Microsoft Word 姜军_new_.doc

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1 土壤 (Soils), 2015, 47(2): DOI: /j.cnki.tr 离子强度对三种可变电荷土壤表面电荷和 Zeta 电位的影响 * ( () ) Zeta ph (PZSE) ( ) Zeta ph PZSE ( ) Zeta K + Na + K + Na + KNO 3 Zeta NaNO 3 Zeta PZSE IEP S153.2 ph [1] (PZNC) (ZPC) (PZSE)(IEP) [2] PZNC ph ph ( Cl NO 3 K + Na + ) ph PZNC [3 4] ph (ZPC) ( ) 4 ZPC ph (PZSE) [5 8] PZSE ph IEP Zeta ph Stern IEP ZPC [9] Zeta Stern [9 10] ph PZSE ph IEP Zeta PZSE IEP Zeta [11 13] [9] ( E, 25 3 N) ( E, N) (116 o 17 E, 28 o 23 N) 60 2 m Zeta 1 ( ) ( ) * (rkxu@issas.ac.cn) (1978 ) jjiang@issas.ac.cn

2 2 Zeta 423 CEC (cmol/kg) 表 1 供试土壤基本性质 Table 1 Basic propeties of tested soils (g/kg) ph Fe 2 O 3 (g/kg) K G H Gt K V Mi K G H Gt CEC ph = Fe 2 O 3 -- (DCB ).. K G H Gt V Mi 1.2 PZSE PZSE [7] g 100 ml 25 ml mol/l NaNO 3 5 min ph TIM854 (Radiometer ) ml/min 0.1 mol/l HCl NaOH mol/l NaNO 3 3 N 2 CO 2 CO 2 H + OH ph H + OH PZSE 1.3 Zeta JS94H ( ) Zeta ( ζ ) Zeta (25 0.5) ±2 mv Zeta Helmholtz-Smoluchowski K (1) μ ε η K (r)(1/κ) κr >> 1 K = 4π [14 15] H + OH ph H + OH H + OH ph PZSE PZSE PZSE 1 ph>pzse ph<pzse [12 13] Fig. 1 图 1 3 种离子强度下酸碱滴定计算得到的土壤对 H + 和 OH 吸附量随 ph 的变化 Amounts of H + and OH adsorbed as a function of ph during acid-base titration at three different ionic strengths by the Oxisol and the Ultisols

3 (a)(c) a C (2) - 2 i lg i A z I (3) z i I A ph>pzse OH ph OH OH OH ph<pzse H + ph H + H + H Zeta 2 3 Zeta ph ph Zeta ph Zeta ph Zeta ph (IEP) [9] Zeta -ph 0 mv [16] 3 IEP ph>iep Zeta ph<iep Zeta Zeta Hunter [9] Zeta Zeta Zeta Zeta Fig. 2 图 2 离子强度对土壤胶体 Zeta 电位的影响 Effects of ionic strengths on zeta potentials of the colloids of the Oxisol and the Ultisols ph>pzse ( ) Zeta Stern [10] ( ) Zeta ph<pzse ( ) Zeta () Zeta Zeta Zeta

4 2 Zeta Zeta 3 KNO 3 NaNO 3 Zeta ph KNO 3 Zeta NaNO 3 K + Na + Na + K + K + K + Na + [10] ph Na + K + KNO 3 Zeta NaNO 3 Zeta Fig. 3 图 3 电解质种类对土壤胶体 Zeta 电位的影响 Effects of electrolyte types on zeta potentials of the colloids of the Oxisol and the Ultisols 3 1) ph<pzse Zeta 2) ph>pzse Zeta [1],,,. [J]., 2011, 43(3): [2] Gillman GP, Uehara G. Charge characteristics of soils with variable and permanent charge minerals: II. Experimental[J]. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 1980, 44(2): [3] Sposito G. On point of zero charge[j]. Environ. Sci. Technol., 1998, 32(19): [4],,,. Cs + [J]., 2012, 44(1): [5] van Raij B, Peech M. Electrochemical properties of some Oxisols and Alfisols of the tropics[j]. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Pro., 1972, 36(4): [6] Sposito G. The Chemistry of Soils[M]. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989 [7] Pansu M, Gautheyrou J. Handbook of Soil Analysis- Mineralogical, Organic and Inorganic Methods[M]. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin, 2006 [8],. [M]. :, 2013 [9] Hunter RJ. Zeta Potential in Colloid Science-Principles and Applications[M]. London: Acadenic Press, 1981 [10] Yu TR. Chemistry of Variable Charge Soils[M]. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997 [11] Boily JF, Lützenkirchen J, Balmès O, Beattie J, Sjöberg S. Modeling proton binding at the goethite ( -FeOOH)-water interface[j]. Colloid Surface A., 2001, 179(1): [12] Kosmulski M. The role of the activity coefficients of surface groups in the formation of surface charge of oxides. Part II: Ion exchange and potenpials[j]. Colloid Polym. Sci., 1993, 271(11): [13] Cromières L, Moulin V, Fourest B, Giffaut E. Physicochemical characterization of the colloidal hematite/water interface: Experimentation and modelling[j]. Colloid Surface A., 2002, 202(1): [14] Hou T, Xu RK, Tiwari D, Zhao AZ. Interaction between electric double layers of soil colloids and Fe/Al oxides in suspensions[j]. J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2007, 310(2): [15] He TY, Wan J, Tokunaga T. Kinetic stability of hematite nanoparticles: The effect of particle sizes[j]. J. Nanopart. Res., 2008, 10(2): [16] Wang Y, Jiang J, Xu RK, Tiwari D. Phosphate adsorption at variable charge soil/water interfaces as influenced by ionic strength[j]. Aust. J. Soil Res., 2009, 47:

5 Effects of Ionic Strengths on Surface Charge and ζ Potential of Three Variable Charge Soils JIANG Jun, XU Ren-kou * (State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing , China) Abstract: The opposite changing trends of surface charge of three variable charge soils to the zeta potentials of the colloids of the soils with ionic strength were observed in this paper. Ion activity and distribution of counter-ions in diffuse layer and shear plane on the soil colloids with changing ionic strength were used to interpret the phenomena. When ph was greater than the point of zero salt effect (PZSE) of the soils, the increasing ionic strength made negative surface charge of the soils more negative and increased counter-cations in diffuse layer and shear plane of the soil colloids and thus made the zeta potential of the soil colloids less negative. On the other hand, when ph was less than the PZSE of the soils, the reverse processes led to the decrease of the zeta potential of the soil colloids with increasing ionic strength. The zeta potential of the soil colloids in KNO 3 was less negative than that in NaNO 3 due to the greater affinity of the soil surface to K + than Na +, thus more K + distributed in shear plane of the diffusion layers of the soil colloids than Na + at the same concentration of their nitrate. Key words: Variable charge soils; Surface charge; Zeta potential; PZSE; IEP; Electrical double layer; Counter-ion; Ionic strength

Microsoft Word - 3--丁昌璞校后_new_.doc

Microsoft Word - 3--丁昌璞校后_new_.doc 土壤 (Soils), 2013, 45(5): 780 784 中国土壤电化学的发展历程 ( 210008) 50 ( ) S153.2 1 20 60 70 50 [1] 2 1953 60 [2] 14 [3] [4] 59 ( ) () ( ) ( Eh ) () (1931 ) (International Foundation for Science Sweden)

Microsoft Word 姜 军_new_.doc

Microsoft Word 姜军_new_.doc