Microsoft Word 陈智毅-二校-校对.docx

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1 5 8 Vol. 5 No Journal of Food Safety and Quality Aug., 2014 陈智毅 1*, 刘学铭 1, 杨春英 1, 杨荣玲 1, 王思远 1, 唐秋实 1, 林耀盛 1, 唐选明 (1., ; 2., ) 2 摘要 : 目的 CO 2 方法 CO 2,, - 结果,, 15 MPa h,, 52.00% 1.07% 11, (40.26%)(29.27%) (16.12%)(7.38%) 结论, 关键词 : ; (Zophobas morio); The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of superworm oils and analysis by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry CHEN Zhi-Yi 1*, LIU Xue-Ming 1, YANG Chun-Ying 1, YANG Rong-Ling 1, WANG Si-Yuan 1, TANG Qiu-Shi 1, LIN Yao-Sheng 1, TANG Xuan-Ming 2 (1. Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou , China; 2. Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology CAAS, Beijing , China ABSTRACT: Objective Study on supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) extraction technology and fatty acid composition of superworm (Zophobas morio) fed by Flammulina velutipes bran. Methods The effects of extraction pressure and temperature on the extraction rate of superworm oil which was extracted by supercritical CO 2 were discussed, and the fatty acid composition of superworm oil after methyl esterification was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results The order of superworm oil extraction factors was extraction pressure>temperature>time. Consider the cost of production, this experiment selected the condition of 15 MPa, 55, 1.5 h, under the condition, the extraction rate was 52.00%±1.07%. 11 kinds of fatty acids from superworm oil by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry were identified, mainly oleic acid (40.26%), pal- 基金项目 : ( ) ( ) (2011A B A ) Fund: Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest ( ) and Guangdong Province Science and Technology Plan Project (2011A , 2012B , 2012A ) * 通讯作者 :,,, fezychen@scut.edu.cn *Corresponding author: CHEN Zhi-Yi, Associate Professor, Sericultural and Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.133, Yihenglu Dongguangzhuang, Tianhe District, Guangzhou , China. fezychen@scut.edu.cn

2 8, : 2533 mitic acid (29.27%), linoleic acid (16.12%), and stearic acid (7.38%), etc. Conclusion Superworm oil has high edible and medicinal value, which enables waste and agricultural by-products to be turned into superworm by biotransformation technology, and supplies oil resources of food, feed and renewable energy continuously. KEY WORDS: supercritical carbon dioxide extraction; superworm(zophobas morio) oil; gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry 1 引言 (Zophobas morio),, 51%, 29%,,,,, [1-3], [4],, [5] CO 2 (supercritical carbon dioxide, SC-CO 2 ) [6-7] CO 2,, CO 2 [8-12] SC-CO 2,, SC-CO 2 ; (gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry, GC-MS), 2 材料与方法 2.1 材料与仪器, [5] CO 2 (.5%), HL-1L/50MPa-HB ( ); S2C-C ( ); 6890N-5973B - ( Agilent ); JM1000Max1000 ( ); BS-124S (Sartorius ); ( ); DG160 ( ); GHRH-20 () 2.2 实验方法样品前处理,,,, 35 5%,, 超临界 CO 2 萃取大麦虫油脂工艺流程, CO 2 : (%)=( / ) 100% [13, 14] 萃取实验设计 CO 2,,, (A) (B) (C),,,, L 9 (3 3 ),, 1, 9, 3 [15] 油脂成分分析方法 : : 0.5 g, 5 ml0.5 表 1 因素水平表 Table 1 Factor level charts A /MPa B / C /h

3 mol/l, 30 min; 5 ml, 2 min, ( 20 ), : Agilent 6890N ; : DB-WAX (30 m 320 μm 0.25 μm); : 250 ; FID : 250 ; : 80, 10 /min 200, 2 /min 230, 1 min; : 20:1; : He, 20 ml/min : (EI) ; 70 ev; 275 ; 200 ; m/z285; 1.5 V; m/z 30~ 450 Nist05a 3 结果与分析 3.1 单因素实验压力对萃取率的影响 1 55, 1,,, 15 MPa 20 MPa,, 15 MPa, 1 h, 1.5h, 2 h 温度对萃取率的影响 2 20 MPa, 2,,, 55, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h 2 Fig. 2 Effects of temperature on extraction rate 时间对萃取率的影响, 1 2,, 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h,,, 3.2 大麦虫油脂超临界 CO 2 萃取最佳工艺条件的确定 2, Table 2 表 2 正交实验结果及分析 The results of orthogonal experiment and analysis A /MPa B / C /h % 1 20(1) 55(1) 2.0(1) (1) 45(2) 1.5(2) (1) 35(3) 1.0(3) (2) 55(1) 1.5(2) (2) 45(2) 1.0(3) (2) 35(3) 2.0(1) (3) 55(1) 1.0(3) (3) 45(2) 2.0(1) (3) 35(3) 1.5(2) K K K k k k Fig. 1 Effects of extraction pressure on superworm oil extraction rate R

4 8, : 2535 A B C, A 1 B 1 C 1, 20 MPa 55 2 h, 56.52% 2 h,,, 2 h, 2 h,, A 2 B 1 C 2, 15 MPa h,,, 52.00% 1.07% 3.3 大麦虫油脂气质联用分析图谱 55, 20 MPa, 1 h 1.5 h 2 h GC-MS, h 1.5 h 2 h, GC-MS,,, 3.4 大麦虫油脂中主要化学成分 GC-MS 分析结果 GC-MS, Nist05a,, 11, 3, 40.26% 29.27% 16.12% 7.38% 4 讨论 CO 2, Fig. 3 3 GCMS GC-MS Chromatogram of superworm oil with different extraction time

2536 5 表 3 大麦虫油脂脂肪肪酸组成 Table 3 Superworm fatty acid composition (% %) 1 methyl tetradecanoate 242 1.

39 98 C 16 H 3 32O 2 4 hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester 270 29.27 92 C 17 H 3 34O 2 5 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester -9,12-266 0.

11 96 C 17 H 3 34O 2 8 heptadecanoic acid, methyl ester 284 0.73 C 18 H 3 36O 2 9 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester -9,12- ( ) 294 16.

5 表 3 大麦虫油脂脂肪肪酸组成 Table 3 Superworm fatty acid composition (% %) 1 methyl tetradecanoate C 15 H 3 30O 2 2 tetradecanoic acid, 12-methyl-, methyl ester C 16 H 3 32O 2 3 pentadecanoic acid, methyl ester C 16 H 3 32O 2 4 hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester C 17 H 3 34O 2 5 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester -9, C 16 H 3 30O hexadecenoic acid, methyl ester, (Z) C 17 H 3 32O 2 7 hexadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester C 17 H 3 34O 2 8 heptadecanoic acid, methyl ester C 18 H 3 36O 2 9 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester -9,12- ( ) C 19 H 3 34O octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester C 19 H 3 36O 2 11 octadecanoic acid, methyl ester ( ) C 19 H 3 38O 2 20 MPa h, 56.52%, 48.% 15.37% [6],,,

8, : 2537,, A 2 B 1 C 2, 15 MPa 55 1.5 h, 52.00% 1.07%,,,, CO 2 (40.26%)(29.27%)(16.12%) (7.38%), [6],,, 92% 11,, 3,,,, 参考文献 [1],. [J]., 2013, 01: 78 80, 105. Chen ZY, Ye ZL.

6 8, : 2537,, A 2 B 1 C 2, 15 MPa h, 52.00% 1.07%,,,, CO 2 (40.26%)(29.27%)(16.12%) (7.38%), [6],,, 92% 11,, 3,,,, 参考文献 [1],. [J]., 2013, 01: 78 80, 105. Chen ZY, Ye ZL. Benefit analysis of breeding of Zophobas morio [J]. Anim Husb Feed Sci, 2013, 01: 78 80, 105. [2] Finke MD. Gut loading to enhance the nutrient content of insects as food for reptiles: A mathematical approach [J]. Zoo Bio, 2003, 22(2): [3] Finke MD. Complete nutrient composition of commercially raised vertebrates used as food for insectivores [J]. Zoo Bio, 2002, 21(3): [4],. Zophobas morio [J]., 2010, 04: Miao SJ, Zhang YL. Feeding and degradation effect on the plastic of Zophobas morio [J]. J Environ Entomol, 2010, 04: [5],,,. [P]. : CN A, Chen ZY, Ye YS, Ye ZL, et al. A kind of the production method and its application of waste after flammulina velutipes cultivation as feed [P]. Guangdong: CN A, [6],. [J]., 2010, 09: Feng JH, Xing RE. Study on the fatty acid compositions of superworm(zophobas morio L.) larva oil [J]. Food Nutr China, 2010, 09: [7],,,. [J]., 2012, 55(3): Chen WT, Liu HL, Yao LG, et al. Assay and comparison of chemical constituents of crude methanol extracts from different developmental stages of darkling beetle Zophpbas morio (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) [J]. Acta Entomol Sin, 2012, 55(3): [8],,,. [J]., 2013, 06: Wan HY, Gu LL, Liu WT, et al. Development present situation of supercritical fluid extraction technology [J]. Chem Sci Technol, 2013, 06: [9],,. [J]., 2014, 02: Wang JJ, Sun HJ, Feng XQ. Application progress of the use of supercritical fluid extraction technology in agricultural produces [J]. J Food Saf Qual, 2014, 02: [10]. CO 2 [J]., 2014, 01: Sun YW. Application of entrainer in the supercritical CO 2 extraction on effective components of traditional Chinese medicine [J]. J Pharm Res, 2014, 01: [11]. [J]., 2014, 01: 1 3, 9. Miao RC. Research progress in edible oil processing technology [J]. Food Eng, 2014, 01: 1 3, 9. [12],,,. [J]., 2008, 6(2): 6 7. Chen BC, Mao DB, Guo P, et al. Supercritical extraction technology in food industry [J]. Food Eng, 2008, 6(2): 6 7. [13],,,. [J]., 2004, 11: Gao BS, Wang N, Huang LH, et al. Optimization of extracting technology for volatile oil from floscaryophylli by orthogonal test [J]. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res, 2004, 15(11): 734. [14],. [M]. :, Zhang CH, Yan YL. Medical statistics [M]. Beijing: Science Press, [15],,,. GC-MS [J]., 2010, 31(12): Chen ZY, Liu XM, Wu YM, et al. GC-MS analysis of fatty acid composition of silkworm male moths and pupa [J]. Food Sci, 2010, 31(12): 作者简介 ( 责任编辑 : 杨翠娜 ) 陈智毅, 硕士, 副研究员, 主要研究方向为农产品加工 fezychen@scut.edu.cn

Microsoft Word 聂雪梅.doc

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