.

6 ~ % km km ~41.1 m km 2 200~350 m 3.2 川中简阳三台地区 2 YT1 YS1 P 图 7 简阳地区火山喷发相地震反射特征图 3.3 川东地区 35 4~65 m 8 P 1 3 YA 火山熔岩 9 4.0% 93.94% 4.0%~7.0% 5.05% 7.0% 1.01% 1.39% 5.41% % 2 图 6 简阳地区 YT1 井上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩组柱状图 1.0% 4.3~

222 Vol. 46 No.2 图 8 川东地区上二叠统龙潭组对比图 50.6 m 8.9%~57.7% 1.5% 5 628~5 644 m 5 646~5 675 m 0~32.1 m 0~29.7% 22.5 10 4 m 3 /d ZG1 ZG2 391.2%~ [11] 96.59% 99.8% 13 C 1 4.2 火山碎屑岩 28.1 13 C 2 31.

7 222 Vol. 46 No.2 图 8 川东地区上二叠统龙潭组对比图 50.6 m 8.9%~57.7% 1.5% 5 628~5 644 m 5 646~5 675 m 0~32.1 m 0~29.7% m 3 /d ZG1 ZG %~ [11] 96.59% 99.8% 13 C 火山碎屑岩 C O ~0.042% - YT1 YT1 ZG1 8.66%~16.48% 13.76%0.604~ 98.9% m m % 0.03% m 0.18% 12.5% 火成岩成藏地质条件天然气特征 ZG ~ m m 3 /d YT1

2019 年 4 月马新华等四川盆地二叠系火成岩分布及含气性 223 a ZG2 井 3 193.09 m 绿帘石化玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 b ZG2 井 3 026.00 m 斑状玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 c ZG1 井 2 988.00 m 斑状玄武岩原生气孔正交光 d ZG2 井 3 026.00 m 斑状玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 e YT1 井 5 647.

8 2019 年 4 月马新华等四川盆地二叠系火成岩分布及含气性 223 a ZG2 井 m 绿帘石化玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 b ZG2 井 m 斑状玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 c ZG1 井 m 斑状玄武岩原生气孔正交光 d ZG2 井 m 斑状玄武岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 e YT1 井 m 凝灰岩溶蚀孔蓝色铸体 f YT1 井 m 凝灰岩脱玻化微孔蓝色铸体 g YT1 井 m 含凝灰火山角砾岩脱玻化微孔蓝色铸体 h YT1 井 m 火山角砾岩砾间孔 i YT1 井 m 火山角砾岩溶蚀孔洞 j YT1 井 m 凝灰质火山角砾岩溶蚀孔洞 k ZG2 井 m 斑状玄武岩溶缝蓝色铸体 l ZG2 井 m 隐晶玄武岩构造裂缝 X 状裂缝图9 四川盆地上二叠统火成岩储集空间图版下寒武统筇竹寺组但该区因加里东运动抬升剥蚀至简阳三台地区火成岩下伏烃源岩层同为中二叠震旦系下寒武统筇竹寺组残厚小 ZG1 井残厚为统和寒武系筇竹寺组但该区在早古生代为德阳 13.5 m 生烃能力较差烃源主要来自中二叠统 [12] 但中二叠统碳酸盐岩生烃能力欠佳因此盆地西南部玄武岩的气源略显不足安岳裂陷槽 [13] 寒武系筇竹寺组烃源岩厚度较大 m 生烃能力强是主要烃源层见表 4 火成岩气藏的保存条件的优劣对气藏的形成具有

9 224 Vol. 46 No.2 表 2 川西南地区二叠系玄武岩孔隙度统计表 /% 3.19~ ~ ~ ~ ~ H6 ZG2 图 10 YT1 井二叠系火山碎屑岩物性分布图表 3 四川盆地上二叠统火成岩天然气组分表 /% /m CH 4 C 2 H 6 C 3 H 8 CO 2 H 2 S H 2 N 2 ZG ~ ZG ~ ~ YT ~ 表 4 四川盆地火成岩成藏条件对比表 / /m /% (10 8 m 3 km 2 ) 10~22-0~ ~ ~ ~3 900 m - 6 3

10 参考文献 : implications of Emeishan basalt volcanic cycles in Guanting of [1]. [J]., 1989, 9(1): Jianshui in Yunnan[J]. Journal of Geology, 2014, 38(3): LUO Zhili. Determination of the Emei taphrogenesis and its significance[j]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1989, 9(1): [9],,,. [M]. :, PAN Xingnan, ZHAO Jixiang, ZHANG Xuanyang, et al. Tectonics [2]. [J]., and rifting in Kangdian region[m]. Chongqing: Chongqing 1984, 6(3): Publishing Group, LUO Zhili. A discussion of taphrogenesis and hydrocarbon distribution in China[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 1984, 6(3): [10],,,. [M]. :, MA Yongsheng, CHEN Hongde, WANG Guoli, et al. Sequence [3],,,. [J]., 2001, 28(6): 1-4. stratigraphy and paleogeography of southern China[M]. Beijing: China Science Publishing and Media Ltd, SHEN Junhui, WANG Lansheng, XU Linsheng, et al. The lithofacies [11],,,. and the rock mass structure of Emei Mountain basalt rock mass[j]. [J]. 2006, 29(1): Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, 2001, 28(6): 1-4. ZHANG Ruoxiang, WANG Xingzhi, LAN Daqiao, et al. Reservoir [4],,,. evaluation of Emeishan basalts in Southwest Sichuan[J]. Natural Gas [J]., 2012, 31(2): Exploration and Development, 2006, 29(1): HUANG Yong, HAO Jiaxu, DENG Guibiao, et al. The discovery of [12]. : terrestrial extrusive basalt of Permian Woniusi Formation in Shidian [J]., 2016, 31(1): 1-5. area, western Yunnan Province[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2012, 31(2): HE Songlin. Basalt reservoir characteristics and gas source analysis: [5],. Taking the Upper Permian Emeishan basalt in southwest Sichuan [J]., 2014, 26(1): XUAN Li, LI Jun. Geological characteristics of Emei Mountain Basin as an example[j]. Nonferrous Metals Abstract, 2016, 31(1): 1-5. basalt in the border of Yunnan and Guizhou province and its relationship with copper mineralization[j]. West-China Exploration [13],,. [J]., 2016, 37(1): Engineering, 2014, 26(1): DU Jinhu, WANG Zecheng, ZOU Caineng. Discovery of [6]. [D]. :, LI Qi. The characteristic and genesis of mineral assemblages in the amygdaloidal structure in basalt of Sichuan and Yunnan province[d]. Guilin: Guilin University of Technology, intra-cratonic rift in the Upper Yangtze and its coutrol effect on the formation of Anyue giant gas field[j]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(1): 第一作者简介 : 马新华 (1962-), 男, 湖北黄冈人, 博士, 中国石油西 [7],,,. : [J]., 2003, 38(4): XIAO Long, XU Yigang, MEI Houjun, et al. Geochemistry of Emeishan flood basalts at Binchuan Area, SW China: Rock types and 南油气田公司教授级高级工程师, 主要从事石油天然气地质综合研究及油气勘探开发管理工作地址 : 四川省成都市中国石油西南油气田公司, 邮政编码 : xinhuam@petrochina.com.cn 联系作者简介 : 李国辉 (1964-), 男, 四川仪陇人, 中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院高级工程师, 从事四川盆地油气勘探研究工作地址 : [8] temporal evolution[j]. Scientia Geologica Sinica, 2003, 38(4): 四川省成都市高新区天府大道北段 12 号中国石油科技大厦, 西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院, 邮政编码 : lgh@petrochina.com.cn,,,. 收稿日期 : 修回日期 : [J]., 2014, 38(3): CAO Changlei, MEI Hongbo, HU Guangdao, et al. Division and 张朝军

物质因素能量因素

物质因素能量因素邹才能陶士振周慧张响响何东博周川闽王岚王雪松李富恒朱如凯罗平袁选俊徐春春杨华中国石油勘探开发研究院中国石油天然气集团公司中国石油西南油气田公司中国石油长庆油田公司中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技部岩性地层油气藏地质理论与勘探技术研究项目根据成岩作用和成岩相对储集层发育的控制作用及与储集层分布的关系探讨成岩相的形成机理划分方案与评价方法及其在油气勘探中的应用和意义