2014 3 109 1. 2. 100710 3. 030000 KEY WORDS Grinding Stones Use-wear analysis Starch ABSTRACT A set of grinding stones a slab and an elongate handstone dating to the Cishan culture were unearthed at Niubiziwan Wuxiang county Shanxi province. We conducted use-wear and starch analyses on these tools in order to understand the subsistence economy of the Cishan culture in this region. The results show that these tools were used for processing several plants includingquercus sp. acorn Triticeae grasses Paniceae likely millet beans and snakegourd root. Of these plants millet may belong to domesticated forms while acorn and Triticeae grasses are wild. If these plant residues to some extent reflect ancient diet the Cishan culture people in the western side of the Taihang Mountains appear to have heavily relied on wild plants as staple food. 6. 58 12 34. 8 6. 47 4. 7 2. 13 striation pitting 2 1-5 6 2009 2 2 PVS Polyvinylsiloxane 34 28. 7 4. 55
110 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 20μl50% 3 CarlZeissAx- ioscopea1 DIC PVS DIC Axiocam 400 Zeis- Axiocam saxiovisionv4. 0 100x 200x 500x polishreticularpattern polishtopography striations V U pitting surfacemicro - topography 7 8 1. 1 9-11 1 ~ 2 12 1. 5ml 2 2. 4 V
111 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1 100 100 μm 200 50μm 1 2 R1 - P2 P3 U 3 4 R1 - P1 2. GS1 - P1 P2
112 1 2. GS1 - P1 P2 3 4. R1 - P2 P3 5 6. R1 - P1 200 5 6
113 DIC 1 ~ 4. I 5 ~ 8. II 9 ~ 12. III 13 14. IV 15 16. V 3. 15 2 92 13 14
114 + 6μm 5 ~ 8 Agropyron 2 5 6 92 87 13 9 7 8 3. III Paniceae 1. I Quercus I 32 35% + 9 ~ 12 2. 24 ~ 17. 76μm 1 ~ 4 4. 83 ~ 19. 45 μm I Setaria sp. Panicum sp. Echinochloa sp. 1 Quercusviriabilis Q. liaotungensis 9 ~ 16 3 1 ~ 4 2. II Triticeae II 25 27% 20-30μm X III 16 17% III
115 WXGS1-1 I II III IV V 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 WXGS1-2 1 19 0 0 1 8 29 0 WXGS1-3 26 2 15 4 1 2 51 5 WXR1-1 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 0 WXR1-2 4 2 1 0 0 2 9 2 32 25 16 4 2 13 92 9 35% 27% 17% 4% 2% 14% 100% 10% 16 17 III 4. IV Trichosanthes kirilowii IV 4 4% 10. 27 ~ 14. 64μm 18-13 14 20 Trichosanthes kirilowii Isatis indigotica Stephania tetrandra IV 4 17 18 5. V Vigna sp. 2 2% 16. 03 ~ 17. 48μm 15 16 5 19 20
116 1. Quercus liaotungesis 5. Agropyron cristatum 7 8. 9 10. Setaria italica 11 12. Panicum meliaceum 2 3. Quercus variabilis 6. Agropyron desertorum 13. 14. Setaria viridis 17 18. Trichosanthes kirilowii 4. 12 15. Setaria fabri 19 20. Vigna sp 9 ~ 16 10 um 20 um 16. Echinochloa colonum 21 22
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