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1 南海中西部渔场上升流时空变化特征分析, 于杰 2,, 王新星 2, 李永振 3, 2, 陈国宝 (., 50300; 2., 50300; 3., 50080) 摘要 : 南海中西部海域是我国外海渔业开发的潜在渔场之一, 摸清该海域的物理环境特征可为我国开发中西部渔场提供参考本文以遥感风场和海温数据为基础, 分析了 2003~202 年西南季风期起止时间的年变化上升流中心位置时空变动以及风场对上升流中心位置变动的影响结果表明 : 在南海中西部海域, 西南季风期通常从 5 月份开始, 到 9 月份结束, 西南季风持续天数平均值为 29.4 d, 其中, 风向角呈 5 ~60 的天数最多, 占总季风天数的 2.98%, 西南季风期持续时间有增加的现象上升流中心位置变动范围为 ~5 N, 09 ~2 E 西南季风期平均风速减小时, 年平均上升流中心在经向上向近岸移动, 在纬向上向高纬度移动 ; 平均风速增加时, 年平均上升流中心在经向上向离岸方向移动, 在纬向上向低纬度移动 ; 当西南季风期平均风向角减小时, 年平均上升流中心向低纬度移动, 平均风向角增大时, 年平均上升流中心向高纬度移动此外, 发现厄尔尼诺年此上升流面积显著大于非厄尔尼诺年, 而最低温度比 2003~202 年平均最低温度低.3 关键词 : 南海中西部渔场 ; 上升流 ; 风场 ; 海表温度中图分类号 : S934 文献标识码 : A 文章编号 : (205) doi: 0.759/hykx ,, ~ t, t [-2] 20 80, [3-4], [5-6],, 2000~ %~40.9% [7], ( ), Duy [8],,,, [9] mg/m 3, [9-0], [-4], 0 a (Sea surface temperature, SST),,, 数据与方法. 研究区域 2 N ( ),, [8-9], : ; : : (204A ); (203TS06); (LSF202-02); (NFZX203); (202YD03); (640) : (980-),,,,, GIS, yujiescs@aliyu.com;,,,, : , y.z.li@qq.com 04 / 205 / 39 / 6

, SST, 9.5 ~5 N, 08 ~3 E,,.2 数据与处理 2003~2005 SST Aqua (AMSR-E), 25 km; 2006~202 SST, 20 7 22 SST Fig. Study area ad SST o July 22, 20 TMI AMSR-E WidSAT Terra MODIS Aqua MODIS, 9 km http: //www.remss.

2 , SST, 9.5 ~5 N, 08 ~3 E,,.2 数据与处理 2003~2005 SST Aqua (AMSR-E), 25 km; 2006~202 SST, SST Fig. Study area ad SST o July 22, 20 TMI AMSR-E WidSAT Terra MODIS Aqua MODIS, 9 km http: // 2003~2006 QuikSCAT (http: //podaac.jpl.asa.gov/); 2007~202 A-SCAT (ftp: //ftp.ifremer.fr/ifremer) 25 km SST, SST,,, 2 0 d SST,, 0 d, ;, 0 d, ( 2), ( 3) Cheg [5],, 4 0 d 2003~202 SST ( ), 表日均和年均风速风向 SST 及年均上升流中心位置计算公式 Tab. Formula for daily ad aual wid speed, wid agle, SST ad aual positio of upwellig ceter V AW, V W (i) VAW = å VW ()/ i, 2 A AW, A W (i) VAW = å AW ()/ i, 3 SST T AS SST, T S (i) TAS = å TS ()/ i SST, SST 7 8 V YW, V AW (i) VYW = å VAW ()/ i, A YW, V AW (i) AYW = å AAW ()/ i, T Y SST, T A (i) TY = å TA()/ i SST, XC YC X()/ i = å Y()/ i = å X C, X(i), Y C, Y(i), Marie Scieces / Vol. 39, No. 6 /

3 SST,, 结果与分析 2. 南海中西部渔场风场及温度变化特征 ~202 5, , , 200 5, ( 2a~ 2a0) 9, , , , ( 2a~ 2a0) 5~54 d, 29.4 d ( 2) 06 / 205 / 39 / 6

4 2 2003~202 (a~a0) SST (b~b0) Fig.2 Variatios of wid speed ad agle (a-a0), temporal distributio of SST (b-b0) from 2003 to 202 : ; : ; : The directio of arrow: the agle of wid. The legth of the arrow: the wid speed. The frame with dashed lie: periods of southwest mosoo 2a~ 2a0,, 7.6~0.3 m/s,.9 m/s, 2.4 m/s 200, 5.9 m/s, 6.3~6.9 m/s( 2),, %~70%, %~80%, %~90%, % ( 2),,, Marie Scieces / Vol. 39, No. 6 /

5 表 ~202 年西南季风时间特征及 SST 变化 Tab.2 The begi date, ed date, ad duratio of southwest mosoo, ad chages i wid speed ad SST from 2003 to 202 ( / ) ( / ) (d) (d) (m/s) (m/s) ( ) ( ) ( ) /6 9/ /0 9/ /9 9/ /7 9/ /9 9/ /7 0/ /20 0/ /2 9/ / 0/ /25 9/ ~202 Fig.3 Number of days with differet wid agle ad wid speed durig the days with wid agle of 5-60 from 2003 to 202 表 3 风速和风向与 2003~202 年西南季风期间年平均 SST 及年平均上升流中心的相关性 Tab.3 Correlatio coefficiets betwee the wid speed ad agle, ad the aual SST ad aual ceter of upwellig from 2003 to 202 SST 0.69 * 0.72 * 0.74 * * : * 0.05 ; 2003~202, 5 ~60, 23 d, 2.98%, 4 ~50 6 ~70 3 ~40 7 ~80 2 ~30 8 ~ 90 ~20 0 ~ d, 7.84% 4.05% 3.5%.7% 8.% 5.23% 4.32% 4.4% ( 3a) 2003~202,, 5 ~60, 38 d 7.~8.0 m/s, 8.~9.0 m/s 6.~7.0 m/s 9.~0.0 m/s 5.~6.0 m/s 0.~.0 m/s 4.~5.0 m/s 3.~4.0 m/s.~2.0 m/s d( 3b) 2..2 SST 2003~202, 29.8~3.0, 27.6~29.5, 200, , 28, , 27.6 ( 2) [4], SST,, SST,, SST 08 / 205 / 39 / 6

6 ( 2b~ 2b0) SST, SST, SST SST ( 3),,,, 2.2 上升流中心位置变动 2003~202,, ~5 N, 09 ~2 E, 2 N,, N, 0 N, N, 5 N, 2 N, ~3 N, 2.5 E, ºE, ~3 E, ~ E, ~2 E( 4) 5, 4 5,, ( 3),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 2.3 厄尔尼诺对上升流的影响,, (NINO3) ( 0.5 ) ( ) [6], 2009~20 NINO3 4, , a 6b SST,,, 2, Kuo [7] 997~998, 3 讨论 3. 上升流与南海中西部渔场的关系 [8-9] Log [20] 2000~2004, 6.5 ~6.5 N, 07.5 ~3 E,,, N, Log [20] 5 ( 4 ) 8 ( 9 ), 2003~202 5 (4 ), 9 0 ( 2) Aussaee [8] 50~90 m, [9, 2] Tag [9],, 2003~202 SST, [2],,, Chl-a, [9] [22-23],, [24] 2003~202,,,, 2 [25], Marie Scieces / Vol. 39, No. 6 /

7 表 ~20 年 NINO3 值 Tab.4 The NINO3 values from 2009 to ~202 Fig.4 Distributio of the ceter of upwellig i southwest mosoo from 2003 to 202 : ; : The locatio of umber: the ceter of upwellig. The umber order: the progress of upwellig 3.2 南海中西部上升流中心位置及其变动与西南季风的关系 Lau [26],,,,, 0 / 205 / 39 / 6

8 5 2003~202 Fig.5 The aual variatios of wid speed ad agle from 2003 to 202 Fig SST Distributio of SST i August 9, 2008 (a) ad August 9, 2009 (b) ~ 5 N,09 ~2 E, Xie [27], 999~2002,, Kuo [25] Kuo [28] 0.88, Xie [27],,,, [29],,,,, ;, 2 N,, 2 N : [] Pha H D. The iteractio betwee the tua fishig operatio ad sea turtles issue i Vietam[C] // Proceedigs of the 2d Iteratioal Symposium o SEASTAR2000 ad Asia Bio-loggig Sciece.Thailad: Bagkok, 2005: 2. [2],,,. [J]., 200, 6(): [3].[J]., 20, 26(2): 3-5. [4]. [J]., 202, 8: [5],. [C] //. :, 203: [6],,,. [J]., 205, (3): 6-2. [7] Die M V. Ecoomic performace of the gill etter Marie Scieces / Vol. 39, No. 6 / 205

9 fleets i the cetral area of Vietam's offshore fisheries[r]. Norway: Norwegia College of Fishery Sciece, Uiversity of Tromsø, 2009: -40. [8] Duy N N, Flaateb O, Aha N T K, et al. Ope-access fishig ret ad efficiecy The case of gillet vessels i Nha Trag, Vietam[J]. Fisheries Research, 202, 27-28: [9] Tag D L, Kawamura H, Va D T, et al. Offshore phytoplakto biomass icrease ad its oceaographic causes i the South Chia Sea[J]. Marie Ecology Progress Series, 2004, 268: 3-4. [0] Loick N.Pelagic itroge dyamics i plakto of the Vietamese upwellig area accordig to stable itroge ad carbo isotope distributio[r]. Atlata: Georgia istitute of Techology, [] Wyrtki K. Physical oceaography of the Southeast Asia waters, scietific results of marie ivestigatios of the South Chia Sea ad the Gulf of Thailad[R]. La Jolla: Scripps Istitutio of Oceaography, 96: -95. [2] Hu J Y, Kawamura H S, Hog H S, et al. A Review o the currets i the South Chia Sea: seasoal circulatio, South Chia Sea warm curret ad Kuroshio itrusio [J]. Joural of Oceaography, 2000, 56: [3] Pohlma T. A three-dimesioal circulatio model of the South Chia Sea [J]. Elsevier Oceaography Series, 987, 45: [4] Nguye T A, Pha M T. Biogeochemical variability of Vietamese coastal waters iflueced by atural ad athropogeic processes [J]. Asia Joural of Water, Eviromet ad Pollutio, 2007, 4(): [5] Cheg Y H, Ho C R, Zheg Z W, et al. A algorithm for cold patch detectio i the Sea off Northeast Taiwa Usig Multi-Sesor Datap[J]. Sesors, 2009, 9: [6],,, ENSO [J]., 2009, 8(4): [7] Kuo N J, Zheg Q, Ho C R. Respose of Vietam coastal upwellig to the ENSO evet observed by multisesor data[j]. Remote sesig of eviromet, 2004, 89(): [8] Aussaee M, Pratakphol P. Tua resource exploratio with tua loglie i the South Chia Sea [C] // Proceedigs of the SEAFDEC Semiar o Fishery Resources i the South Chia Sea. Area IV: Vietamese Waters, 998: [9] Chu T V. Study o biology of tua i the South Chia Sea, Area IV; Vietamese Waters[C] // Proceedigs of the SEAFDEC Semiar o Fishery Resources i the South Chia Sea. Area IV: Vietamese Waters, 998: [20] Log L K, Flaate O, Ah N T K. Ecoomic performace of ope-access offshore fisheries The case of Vietamese logliers i the South Chia Sea[J]. Fisheries Research, 2008, 93: [2] Liu Y, Dai M, Che W, et al. Distributio of biogeic silica i the upwellig zoes i the South Chia Sea[J]. Advaces i Geoscieces, 202, 29: [22],,,. [J]., 995, 4(): [23],. - [J]., 997, 9(5): [24] Kuo N J, Zheg Q, Ho C R. Respose of Vietam coastal upwellig to the ENSO evet observed by multisesory data [J]. Remote sesig of eviromet, 2004, 89(): [25] Kuo N J, Zheg Q, Ho C R. Satellite observatio of upwellig alog the wester coast of the South Chia Sea[J]. Remote Sesig Eviromet, 2000, 74: [26] Lau K M, Wu H T, Yag S. Hydrologic processes associated with the first trasitio of the Asia Summer Mosoo: A pilot satellite study [J]. Meteor Soc, 998, 79: [27] Xie S P. Summer upwellig i the South Chia Sea ad its role i regioal climate variatios [J]. Joural of Geophysical Research, 2003, 08: -3. [28] Kuo N J, Zheg Q, Ho C R. Respose of Vietam coastal upwellig to the ENSO evet observed by multisesory data [J]. Remote sesig of eviromet, 2004, 89(): [29],,.2007 [J]., 203, 37(): / 205 / 39 / 6

10 Aalysis of the upwellig i the fishig groud i Midwester South Chia Sea YU Jie, 2, WANG Xi-xig, 2, LI Yog-zhe 3, CHEN Guo-bao, 2 (. South Chia Sea Fisheries Research Istitute, Chiese Academy of Fishery Scieces, Guagzhou 50300, Chia; 2. Scietific Observig ad Experimetal Statio of South Chia Sea Fishery Resources & Eviromets, Miistry of Agriculture, P.R. Chia, Guagzhou 50300, Chia; 3. Regioal Bureau of South Chia Sea Fishery Maagemet, Miistry of Agriculture, Guagzhou 50080, Chia) Received: May, 22, 204 Key words: fishig groud of Midwester South Chia Sea; upwellig; wid; sea surface temperature Abstract: The Midwester South Chia Sea is oe of the potetial fishig groud i Chiese marie fishery. To study the characteristic of the upwellig i Midwester South Chia Sea ca give a great help to realize the fishig groud for Chia. I the paper, both satellite wid ad sea surface temperature (SST) data were used to study the aual variatios of southwest mosoo, the spatial ad temporal distributio of upwellig ceter, ad the effect of wid o variatios of the upwellig ceter. The results show that the southwest mosoo maily bega i May ad eded i September from The average duratio of southwest mosoo was about 29.4 each year. The mai wid agle is 5-60 i southwest mosoo. The proportio betwee the days with wid agle of 5-60 ad the days of southwest mosoo is 2.98%. The duratio of southwest moo preseted a icreasig tred from 2003 to 202. The distributio of the ceters of upwellig varied i the regio -5 N, 09-2 E. Whe the wid speed decreased, the aual ceter of upwellig moved to earshore ad higher latitude regios, while whe the wid speed icreased, the aual ceter of upwellig moved to offshore ad lower latitude regios. Whe the wid agle decreased, the ceter of upwellig moved to lower latitude regio, while whe the wid agle icreased, the ceter of upwellig moved to higher latitude regio. ENSO ehaced the area of upwellig compared to o-enso year. The lowest SST i ENSO year was.3 lower tha the mea value of lowest SST from ( 本文编辑 : 李晓燕 ) Marie Scieces / Vol. 39, No. 6 / 205 3

08苗爱梅

08苗爱梅第 30 卷第 7 期 011 年 07 月地理科学进展 PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY Vol.30, No.7 July, 011 近 50 年山西高温日的时空分布及环流特征苗爱梅 1, 贾利冬, 李苗 3 4, 范光海 (1. 山西省气象台, 太原 030006;. 山西省气象局, 太原 03000;

Microsoft Word 于 杰_news_.doc

Microsoft Word 于杰_news_.doc