カテゴリー Ⅰ 日本建築学会環境系論文集第 81 巻第 721 号, ,2016 年 3 月 J. Environ. Eng., AIJ, Vol. 81 No. 721, , Mar., 2016 DOI

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1 カテゴリー Ⅰ 日本建築学会環境系論文集第 1 巻第 71 号,3-3, 年 3 月 J. nviron. ng., AIJ, Vol. 1 No. 71, 3-3, Mar., DOI 広島平野における夏季日中の海風が気温分布に及ぼす影響に関する研究 - 海風による気温緩和効果の地図化を目的として - ANALYSIS ON TH FFCT OF SA BRZ ON SUMMR DIURNAL TMPRATUR DISTRIBUTION PATTRN IN HIROSHIMA PLAIN Mapping the sea breeze effects for mitigating urban warming 松尾薫 * **, 田中貴宏 Kaoru MATSUO and Takahiro TANAKA In coastal city, it is thought that the sea breeze has great influence on summer diurnal temperature distribution patterns. Understanding the spatial distribution of sea breeze effects will be helpful for making Urban nvironment Climate Maps. Consequently, this study aims at making the maps of sea breeze effect distribution using the observed data and the numerical simulation results in Hiroshima plain. The results are revealed as follows: 1) The effect of sea breeze for mitigating urban warming is relatively larger in coastal area and the effect is smaller in the inland area. ) The spatial distribution patterns of sea breeze effect for mitigating urban warming being made from the numerical calculation is similar to the one which is made from the observed temperature. 3) The temperatures in the area which are affected by sea breeze are also influenced by surrounding ventilation condition (SVC). On the other, the temperatures in the area which is not affected by sea breeze are not influenced by SVC. Keywords: urban heat island, urban environmental climate maps, temperature distribution, sea breeze, GIS GIS 1) ) 3) ) 5) ) 7)1) 11) 1) 13) 1) * ** 広島大学大学院工学研究科博士課程後期修士 ( 工学 ) 日本学術振興会特別研究員 (DC) 広島大学大学院工学研究科准教授博士 ( 工学 ) Grad. Stud., Graduate School of ngineering, Hiroshima University, Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Assoc. Prof., Graduate School of ngineering, Hiroshima University, Dr. ng. 3

1 ᑠᏛ 䠎㡢ᑠᏛ 䠏 ᕷ༡ᑠᏛ 䠐 ඵᖭᑠᏛ 䠑 ⲡὠᑠᏛ 䠒㒊༡ᑠᏛ 䠓 ⴠ ᮾᑠᏛ 䠔㐨 ᖜဨ 䢳䢵䢰䢲䣯௨ 䢷䢰䢷䣯௨ 䢳䢵䢰䢲䣯ᮍ 1.5 1.

ࠊࡇ Ẽ Ꮫศ㔝ࠊᘓ Ꮫศ㔝 ᐑ 1)ࡀࠊᗈᓥ ἢᓊᆅᇦ ᑐ ࠊᖺ㛫 ࡌࡓᾏ㝣㢼 ᐇ ࡋ ࠋ ࡓᘓ Ꮫศ㔝 ࠊΎ 1)ࡀᗈᓥ ᕷ ࡑ ᆅᇦ ᑐ ࠊẼ どᒁ 㢼 ࢱ㸦 Ẽởᰁᖖ ࢱ 㸧 ࡋࠊᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᯝ ࡋ ࠋࡋ ࡋࠊᗈᓥᖹ㔝㒔ᕷᇦ ᑐ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ 䠎䠒 Ⲩ ᑠᏛ 䠎䠓 ᴋ㑣ᑠᏛ 䠎䠔 ᏳᑠᏛ 䠎䠕 ᑿ㛗ᑠᏛ 䠏䠌 ᐇᑠᏛ 䠏䠍 ༡㡢ᑠᏛ 䠏䠎 ᑠᏛ 䠏䠏 ᗈ ᑠᏛ 䠏䠐 ᓥᑠᏛ 䠏䠑

ࠊᗈᓥᕷ ᇶ 㸯 ࢱ ศ㢮᪉ἲ ࡑ ᯝ ィ ࢱ㸦ᗈᓥᕷ ィ㸦ᖹᡂ 5 ᖺᗘ㸧㸧 ௨ ࡍࠋ 㠃㸸5.

䛻㻟㛫௨ 㝣ᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛒䜛䚹㻣㻞㻜䚸㻣㻞㻝䚸㻣㻞㻞䚸㻣㻞㻢㻣㻟㻝䚸㻤㻢䚸㻤㻣䚸㻤㻤䚸㻤㻝㻜䚸㻤㻝㻝䚸㻤㻝㻞䚸㻤㻝㻟㻤㻝㻠䚸㻤㻝㻡䚸㻤㻝㻢䚸㻤㻝㻣㻤㻝㻤䚸㻤㻝㻥䚸㻤㻞㻜䚸㻤㻞㻝㻤㻞㻣䚸㻤㻞㻤䚸㻥㻝㻜䚸㻥㻝㻟㻥㻝㻠䚸㻥㻝㻥䚸㻥㻞㻜䚸㻥㻞㻝㻥㻞㻞䚸㻥㻞㻟䝟䝍䞊䞁㻯 ᾏ㝣㢼ᚠ

2 1 ᑠᏛ 䠎㡢ᑠᏛ 䠏 ᕷ༡ᑠᏛ 䠐 ඵᖭᑠᏛ 䠑 ⲡὠᑠᏛ 䠒㒊༡ᑠᏛ 䠓 ⴠ ᮾᑠᏛ 䠔㐨 ᖜဨ 䢳䢵䢰䢲䣯௨ 䢷䢰䢷䣯௨ 䢳䢵䢰䢲䣯ᮍ ) ᯝ ጇᙜᛶ ウࡍ Ⅼࠋ ᆅⅬ 䠍㛗᮰すᑠᏛ 䠕 ᕝᑠᏛ 䠍䠌㔝ᑠᏛ 䠍䠍㟷ᓮᑠᏛ 䠍䠎 ಖᑠᏛ 䠍䠏 ᅬᑠᏛ 䠍䠐 ᡞᆏᑠᏛ 䠍䠑 ᕞᑠᏛ 䠍䠒 ᏱရᮾᑠᏛ 䠍䠓 ᒣᑠᏛ 䠍䠔 ᑠᏛ 䠍䠕 ᮾ㔝ᑠᏛ 䠎䠌 ᑠᏛ 䠎䠍 ᑠᏛ 䠎䠎 ᱵᯘᑠᏛ 䠎䠏 ᮾᑠᏛ 䠎䠐 ཎ༡ᑠᏛ 䠎䠑 ᕝෆᑠᏛ ᅗ㸯 ᗈᓥᕷ Ẽ Ⅼ 㸧㢼 ࡋ ቃ Ẽ ᯝ ᙳ㡪ウ Ⅼࠋ ᗈᓥᆅᇦ Ẽ 㛵ࡋ ࠊࡇ Ẽ Ꮫศ㔝ࠊᘓ Ꮫศ㔝 ᐑ 1)ࡀࠊᗈᓥ ἢᓊᆅᇦ ᑐ ࠊᖺ㛫 ࡌࡓᾏ㝣㢼 ᐇ ࡋ ࠋ ࡓᘓ Ꮫศ㔝 ࠊΎ 1)ࡀᗈᓥ ᕷ ࡑ ᆅᇦ ᑐ ࠊẼ どᒁ 㢼 ࢱ㸦 Ẽởᰁᖖ ࢱ 㸧 ࡋࠊᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᯝ ࡋ ࠋࡋ ࡋࠊᗈᓥᖹ㔝㒔ᕷᇦ ᑐ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ 䠎䠒 Ⲩ ᑠᏛ 䠎䠓 ᴋ㑣ᑠᏛ 䠎䠔 ᏳᑠᏛ 䠎䠕 ᑿ㛗ᑠᏛ 䠏䠌 ᐇᑠᏛ 䠏䠍 ༡㡢ᑠᏛ 䠏䠎 ᑠᏛ 䠏䠏 ᗈ ᑠᏛ 䠏䠐 ᓥᑠᏛ 䠏䠑 ᓥᮾᑠᏛ 䠏䠒 ᓥᑠᏛ 䠏䠓 ᓥᑠᏛ 䠏䠔 ᑠᏛ 䠏䠕㛗᮰ᑠᏛ ࡗࡓ ぢ ࠋ 㸰㸬 ᴫせ -1㸬ᑐ ᆅ ᴫせ ᮏ ᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᑐ ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࠋᆅᙧ ᚩ ࡋ ࠊኴ ᕝ ᙧᡂࡉ ࡓ ࢱᆅᙧ ࡋ ࠊࡑ ࢱᖹ㔝 ᅖ ᮾ㒊ࠊす㒊ࠊ 㒊 ᒣᆅ 㝠ᆅࡀᗈࡀ ࠋ ࡓ༡ ᡞෆᾏ ᥋ࡋ ࠋᗈᇦ ぢ ࠊࡇ ᆅᇦ ᅜᒣᆅ ᅄᅜ ᒣᆅ ᅖ ࡓ 㢼㸦Ꮨ 㢼㸧ࡀᙅࡃࠊᾏ㝣㢼ࡀ ࡃ Ⅼ 㐩ࡍ ᆅᇦ ࡉ 1)ࠋཧ ࡋ ࠊᗈᓥᕷ ᇶ 㸯 ࢱ ศ㢮᪉ἲ ࡑ ᯝ ィ ࢱ㸦ᗈᓥᕷ ィ㸦ᖹᡂ 5 ᖺᗘ㸧㸧 ௨ ࡍࠋ 㠃㸸5.7[] 㢼ἣ䝟䝍䞊䞁 ศ㢮᮲ 䝟䝍䞊䞁㻭 ᾏ㢼䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛺䛔㻔㻞䠅䞉㻝㻟䡚㻝㻢䛾㛫䛻㻟㛫௨ ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛺䛔䚹㻥㻡䚸㻥㻝㻣䝟䝍䞊䞁㻮 ᾏ㢼䛜䛟䛜㝣㢼䛿䛛䛺䛔㻔㻟䠅䞉㻝㻟䡚㻝㻢䛾㛫䛻㻟㛫௨ ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛒䜛䚹䞉㻟䡚㻢䛾㛫䛻㻟㛫௨ 㝣ᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛺䛔䚹㻣㻞㻠䚸㻣㻞㻡䚸㻤㻥䞉㻝㻟䡚㻝㻢䛾㛫䛻㻟㛫௨ ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛒䜛䚹䞉㻟䡚㻢䛻㻟㛫௨ 㝣ᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛒䜛䚹㻣㻞㻜䚸㻣㻞㻝䚸㻣㻞㻞䚸㻣㻞㻢㻣㻟㻝䚸㻤㻢䚸㻤㻣䚸㻤㻤䚸㻤㻝㻜䚸㻤㻝㻝䚸㻤㻝㻞䚸㻤㻝㻟㻤㻝㻠䚸㻤㻝㻡䚸㻤㻝㻢䚸㻤㻝㻣㻤㻝㻤䚸㻤㻝㻥䚸㻤㻞㻜䚸㻤㻞㻝㻤㻞㻣䚸㻤㻞㻤䚸㻥㻝㻜䚸㻥㻝㻟㻥㻝㻠䚸㻥㻝㻥䚸㻥㻞㻜䚸㻥㻞㻝㻥㻞㻞䚸㻥㻞㻟䝟䝍䞊䞁㻯 ᾏ㝣㢼ᚠ 䛜ぢ䜙䜜䜛䠄 ᆺ ᾏ㢼䠅䠄㻟㻜䠅 ᇦ㸦Ẽ ࡃࡘ ㄪᰝ ࡀ ࡁࡓࠋ Ẽ Ꮫศ㔝 ࠊ 3) ᗈᇦ㸦ᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᇦ 㸧 ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㐪 ࡀࠊ ヱᙜ䛩䜛㸸1,,[ ] ᐦᗘ㸸13.1[ 㸭ha] ୡᖏ 㸸53,[ୡᖏ] -㸬Ẽ ᴫせ ᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᇦ Ẽ ศᕸ ᢕᥱࡍ ࡓ ࠊᅗ 1 ࡍᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ෆ ᑠᏛ 3 ᆅⅬ㸦ᅗ 1㸧 ⴥ ࠊ ࢱ ࡁ ࢧ ὀ 1) タ ࡋࠊẼ 㛗ᮇከⅬ ࡗࡓࠋ ᗘࢭ ᮇ㛫 13 ᖺ 7 3 ࡋࠊ ᐃ㛫㝸 ศ ࡋࡓࠋ ࢢ ࡗࡓ )ࡀ ࠋࡋ ࡋࠊᮏ ᑐ ࡍ ᗈᓥᖹ㔝㠃 ࡀẚ ᑠࡉ ࢱᖹ㔝 ࠊෆ㝣㒊 ᾏ㢼 -3㸬 ὶ ᮏ ࠊ௨ ᡭ㡰㐍 ࡓࠋḟ❶௨㝆 ࠊࡇ ᪉ἲ ௨እ 㢼 ࠊ㢼 ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ 㞴ࡋ ᯝ ࡘ ࠊࡑ ࡒ グࡍࠋ ࠋ ࡓ ィ ᯝ ࡋࠊ㢧 ᨭᵓ㐀㛫ศ 1) Ẽ ᕸ ࡋࡓ )17) ࡀ ࡀࠊࡇ ศᕸ ๓ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸦ᾏ 㢼㠀ᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᕪ㸧㔜 ࡏ ࡇ ࠊࡑ ࢱ ࢯẼ ィ ᯝ ࡋࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ࡇ ࡋࠊලయ ௨ 3 Ⅼ ࡇ ᾏ㢼㠀ᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᕪ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ࡋࠊࡑ ศᕸᢕᥱ ࠋ ) ィ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ 㸸 ࢯẼ WRF ࡏ ࠊ1) ᯝ ẚ ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ ドࠊ㢧 ὶ 㔞 ศᯒ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᐃ㔞 ᢕᥱ ࠋ 3) Ẽ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ 㛵㐃ศᯒ㸦ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᑠ 㸧㸸ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ࠊᑐ ᆅ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ࡁ ᆅᇦ ᑠࡉ ᆅᇦ ࡋࡓࠋ 1) Ẽ ࢱ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸᢕᥱ㸸 1 ᵝࠊ ィ ᯝ 㠃 ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ࠋ ࡓ ࢬ ᢕᥱࡍ ࡇ ᛮ ࠋ ௨ ᬒ ࠊᮏ ᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᑐ ࠊẼ ࢱ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸᢕᥱ ศࡅࠊࡑ ᑠ ࠊẼ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ 㛵㐃ศᯒ ࠋ ) ࢯẼ ィ ᯝ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ࡇ ࠊᗈᇦ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㐪 ࡀࠊ ᇦ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ Ẽ 3) ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㐪 ࡀࠊẼ ᯝ ᙳ㡪ウࡍ ࠋ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ 㛵㐃 ᙳ㡪 ศᯒ ࠊᮏ ௨ Ⅼ ᚩࡀ ࠋ ) 1) ᡭἲ ィ ᯝ ᛂ ࡋࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ 㠃 Ⅼࠋ ) ᯝ 1) ࢱ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸᆅᅗ ẚ ࡋࠊ 㸱㸬Ẽ ࢱ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸᢕᥱ 3-1㸬ኟᏘᬕኳ ᢳฟ ᗈᓥᆅ᪉Ẽ Ẽ ࢱ ࠊኟᏘᬕኳ ᢳฟ ࡗࡓࠋ ࠊᢳฟ᮲ ௨ ࡘ ࡋࡓὀ )ࠋ

3 1 㝆Ỉ㔞ࡀ 1mm ᮍ ࠋ 㛫ࡀ 㛫㸣௨ ࠋ 䝟䝍䞊䞁A ࡀ 3Υ௨ ࠋ 㧗Ẽ 35 ኳẼࡀ㞵 ࠋ 3 Ẽ 䠄Υ䠅 3䠖 ᕷ༡ ࡇ ᮲ ࠊẼ 䠖㒊༡ 3䠖 ᓥ 5 㛗ᮇከⅬ ᮇ㛫㸦13 ᖺ 7 㹼 3 㸧 ࠊኟᏘᬕኳ ࡋ 35 ࡀᢳ 5䠖ᕝෆ ฟࡉ ࡓࠋ 3䠖 3-㸬ኟᏘᬕኳ 㢼ἣ ࢱ ศ㢮 ࡎࠊ 1 ᥦ ࡉ ᾏ㝣㢼 ᐃᡭἲ ཧ ࠊ 1 ซ 䛾䛿ᅗ㻝䛻ᑐᛂ ࡍศ㢮᮲ సᡂࡋࡓࠋḟ ࠊࡇ ᮲ ኟᏘᬕኳ 35 ศ 䠷h䠹㢼 ࢱ㸦ᗈᓥᆅ᪉Ẽ ࠊẖṇ 㸧㐺 ࡋࠊ 㢼 ࡁ ᪉㸦㢼㛫ኚ 㸧㢼ἣ ࢱ ศ㢮 ࡗࡓࠋ ࠊ 䝟䝍䞊䞁B 1 ࠕᾏᐤ 㢼 ࠕᾏ 㢼㸦༡༡す㸧 ᚰ ࡋ 35 ࡓ 1 ᗘᮍ ᅖ ࡃ㢼 ࠊࠕ㝣ᐤ 㢼 ࠕ㝣㢼 3 䠄Υ䠅䠖㒊༡ ᐃ ࡋࡓὀ 3)ࠋࡇ ศ㢮 ᯝ ࠊኟᏘᬕኳ ࢱ C㸦ᾏ 5䠖ᕝෆ 3䠖 ᓥ 5 㝣㢼ᚠ ࡀぢ㸦 ᆺ ᾏ㢼㸧㸧ࡀከ ࡇ ࡀ ࠋ 3䠖 ḟ ࠊᾏᓊ 㞳㸦௨ ࠊᾏᓊ 㞳㸧ࡀ 5 ᆅⅬ ࢱ ᅗ ࡍࠋ ࠊ5 ᆅⅬ ᾏᓊ 㞳 ᖹᆒẼ ซ 䛾䛿ᅗ㻝䛻ᑐᛂ ࡑ ࡒ ᕷ༡.3ࠊ ᓥ.ࠊ 11.ࠊᕝෆ 13.ࠊ 䠷h䠹㒊༡ 1.3 ࠋࡇ ᅗ ࠊ ࢱ B C ᾏᓊ 㞳ࡀ ࡋ Ẽ 䝟䝍䞊䞁C ࡅ ࠊᆅⅬ㛫Ẽ 3 ᕪ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᥎ᐹࡉ ࠋ 䠄Υ䠅 3䠖 ᕷ༡ 䠖㒊༡ 㸰 & ࠊ& ศ㢮᪉ἲ ࡑ ᯝ 5䠖ᕝෆ 3䠖 ᓥ 3䠖 ซ 䛾䛿ᅗ㻝䛻ᑐᛂ 䠷h䠹 ᅗ㸰 ᾏᓊ 㞳ࡀ ᆅⅬ ᖹᆒẼ ศ㢮᮲ ヱᙜ䛩䜛䝟䝍䞊䞁㻯㻙㻝 ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜 Ẽ䛻䛟䠄㻝㻥䠅䞉ἢᓊ㒊䛻䛩䜛 Ẽᖖ どᒁ䠄 ᑠᏛ 䠅䛻䛚䛔䛶㢼㻝㻚㻜㼙㻛㼟௨ 䛾 ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛔䛯ᚋ䚸㻝㛫௨ෆ䛻䚸㻟ᆅⅬ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸㢼㻝㻚㻜㼙㻛㼟௨ 䛾ᾏ ᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛟䚹㻣㻞㻜䚸㻣㻞㻝䚸㻣㻞㻞䚸㻣㻞㻢䚸㻣㻟㻝䚸㻤㻢䚸㻤㻣䚸㻤㻤䚸㻤㻝㻜䚸㻤㻝㻟䚸㻤㻝㻡䚸㻤㻝㻢䚸㻤㻝㻣䚸㻤㻝㻤䚸㻤㻝㻥䚸㻤㻞㻜䚸㻤㻞㻝䚸㻥㻝㻥䚸㻥㻞㻜䝟䝍䞊䞁㻯㻙㻞 ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜 ᚎ䚻䛻䛟䠄㻝㻝䠅䞉ἢᓊ㒊䛻䛩䜛 Ẽᖖ どᒁ䠄 ᑠᏛ 䠅䛻䛚䛔䛶㢼㻝㻚㻜㼙㻛㼟௨ 䛾 ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛔䛯ᚋ䚸㻟ᆅⅬ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸㢼㻝㻚㻜㼙㻛㼟௨ 䛾ᾏᐤ䜚䛾㢼䛜䛟䜎䛷㻞㛫௨ 䛛䛛䜛䚹㻤㻝㻝䚸㻤㻝㻞䚸㻤㻝㻠䚸㻤㻞㻣䚸㻤㻞㻤䚸㻥㻝㻜䚸㻥㻝㻟䚸㻥㻝㻠䚸㻥㻞㻝䚸㻥㻞㻞䚸㻥㻞㻟㸦㢼ἣ ࢱ 㸧䢻䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢲䢳䢳䢳䢴䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢴䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲 1 䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢳䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢳䢲䢻㢼ἣ䝟䝍䞊䞁 5 Ẽ ࡀప ഴ ࡀぢ ࠋ ᪉ࠊ ࢱ A ࡑ ഴ ぢ ࠋ ࢱ B C 35 Ẽ 㸦 ᮾ㸧 ᚰ ࡋࡓ 1 ᗘᮍ ᅖ ࡃ㢼 ࡑ ࡒ 3䠖 ᕷ༡ 䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲 1 Ẽởᰁᖖ どᒁ 㸦ࠊᏳబ ༡ ᙺᡤࠊ 㒊ᑠᏛ 㸧 ࢱ ࠋ ࠊ 㛫㐣 ἢ ᓊ㒊㡰 ᾏᐤ 㢼ࡀ ࡁጞ ࠊ ᆅⅬ ᾏᐤ 㢼ࡀ ࡃࠋ ᪉ࠊ ࠊ ᆅ Ⅼ ᾏᐤ 㢼ࡀ ࡁጞ ࠋ ᅗ㸱 ࢱ & 㢼 ࡁ᪉ 㸦 ࠊ 㸧 5

4 1 1.5 㛵䢢䢵䢰䢷䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢲䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢲䢴䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䣝儵儣兠兗䣅䢯䢳僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢳䢳䢼䢲䢲凛䠷h䠹 ᅗ㸳 ࢱ & ࠊ& ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㛵 1 1 䢳䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢢䢵䢰䢷䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢲䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢷䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢲䢴䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢴䢲䢳䢵凛䣝儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䢢䢵䢰䢷䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢲䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢲䢴䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䣝儵儣兠兗䣅䢯䢳僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢳䢶䢼䢲䢲凛 1 ᅗ㸴 ᖺ ࢱ & ᾏ㢼 ᯝศᕸ㸦㸸㸧ὀ ࡉ ࠊᅗ 3 ࡍ ࠊ ࢱ C ࠊᾏᐤ 㢼ࡀἢᓊ㒊 ᚎࠎ ෆ㝣 ධ ࠊᖹ㔝ෆ 㛫ᕪ ࡃ ᵝ ࡁጞ ࢱ ࡀぢ ࡓࠋࡑࡇ ࠊ ࢱ C 㸦 3 㸧 ࡉ ศ㢮ࡍ ࡓ ࠊ ศ㢮᮲ సᡂࡋࡓࠋ Ẽởᰁᖖ どᒁ㸦ࠊࠊ㸧 ὀ ) 㢼㢼 ࢱ ࠊࡇ ᮲ 㐺 ࡋࠊ ࢱ C C-1ࠊ C- ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋࡑ ᯝࠊ ࢱ C-1 1 ࠊ ࢱ C- 11 ࡀࡑ ࡒ ヱᙜࡋࡓࠋ 3-3㸬ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸ 1 ᡭἲ ཧ ࠊ 䢢䢵䢰䢷䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢲䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢲䢴䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䣝儵儣兠兗䣅䢯䢴僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢳䢳䢼䢲䢲凛 1 ࢱ A㸧 ᖹᆒẼ Ⅼࡈ ࢱ C-1 㠀ᾏ㢼㸦 ᕪ㸦[ ࢱ C-1]㸫[ ࢱ A]㸧 ồ ࠊࡇ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ࡋࡓࠋ ᵝ ࢱ C- ࡘ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ฟࡋࡓࠋ ࢱ C-1ࠊC- ࡑ ࡒ ࡘ ࠊ11 1 ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᅗ ࡍࠋࡇ ᅗ ࠊ ࡎ ࢱ ἢᓊ㒊 ᾏ㢼 ᯝࡀ ࡁ ࡇ ࡀศ ࠋ ࡓ 11 ࠊ ࢱ C-1 ෆ㝣㒊 1m/s ௨ 㢼ࡀ ࡃ 㛫ᖏࠊ ࢱ C- ෆ㝣㒊㢼ࡀ ぢ㛫ᖏ ࡓ ࡀࠊC-1ࠊC- ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸഴ 㸦ἢᓊ㒊ࡀ 㸧 ࡁ 㐪ぢ㸦㛵.㸧ࠋ ࡇ ࡇ ࠊ ࢱ C-1 11 㡭 ෆ㝣㒊 ࡃ㢼 Ẽ ᯝ ᑠࡉࡃࠊᾏ㢼㢼 ὀ )ࠋ ࢱ C-1ࠊC- ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㛵 ᅗ 5 ࡍࠋࡇ 䢢䢵䢰䢷䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢲䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢲䢴䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢴䢰䢷䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢶䢰䢷䢴䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢰䢲䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䣝儵儣兠兗䣅䢯䢴僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢳䢶䢼䢲䢲凛 ᅗ㸲 ࢱ & ࠊ& ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸ ᅗ ࠊ ࡎ 㛫ᖏ 㛵㧗ࡃࠊẼ ᯝ ࡘ ࠊ ࢱ C-1ࠊC- 㐪 ࡃࠊ ᢅࡗ ὀ ࡁ ၥ㢟 ࠋࡑࡇ ࢱ C ࢱ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ศᕸᅗ సᡂࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ ὀ 7)) ࡋ 1

㸱ィ ᮲ 㖄 ᱁Ꮚ Ỉᖹ᱁Ꮚ 㻰㼛㼙㼍㼕㼚㻝䠖㻟㼗㼙䠄㻝㻞㻜㽢㻝㻞㻜᱁Ꮚ䠅䚸㻰㼛㼙㼍㼕㼚㻞䠖㻝㼗㼙䠄㻝㻜㻟㽢㻝㻜㻟᱁Ꮚ䠅 Ẽ 䝕䞊䝍 Ẽ ᗇ䝯䝋ᐈゎᯒ 䠄㻟㛫㛫㝸䚸㻝㻜㼗㼙᱁Ꮚ䚸㻞㻜ᒙ䠅㻯㻱㻼ゎᯒ ᐈゎᯒ䝕䞊䝍䠄㻢㛫㛫㝸䚸㻝㼻᱁Ꮚ䚸㻝㻣ᒙ䠅

ᐇᑠᏛ ᑠᏛ కᑠᏛ ᮌᑠᏛ 㻙㻜㻚㻞㻟㻙㻜㻚㻞㻤㻙㻜㻚㻤㻞㻜㻚㻠㻣㻙㻜㻚㻞㻣㻜㻚㻜㻢㻜㻚㻟㻡㻹㼑㼘㼘㼛㼞㻙㼅㼍㼙㼍㼐㼍㻙㻶㼍㼚㼖㼕㼏㻼㻮㻸 % 5% 㼁㼞㼎㼍㼚㻌㻯㼍㼚㼛㼜㼥㻌㻹㼛㼐㼑㼘䠄㼁㻯㻹䠅 3% % 㼛㼍㼔㻌㻸㻿㻹 % 䛺䛧

Correlation 'RPDLQ ᓥ ᓥ ప䢢䢼䢢䢳 ప䢢䢼䢢䢳 ᒸ ᒸ 㻜㻚㻥㻞㻜㻚㻥㻞㻜㻚㻥㻢㻜㻚㻤㻝㻝㻚㻜㻡㻝㻚㻟㻡㻝㻚㻞㻜㻝㻚㻝㻝㻜㻚㻤㻡㻝㻚㻝㻜㫽㫽㧗䢢䢼䢢䢳䢷䢺䢳䢸㧗䢢䢼䢢䢳䢷䢺䢳䢸 Correlation

㻞㻡㻜㼙䠅 ᅜᅵ ሗ䠄㛫ゎ ᗘ 㻝㻜㻜㼙䠅 ᅜᅵ ሗ㒔ᕷᆅᇦᅵᆅ ศ䝯䝑䝅䝳䝕䞊䝍䠄㛫ゎ ᗘ㻝㻜㻜㼙䠅 ᗈᓥᕷ䛾㒔ᕷィ ᇶ ㄪᰝ䛾ᘓ 䝕䞊䝍㻭㼞㼏㻌㻳㻵㻿㻌䝕䞊䝍䝁䝺䜽䝅䝵䞁䠄㻱㻿㻾㻵㻌䝆䝱䝟䞁䠄䠅䠅䛾ᘓ 䝕䞊䝍 ቃ 䛾 Ꮡ ᅗ 㛗Ἴ Ẽቃ

㸦UCM㸧 ࡓ ࠊࠕ㒔ᕷ ᅵᆅ ศ 3 ศ 㢮 ࡋࡓࠋලయ ࠊ ࡎᅜᅵ ሗ 㒔ᕷ ศ ࢩ 㧗㧗 బ㈡ బ㈡ ࢱ ࠊࠕ㧗ᒙᘓ ࠊࠕపᒙᘓ 㸦ᐦ㞟ᆅ㸧 ࠊࠕపᒙᘓ ࠊࠕ Ẽ ศ ศ # ᮏ ᮏ Ẽởᰁᖖ ど 5 1 3 ᐃᡤ ᅗ㸵ィ ᑐ 㡿ᇦ㸦ᕥ

ィ ᯝᴫせ ࡎࠊᮏ ࡅ ィ ᗘ ㄆ ࡓ ࠊ ィ ᯝ ᆅ凚䢺䢹凛 ₅ ᆅ凚䢴䢴䢲凛 3 ࡋ ࠊ Ẽở ᐃᡤ ᗈᓥᆅ᪉Ẽ 㸦ᅗ 7㸧 1 㛫㸦Ẽ ᰁᖖ ど ΰ ᯘ凚䢹䢹䢴䢻凛㢼㸧 ࡓࠋලయ ௨ BiasࠊRMSࠊCorrelation

-1㸬ィ ᮲ ଵ ͳ ଶ ሺ ܧ ܯ ሻ ඩ ൫ ݑ ௬ ݑ ௫ ൯ ሺʹሻ ሺ ݐ ݎݎ ܥ ሻ 㸲㸬ィ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ͳ തതത௫ ሻ൫ ݑ ௬ തതതത௬ ൯Ȁߪ ߪ ሺ ሻ ሺ ݑ ௫ ଵ 㸦N: ࢧ ࠊuxi: ) ᮏ ࠊ ࢯẼ

.1 ARW ࡓࠋ 㸦3 ᆅⅬ㸧ࠊ㢼㸦7 ᆅⅬ㸧 ẚ ࡗࡓࠋ ᯝ ࡍࠋ ଵ ࡍ㸧ࠋ ࠊ㢼 തതതത ࠊuyi: ィ ࠊ : തതതത ᖹᆒࠊ ௬ : ィィ ᮲ 3ࠊィ ᑐ 㡿ᇦ ᅗ 7 ࡑ ࡒ ࡍࠋ ࢫ ᖹᆒࠊߪ : ᶆ ೫ᕪࠊߪ : ィ ᶆ

5 㸱ィ ᮲ 㖄 ᱁Ꮚ Ỉᖹ᱁Ꮚ 㻰㼛㼙㼍㼕㼚㻝䠖㻟㼗㼙䠄㻝㻞㻜㽢㻝㻞㻜᱁Ꮚ䠅䚸㻰㼛㼙㼍㼕㼚㻞䠖㻝㼗㼙䠄㻝㻜㻟㽢㻝㻜㻟᱁Ꮚ䠅 Ẽ 䝕䞊䝍 Ẽ ᗇ䝯䝋ᐈゎᯒ 䠄㻟㛫㛫㝸䚸㻝㻜㼗㼙᱁Ꮚ䚸㻞㻜ᒙ䠅㻯㻱㻼ゎᯒ ᐈゎᯒ䝕䞊䝍䠄㻢㛫㛫㝸䚸㻝㼻᱁Ꮚ䚸㻝㻣ᒙ䠅 ᅵᆅ䝕䞊䝍 ᅵᆅ 䝕䞊䝍㞼㐣 ᨺᑕ㐣 ᆅ 㠃㐣 Ἴ 㻹㻹㻡䠄㻰㼡㼐㼔㼕㼍䠅㻿㼔㼛㼞㼠㼣㼍㼢㼑㠀㒔ᕷᇦ 㞼䝟䝷䝯䝍䝸䝊䞊䝅䝵䞁㻠ḟඖ 1 1 RMS㸦Υ㸧㻙㻜㻚㻡㻣㻜㻚㻝㻟㻙㻜㻚㻝㻡㻝㻞㻟㻠㻡㻢㻣 Ẽởᰁ ᖖ ど ᐃᡤ Ẽ ᐇᑠᏛ ᑠᏛ కᑠᏛ ᮌᑠᏛ 㻙㻜㻚㻞㻟㻙㻜㻚㻞㻤㻙㻜㻚㻤㻞㻜㻚㻠㻣㻙㻜㻚㻞㻣㻜㻚㻜㻢㻜㻚㻟㻡㻹㼑㼘㼘㼛㼞㻙㼅㼍㼙㼍㼐㼍㻙㻶㼍㼚㼖㼕㼏㻼㻮㻸 % 5% 㼁㼞㼎㼍㼚㻌㻯㼍㼚㼛㼜㼥㻌㻹㼛㼐㼑㼘䠄㼁㻯㻹䠅 3% % 㼛㼍㼔㻌㻸㻿㻹 % 䛺䛧 1% 1% 䛺䛧 % % 'RPDLQ 'RPDLQ % ィ ᒸᒣ ᒸᒣ ᅗ㸷 ᗈᓥ ᗈᓥ # 㤶ᕝ 㤶ᕝ # ẚ 㸦㢼㸧 # # # # # ᚨᓥ ᚨᓥ ឡ ឡ 㻜㻚㻤㻟㻜㻚㻡㻢㻜㻚㻡㻡㻜㻚㻡㻞㻜㻚㻡㻠㻜㻚㻢㻣㻜㻚㻡㻟 3% ᒣ ᒣ Correlation 'RPDLQ ᓥ ᓥ ప䢢䢼䢢䢳 ప䢢䢼䢢䢳 ᒸ ᒸ 㻜㻚㻥㻞㻜㻚㻥㻞㻜㻚㻥㻢㻜㻚㻤㻝㻝㻚㻜㻡㻝㻚㻟㻡㻝㻚㻞㻜㻝㻚㻝㻝㻜㻚㻤㻡㻝㻚㻝㻜㫽㫽㧗䢢䢼䢢䢳䢷䢺䢳䢸㧗䢢䢼䢢䢳䢷䢺䢳䢸 Correlation 㻝㻚㻝㻟㻝㻚㻣㻤㻜㻚㻥㻟 Bias㸦㼙㻛㼟㸧 RMS㸦㼙㻛㼟㸧 Ⅼ 㻼㼡㼞㼐㼡㼑㻌㻸㼕㼚㻌㼟㼏㼔㼑㼙㼑㻾㼍㼜㼕㼐㻌㻾㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼒㼑㼞㻌㻹㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌䠄㻾㻾㼀㻹䠅㻸㼛㼚㼓㼣㼍㼢㼑㒔ᕷᇦ ᑠᏛ ᗈᓥ ᅜᅵ ሗ䠄㛫ゎ ᗘ 㻞㻡㻜㼙䠅 ᅜᅵ ሗ䠄㛫ゎ ᗘ 㻝㻜㻜㼙䠅 ᅜᅵ ሗ㒔ᕷᆅᇦᅵᆅ ศ䝯䝑䝅䝳䝕䞊䝍䠄㛫ゎ ᗘ㻝㻜㻜㼙䠅 ᗈᓥᕷ䛾㒔ᕷィ ᇶ ㄪᰝ䛾ᘓ 䝕䞊䝍㻭㼞㼏㻌㻳㻵㻿㻌䝕䞊䝍䝁䝺䜽䝅䝵䞁䠄㻱㻿㻾㻵㻌䝆䝱䝟䞁䠄䠅䠅䛾ᘓ 䝕䞊䝍 ቃ 䛾 Ꮡ ᅗ 㛗Ἴ Ẽቃ ᒙ㐣 Bias㸦Υ㸧㻟㻣㻤 Ẽởᰁ ᖖ ど ᐃᡤ Ẽ ࠊ 㢼㸧 Ⅼ ᅗ ᅗ ᑐᛂ Ⅼ 㻞㻤ᒙ䠄ᆅ 䡚㻝㻜㻜㼔㻼㼍䠅 ᶆ㧗䝕䞊䝍 ẚ 㸦 Ẽ 㻞㻜㻝㻟ᖺ㻤㻠䡚㻞㻜㻝㻟ᖺ㻤㻝㻣㻞㻜㻝㻟ᖺ㻤㻟㻜䡚㻞㻜㻝㻟ᖺ㻥㻝㻞ィ ᮇ㛫㸲㸦UCM㸧 ࡓ ࠊࠕ㒔ᕷ ᅵᆅ ศ 3 ศ 㢮 ࡋࡓࠋලయ ࠊ ࡎᅜᅵ ሗ 㒔ᕷ ศ ࢩ 㧗㧗 బ㈡ బ㈡ ࢱ ࠊࠕ㧗ᒙᘓ ࠊࠕపᒙᘓ 㸦ᐦ㞟ᆅ㸧 ࠊࠕపᒙᘓ ࠊࠕ Ẽ ศ ศ # ᮏ ᮏ Ẽởᰁᖖ ど ᐃᡤ ᅗ㸵ィ ᑐ 㡿ᇦ㸦ᕥ 'RPDLQ ࠊ 'RPDLQ 㸧 ᅵᆅ 㠃 ࢩ ฟࡋࠊḟ ࠊࡑ 㠃 ኚ ࡋࡓࢡ ࢫࢱ ศᯒ ࠊ ࢩ 3 ࡘ ࢦ ศ㢮ࡋࡓὀ )ࠋ ࠊḟ ௨㝆 ศᯒ ࠊDomain ᑐ 㡿ᇦ ࡋࠊ 1 㹼㸦 ࢱ C㸧 5 㸦 ࢱ A㸧 ࢱ ࡇ ࡋࡓࠋ -㸬ィ ᗘ ㄆィ ᯝᴫせ ࡎࠊᮏ ࡅ ィ ᗘ ㄆ ࡓ ࠊ ィ ᯝ ᆅ凚䢺䢹凛 ₅ ᆅ凚䢴䢴䢲凛 3 ࡋ ࠊ Ẽở ᐃᡤ ᗈᓥᆅ᪉Ẽ 㸦ᅗ 7㸧 1 㛫㸦Ẽ ᰁᖖ ど ΰ ᯘ凚䢹䢹䢴䢻凛㢼㸧 ࡓࠋලయ ௨ BiasࠊRMSࠊCorrelation Ỉᇦ凚䢳䢻䢲䢷凛 3 ࡘ ᣦᶆ ࠊẼ 㒔ᕷ凚పᐦ凛凚䢴䢴䢻凛 5 1 ẚ ࡗࡓࠋ ᗘ ㄆ ⲡᆅ凚䢻凛 ẟ凡僯僐凚䢶凛㒔ᕷ凚 ᐦ凛凚䢳䢺䢸凛㒔ᕷ凚㧗ᐦ凛凚䢵䢷凛 ᅗ㸶 ᅵᆅ ࢱ㸦ᣓᘼෆ ࢩ 㸧 ሺ ݏ ܤ ሻ ͳ ͳ ݑ ௬ ݑ ௫ ሺͳሻ ଵ -1㸬ィ ᮲ ଵ ͳ ଶ ሺ ܧ ܯ ሻ ඩ ൫ ݑ ௬ ݑ ௫ ൯ ሺʹሻ ሺ ݐ ݎݎ ܥ ሻ 㸲㸬ィ ࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ͳ തതത௫ ሻ൫ ݑ ௬ തതതത௬ ൯Ȁߪ ߪ ሺ ሻ ሺ ݑ ௫ ଵ 㸦N: ࢧ ࠊuxi: ) ᮏ ࠊ ࢯẼ WRF version 3..1 ARW ࡓࠋ 㸦3 ᆅⅬ㸧ࠊ㢼㸦7 ᆅⅬ㸧 ẚ ࡗࡓࠋ ᯝ ࡍࠋ ଵ ࡍ㸧ࠋ ࠊ㢼 തതതത ࠊuyi: ィ ࠊ : തതതത ᖹᆒࠊ ௬ : ィィ ᮲ 3ࠊィ ᑐ 㡿ᇦ ᅗ 7 ࡑ ࡒ ࡍࠋ ࢫ ᖹᆒࠊߪ : ᶆ ೫ᕪࠊߪ : ィ ᶆ ೫ᕪ㸧 ࢢᡭἲ ࠊDomain 1 ゎ ᗘ ᱁ᏊࠊDomain ᯝ 㒊 ᥖ 㸧ࠋࡇ ᯝ ࠊィ ᯝ ゎ ᗘ ᱁Ꮚ ࡋࡓࠋィ ᮇ㛫 ࠊ ࢱ C ࡀ ᑠࡉ ࡋࡓࠋ ᐃᮇ㛫 ࡃᮇ㛫 1㸦13 ᖺ 㹼17 㸧ࠊ ࢱ A ࡀ ḟ ࠊᅗ 1 ィ ᯝ 㒊 13 㸦 ࢱ C㸧ࠊ ᮇ㛫㸦13 ᖺ 3 㹼 1 㸧 ࡘ ࡋࡓࠋධຊ 5 㸦 ࢱ A㸧 1 Ẽ 㸦ᆅ m㸧ࠊ㢼㢼 ࡓᅵᆅ ࢱ ᅗ ࡍࠋᆅ 㠃㐣㒔ᕷ 㸦ᆅ 1m㸧 Ỉᖹศᕸ ࡑ ࡒ ࡍࠋ 13 Ẽ ࡓ㢼㸦7 ᆅⅬ㸧 ࡘ 㢼㓄ᅗ ẚ ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ ᕪ ᴫ ศᕸ ࡘ 7

6 h ) -3 5m C [ C] [ A]

7 MJ/ MJ/ MJ/ h h h h C ) - 17 C ) IIII 13 C-1 1 C- 1 1 Q c SH Q g SH Q adv SH SH: MJ/m C p : J/kgK : kg/m 3 : KZ g : mz top : mn: 1K m m 13 C-1 1 C- C-1C- I II 1 III.1.MJ/m C-1 A 17 A C-1 C- 3 A 11

ᚰ ࡋࡓ ᗘ㒊ศ㸧 ᢳฟࡋࠊᡪᙧ ࢦ సᡂࡍ ࠋࡑ ᚋࠊࢫ ᢞᙳ ࠊࡇ ᡪᙧ ࢦ ษ ࢫ ࢫ ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1d㸧 ) ௨ ᘧ ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ィ ࡍ ࠋ 㸦 ᐃ᪉ ༡༡す ࡋࡓሙ 㸧 Ⅼ U P K P D ࢦ ܣ ༡༡す ሺ ሻ ͳͳͳ ሺ ሻ 㸦 ܣ ༡༡す : ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 㸦㸣㸧ࠊ : ᡪᙧ ࢦ 㠃㸦m㸧ࠊ : ༡༡す᪉ ࢫ ᢞᙳ㠃㸦m㸧㸧 ࢫ ᢞᙳ㠃 ᮏ ࠊ ᐃ᪉ ᾏ㢼᪉ ༡༡す ࡋࠊ ᚄ

8 ᚰ ࡋࡓ ᗘ㒊ศ㸧 ᢳฟࡋࠊᡪᙧ ࢦ సᡂࡍ ࠋࡑ ᚋࠊࢫ ᢞᙳ ࠊࡇ ᡪᙧ ࢦ ษ ࢫ ࢫ ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1d㸧 ) ௨ ᘧ ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ィ ࡍ ࠋ 㸦 ᐃ᪉ ༡༡す ࡋࡓሙ 㸧 Ⅼ U P K P D ࢦ ܣ ༡༡す ሺ ሻ ͳͳͳ ሺ ሻ 㸦 ܣ ༡༡す : ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 㸦㸣㸧ࠊ : ᡪᙧ ࢦ 㠃㸦m㸧ࠊ : ༡༡す᪉ ࢫ ᢞᙳ㠃㸦m㸧㸧 ࢫ ᢞᙳ㠃 ᮏ ࠊ ᐃ᪉ ᾏ㢼᪉ ༡༡す ࡋࠊ ᚄ r=5ࠊ 75ࠊ1m 㧗ࡉ h㸻5ࠊ1ࠊm ࡏ ィ ࢱ ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ฟࡋࡓࠋ ḟ ࠊᅗ 11 ᑐ ᆅ ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸫 ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸫ᑠ F ᚰゅ ᗘ ศ ᆅᇦ ศࡅ㸦ቃ 㸸.5 C㸧ࠊࡑ ࡒ ᆅᇦ ᒓࡍ G ᅗ㸯㸶 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ᴫᛕᅗ ฟࡋࡓࠋ ࠊศᯒᑐ 1 㹼㸦ィ ᮇ㛫㛵. ࠊ ࡘ ࢱ C ヱᙜ㸧 ࡋࠊᘓ 㐽ⶸ ࡘ.5 Ẽ. ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸫 ᆅⅬࠊ ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸫ᑠ 1 ᆅⅬ ὀ 1)13) ᥇ ࡋࡓࠋ ࡓࠊ Ⅼࡀ ᅗ 1 ࡍࠋᖹ㔝༡㒊 ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸫 ࠊᘓ 㐽ⶸ Ẽ 㸦1 㸧㛫 ṇ 㛵ࡀ ࡀࠊᖹ㔝㒊 ࠕᾏ㢼 ᯝ.1 㸫ᑠ ࡑ ഴ ぢ ࠋࡇ ᯝ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᾏ㢼 ᯝͲ ࡁ ᖹ㔝༡㒊 ༡༡す ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ࡀ㧗 Ẽ ᾏ㢼 ᯝͲᑠ ᅗ㸯㸷 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ Ẽ ࡑ ࡒ ሙᡤ Ẽ ࡇ ࠊᘓ 㓄 ᕤኵ 㢼 ࡋᨵၿ ࡀ ᆅ ᇦ ࠊࡑ ᆅᇦࡀ ࠊᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᖹ㔝༡㒊 ࡑ 㸦㸧㛵 ᯝࡀ ࡁ ࠋ ࠊ 㛵 ኚ ࠊ ᾏ㢼 ᙉࡉ 㐪 ࡀࠊࡇ Ⅼ ศᯒ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ 㛵㐃ศᯒ㸦ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᑠ 㸧 ࡀ㧗ࡃ ࡀࠊ 㒊 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ᙳ㡪ࡀẚ ᑠࡉ ࠋࡇ 䖃:5䠂Ỉ 䛷 ព䚸䕿:1䠂Ỉ 䛷 ព ࠊᗈᇦ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᙳ㡪 ࡅ ࡀࠊࡑ ᚋ ㄢ㢟 ࡋࡓ ࠋ Ⅼ ᒁᆅ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ ᙳ㡪 ࡅ ࠋࡑࡇ ࠊࡇࡇ ࠕᘓ 㐽ⶸ ) ᣦᶆ ࠊ ࡇ 1 Ẽ 㸴㸬 ᮏ ᡂᯝ ௨ グࡍࠋ ࢱ 㛵㐃ศᯒ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ㸦1 㸧 1) ࡀ ࡁ ᆅᇦ ᑠࡉ ᆅᇦ ศࡅ ࡇ ࡋࡓࠋ ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ࠊẼ ᗘᘓ 㐽 ࠊࡑ ᗘ ࡍᣦᶆ ࠊGIS 3D ศ 1) ࠕ㧗ࡉ ᒓᛶ ࡁ ᘓ ࢱ㸦 ࢦ 㸧 ࠊ ࢱ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᵝ 㛫ศᕸ ࡇ ࡋࡓࠋ 3) Ⅼ ࠊ ᚄ r[m] ࢦ సᡂࡋࠊࡇ 㧗ࡉ ௦ ࢩ 㢧 ὶ㔞 ኚ ᢕᥱࡋࡓࠋࡑ ᯝࠊ ᾏ㢼㠀ᾏ㢼 Ẽ h[m] ࡕ ࡆ ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1a㸧 3) 1) ࡕ ࡆࡓᘓ ࢱ ࠊ ࢯẼ WRF ࡓ ィ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅ ᅗ ࡗࡓࠋࡑ ᯝࠊẼ Ⅼ ࢱ 㧗ࡉ 1.5m 㓄 ࡍ ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1a㸧 ࠊ㠀ᾏ㢼 ᾏ㢼 ᖹᆒẼ ᯝࡀᑠࡉ ࡇ ࡋࡓࠋ ࢱ㸦㸧 ഛࡋࠊᘓ ࢱ ࠕ㧗ࡉ ࡕ ࡆࠊ ἢᓊ㒊 ᾏ㢼 ᯝࡀ ࡁ ࡇ ࠊ ๓ ෆ㝣㒊 ࡃ㢼 Ẽ ) ἲ ௨ ࡑ ࡒ グࡍࠋ ᗈᓥᖹ㔝 ᑐ Ẽ ᕪ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ 㛫ศᕸ ᢕᥱࡋࡓࠋࡑ ᯝࠊ Ⅼࡀ ᐃ ᪉ ᑐࡋ ࠊ ᯒᶵ ฟࡉ ࠋᘓ 㐽ⶸ ᴫᛕᅗ ᅗ 1 ࠊ ฟ᪉ ) 㛵ࡀ ぢ ࡓ r=1ࠊh=5 ࡑ ࡒ ᒓࡋ ࠋ ᯝ ពỈ 㸦㛵 ᐃ ᯝ㸧.3. 㸳㸬Ẽ Ⅼ ࢱ ࠊᆅᇦ Ẽ 㸦1 㸧 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 㛵 ᕪ ศᕸ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᙧᡂࡉ ࡇ ࡀ ၀ࡉ ࡓࠋ Ⅼ ぢ ࡋ ) ᘓ 㐽ⶸ ࡓศᯒ ࠊᾏ㢼 ᯝ ࡁ 㸦ࢫ 㸧 సᡂࡍ ࠋࡑ ᚋࠊ ࡕ ࡆࡓ 㢼 ࡋ ቃࡀࠊࡑ ሙᡤ Ẽ ࢦ ࠊ ࡘࢫ ධ 㡿ᇦ య ࡍ ᯝ ᑠࡉ 㢼 ࡋ ቃ ᙳ㡪 ࡁࡃ ࡇ 㸦ࢫ సᡂ㸧ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1aࠊb㸧 ࡀ ၀ࡉ ࡓࠋ ) ࢫ ᆅ ᢞᙳࡋࡓ సᡂࡍ 㸦ࢫ ᢞᙳ㠃 ฟ㸧ࠋ㸦ᅗ 1c㸧 5) Ⅼ ࡓ ࢦ ᐃ᪉ 㒊ศ㸦 ᐃ᪉ ᙳ㡪 ཬ ࡍࡀࠊᾏ㢼 ᮏ ࠊ ᐃ 㛫 ᑐ ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ᆅᅗ ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 11㸧 ࡀࠊィ ᣦ㔪ᅗ సᡂ Ⅼ ࠊ 㛫 ᾏ㢼 ᯝ ࡋࡓᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ సᡂ ᚲせ ࠋ 1 ᾏ

1 Ẽ ᕪ凚䰳凛.5 䢢䢯䢢䢸䢰䢲䢸䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢹䢰䢲䢹䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢺䢰䢲䢺䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢..5 㛵..75.7.5. 13.55 5.5 1 1.5 1.5.5.5 55 7.

䢵䢲䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢳䢰䢲䢵䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢳䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 凚䰳凛凚䢳䢶䢼䢲䢲凛儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䢲䢰䢺䢳䢢䢯䢢 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 凚䣴䢿䢳䢲䢲傎䣪䢿䢷凛 1 ᅗ㸰㸲 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 㸦U ࠊK 㸧 ศᕸ 㢼㠀ᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᕪ㸦1 Ẽ ᕪࡀ 㛫 ᖏ 㸧 ᖹᆒ ࠊ ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ సᡂࡋ ࠋ ヨస ࡋ ࠊᮏ ィ ᯝ ࡇ ᵝ ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ సᡂࡋ ᅗ ᆅᅗ

㝿ࡋ ࠊᗈᓥᕷᩍ ጤဨ ࠊ ㅰព ࡍࠋ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢴䢲䢳䢴凛䣝儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ ᗈᓥᕷෆ ᑠᏛ ᪉ࠎ ࡈ༠ຊ ࡓࡔ ࡓࠋࡇࡇ グࡋ 䢢䢯䢢䢯䢳䢰䢷䢯䢳䢰䢶䢢䢯䢢䢯䢳䢰䢲䢯䢲䢰䢻䢢䢯䢢䢯䢲䢰䢷䢯䢲䢰䢶䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢲䢲䢰䢳䢢䢯㸦5㸧 ᡂ ࡅࡓ ࠋ ࡓࠊᮏ 㐍 ࡓ ࠊᗈᓥᕷ ቃᒁ ቃᨻ ㄢࠊ㒔ᕷ

9 1 Ẽ ᕪ凚䰳凛.5 䢢䢯䢢䢸䢰䢲䢸䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢹䢰䢲䢹䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢺䢰䢲䢺䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢..5 㛵 ᅗ㸰㸱 Ẽ 1 1 ᅗ㸰㸮 ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ 䠷h䠹ィ ᯝ 㛵䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢴䢲䢲䢰䢴䢳䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢶䢲䢲䢰䢶䢳䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢸䢲䢲䢰䢸䢳䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢺䢲䢢䢯䢢䢵䢵䢰䢲䢢䢯䢢䢴䢻䢰䢷䢵䢢䢵䢵䢰䢷䢴䢻䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢲䢰䢲䢵䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢶䢰䢲䢵䢲䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢵䢲䢰䢷䢵䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢵䢶䢰䢷䢵䢲䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢳䢰䢲䢵䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢳䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 凚䰳凛凚䢳䢶䢼䢲䢲凛儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䢲䢰䢺䢳䢢䢯䢢 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 凚䣴䢿䢳䢲䢲傎䣪䢿䢷凛 1 ᅗ㸰㸲 ᘓ 㐽ⶸ 㸦U ࠊK 㸧 ศᕸ 㢼㠀ᾏ㢼 Ẽ ᕪ㸦1 Ẽ ᕪࡀ 㛫 ᖏ 㸧 ᖹᆒ ࠊ ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ సᡂࡋ ࠋ ヨస ࡋ ࠊᮏ ィ ᯝ ࡇ ᵝ ᾏ㢼 ᯝᆅᅗ సᡂࡋ ᅗ ᆅᅗ ࡀࠊࡇ ᆅᅗ ࠊ㒔ᕷ ቃẼ ᅗ㸦ィ ᣦ㔪ᅗ㸧 సᡂࡍ ᡭἲ 㛤 ࡀ ᚋ ㄢ㢟 ࡋ ᣲࡆ ࠋ ࡓࠊᒣ㛫㒊 ࡅ Ẽ ศᕸ ᙧᡂせᅉ ᢕᥱ ᚲせ ࠋ 䢢䢯䢢䢵䢵䢰䢲䢵䢢䢵䢵䢰䢷䢵䢵䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢䢵䢶䢰䢲䢵䢶䢰䢳䢢䢯䢢䢵䢶䢰䢷 ㅰ 䢵䢶䢰䢸䢢䢯䢢儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 凚䰳凛凚䢳䢶䢼䢲䢲凛 ᅗ㸰㸯 ᖺ ࢱ $ ࢱ & Ẽ ศᕸ㸦㸧 1 ༠ຊ ࡓࡔ ࡓࠋࡉ Ẽ 㝿ࡋ ࠊᗈᓥᕷᩍ ጤဨ ࠊ ㅰព ࡍࠋ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ 䣟凚䰳凛凚䢴䢲䢳䢴凛䣝儵儣兠兗䣅僔Ẽ 䣟凟䣝儵儣兠兗䣃僔Ẽ ᗈᓥᕷෆ ᑠᏛ ᪉ࠎ ࡈ༠ຊ ࡓࡔ ࡓࠋࡇࡇ グࡋ 䢢䢯䢢䢯䢳䢰䢷䢯䢳䢰䢶䢢䢯䢢䢯䢳䢰䢲䢯䢲䢰䢻䢢䢯䢢䢯䢲䢰䢷䢯䢲䢰䢶䢢䢯䢢䢲䢰䢲䢲䢰䢳䢢䢯㸦5㸧 ᡂ ࡅࡓ ࠋ ࡓࠊᮏ 㐍 ࡓ ࠊᗈᓥᕷ ቃᒁ ቃᨻ ㄢࠊ㒔ᕷ ഛᒁ㒔ᕷィㄢ ᪉ࠎ ࡈ ᮏ 53 ᅇ➉ ⱥ ᘓ ᡂࠊ JSPS ᅗ㸰㸰 ᖺ ࢱ & ᾏ㢼 ᯝศᕸ㸦㸸㸧 ὀ ὀ1㸧ᮏ ࠊ3 㢮 ࢱ ࡁ ᗘࢭ ࢧ ࡗࡓ㸦 ಶ: Jr. TR-5 T&D ࠊ1 ಶ: TR-7U T&D ࠊ ಶ: ࢧ ࢥ ࢲ RS-11 ࢫ ࢡ 㸧ࠋ ࠊ3 㢮 ᐃჾ ࡓ ࠊᜏ ᵴ ࡓჾᕪ ṇ ࡗ ࡓࠋ ὀ㸧ᮏ ࠊẼ ᗇ ᬕ ࠊ㝆Ỉ ࠊ ኟ ᐃ ཧ ࠊ ኟᏘᬕኳ ᢳฟ᮲ సᡂࡋࡓࠋ ࠊᬕ ࠊ㝆Ỉ ࠊ ኟ ᐃ ௨ ࠋ ᬕ 㸸㛫ࡀ 㛫㸣௨ ࠋ 㝆Ỉ 㸸㝆Ỉ㔞 1mm ௨ ࠋ ኟ 㸸㧗Ẽ ࡀ 3 C ௨ ࠋ 1

10 3 3 1.m 1.m 3.m.m 3.m.m 5 C A 7 A C A A 5 B 5 C 1 3 W/m mmm W/m : Arc GIS SRI mmm: Arc GIS SRI : Domain 11 C 1r1h5 13 r h r1h5 5) ) 7) 1pp ) 1pp ) 3pp ) pp ) 173pp ) 1pp ) GIS()pp ) 3pp.3-.1 ) 1 3pp ) MAP pp ) pp ) 1 1) 57pp ) Skamarock, W.C., Klemp, JB., Dudhia, J., Gill, D.O., Barker, D.M., Duda, M.G., Huang, X. Y., Wang,W., Powers., J.G.: A Description of Advanced Research WRF Version3, NCAR/TN-75+STR,. 1) Takane, Y., Ohashi, Y., Kusaka, H., Shigeta, Y., Kikegawa, Y.: ffects of Synoptic-Scale Wind under the Typical Summer Pressure Pattern on the Mesoscale High-Temperature vents in the Osaka and Kyoto Urban Areas by the WRF Model, Journal of Applied Meteorology and climatology, 5, pp , 13. ) GIS pp ) 7 ) 3) ) 11

11 ANALYSIS ON TH FFCT OF SA BRZ ON SUMMR DIURNAL TMPRATUR DISTRIBUTION PATTRN IN HIROSHIMA PLAIN Mapping the sea breeze effects for mitigating urban warming Kaoru MATSUO * and Takahiro TANAKA ** * Grad. Stud., Graduate School of ngineering, Hiroshima University, Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ** Assoc. Prof., Graduate School of ngineering, Hiroshima University, Dr. ng. Urban warming which is due to urban heat island phenomenon and global warming has negative effects on the comfortability of outdoor environment, the health of inhabitants, the energy consumption for cooling and the urban ecosystem. Consequently, Urban nvironmental Climate Maps (UCMs) are proposed as one of the decision support tools for the mitigating urban warming. UCMs can be used when stakeholders (citizen, planner, architect, specialist, and so on.) make decision on urban planning, architecture design, and environmental policy making. Actually, UCMs consists of a Climate Analysis Map (CAM) and a Hint Map for Urban Planning and Design (HM). About the HM, it is effective to indicate the recommendations and climatic resources for each zone which is classified from a climatic perspective. For making this map, at first, it is necessary to understand the factors of spatial temperature distribution patterns and classify into the zones based on the factors. In coastal city, it is thought that the sea breeze has great influence on summer diurnal temperature distribution patterns. Understanding the spatial distribution of sea breeze effects will be helpful for making UCMs. Consequently, this study aims at making the maps of sea breeze effect distribution using the observed data and the results of numerical simulations in Hiroshima plain. This study progressed via the following steps: 1) Understanding the sea breeze effect distribution using the observed temperatures of 3 points. ) Making the map of the sea breeze effect distribution using the meso-scale meteorological model. 3) Analyzing the relationship between the observed temperature and the surrounding ventilation condition. The results are revealed as follows: 1) The observed temperature differences between the days that land and sea breeze blow and the days that sea breeze doesn t blow show that the effect of sea breeze for mitigating urban warming is relatively larger in coastal area and the effect is smaller in the inland area. ) The map of sea breeze effect for mitigating urban warming, which is made from the results of numerical calculation by using the meso-scale meteorological model, WRF, shows that the spatial distribution patterns of sea breeze effect being made from the numerical calculation is similar to the one which is made from the observed temperature. 3) Time series of sensible heat advection in typical meshes show that the temperature difference pattern between the days that land and sea breeze blow and the days that sea breeze doesn t blow is influenced by sea breeze. ) Analyzing the relationship between observed temperatures and surrounding ventilation conditions shows that the temperatures in the area which are also affected by sea breeze is influenced by surrounding ventilation condition. On the other, the temperature in the area which is not affected by sea breeze is not influenced by surrounding ventilation condition. ( 年月 1 日原稿受理, 年 11 月 3 日採用決定 ) 3

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8018.pdf The Operation and Process of Transfer of Development Rights as the Historic Conservation Tool in Dadaocheng, Taipei - Focusing on the Impact on the Historical Environment in Volume Sending Sites - * *