Emailmosxiang@public.szptt.net.cn 1
... 4... 11...11...11...16...20...27...32...32...38...44...52...52...61...66... 75...75...75...90...98...110...117...117...123...130... 135...135...135...141...147...157...168...168...175...190...207...219...219 2
...234... 245...245...245...250...255...263...263...268... 275... 281 3
1792 9 26 80 110 15 16 1553 18 4
1776 1793 9 14 8 5
1840 5 1901, 2 62 1993 4 2, 120115 6
1949 1953 1978 1949 1841 6 1845 11 19 19 20 70 80 60 50 60 7
60 80 1978 12 80 90 19 40 20 H-O H-O 20 90 21 WTO 8
2001 11 10 18 30 12 11 0 143 1986 7 10 15 1792 9
10
15 G MG 15 1581 1554-1612 16-17 11
1571-1641 15-17 17 advantage 17 18 1623-1687 1711-1776 advantage disadvantage 1723-17901723 6 5 1737 12
1740 1748 1751 1764 13 1776 absolute advantage relative advantage absolute disadvantage relative disadvantage 2830165166170 1974 13
30 30 1/30 1/300 19 28 14
2930 78 560 1988 15
17721823 14 26 27 5 1817 comparative advantage 1760 19 16
100 1 120 1 90 1 80 1 1.1 100 1 80 1 120 1 20 1 1/5 1/6 1.5 80 1 100 1 90 1 10 1 1/9 1/8 1962 113 17
100 114 18
26 125 113114112 28 19
18-19 19 40 19 1789-1846 17 1816 1817 1819 1822 114 1961 11 20
10 1825-1832 1832 1834 1841 1846 15 15 17 17 18 2-4 18 11 13 16-17 18 19 19 19 21
1834 18 19 60 19 19 1770-1831 11 22
11 23
the Theory of the Powers of Production 4 12 4 24
19 10 11 25
33 35 26
20 90 21 WTO 1841 1844 11 19 3 17 1845 3 27
1 2 3 42 240241 1979 42 242243 28
1805 1 2? 42 249268 42 250 29
3 4 42 261263 42 267 30
3 1845 2 15 21 42 256258 2 620-623 1972 31
32
19 40 19 20 20 1927 18591940 1 Absolute Difference in Cost 33
2 Equal Difference in Cost 3 Comparative Difference in Cost Single Difference in Cost 1919 1879-1952 34
1929 1899-1979 1933 1977 HO 1 2 4 23 1986 35
5 20 () 41 1992 74 36
1941 1 222 2 3 4 1970 19 100 37
1906 1925 1928 1936 1946 1973 1953 200 1947 100 1947 1951 38
1958 1962 50 50 1 3 3 39
3 2 3 4 40
5 40 50 1 2 1971 41
3 20 4 20 70 80 (1) 42
(2) (3) 1968 20 80 1980 6 6 6 1963-1985 () 46 1992 43
20 80 20 80 20 60-80 1963 27% 1987 39% 1963 28% l987 33% 14 1% 10% 11% 35% 17% 20 44
1963-1987 45% 55% 70 1977 1979 45
20 80 1980 1985 1990 1981 46
45 2001 12 105106 47
20 90 112 9 48
20 70 20 80 20 50 70 10 20 1 2 113 49
3 111112 1999 50
Little1982 2 1986 51
20 20 20 1901 100 2001 1898 4 132928 1989 10 52
1871 1880 1882 3 7 50 118 6 30 1931 1938 30 1965 5 1966 1972 12 20 20 30 1901 53
1978 12 80 80 50 80 2 1972 54
80 50 80 18-19 20 1999 13 1956 43 1983 55
50 80 14 1982 44 MP 32 1991 56
80 () 156 2001 1988 9 57
80 80 1989 90 1992 6869 1988 1989 3 1989 5 58
1994 3 52-56 1992 59
70 1993 90 8890 1994 http://ccer.pku.edu.cn/en/word/c1999006.doc, 108113153114 60
1997 1999 5 3 5 90 61
http://ccer.pku.edu.cn/en/word/c1999006.doc http://youth.ngo.org.tw/ 2001 10 26 62
63
R&D R&D R&D AB XY http://ccer.pku.edu.cn/en/word/c1999006.doc 64
AXBX A X B X AY BY A Y B Y AX BYAY/BY A Y A Y AXBXAYBY AXBXAYBY A Y A X 2001 112 1997 39 2001 65
90 90 90 436270 66
50 19 80 20 10 360 1999 67
80 20 363366368 www.028cn.com2001 9 1 68
30 50 80 20 80 6000 2001 168 2000 (www.cei.gov.cn)2002 11 1 69
200 20 90 21 4 H-O 1980 H-O 2000 http://www.inframarginal.com/sc-index.htm 1 1 2001 11 70
H-O www.nju.edu.cn/njuc/dep/shangyuan/downloadfiles/sfwp2002-04.doc 2002 1 2 http://www.nju.edu.cn/njuc/dep/shangyuan/downloadfiles/sfwp2002-13.doc 71
2001 Curse To The Late Comer http://www.inframarginal.com/sc-index.htm 72
2002 7 181 http://www.unirule.org.cn/symposium/c181.htm VS http://www.cc.org.cn/pingtai/021016300/0210163000.htm 73
74
20 90 2002 6 1101 677.3 6280 1841 1 25 6 7 1842 8 29 1860 1898 6 75
20 1869 19 1834 1843 5 1848 6 3 C.O.129 / 2 1882 1983 571 572 22 1982 13 76
95% 90% 19 90% 19 60 19 90 19 20 20 1947-1950 1 1996 2 77
50 1946 155 1950 223.7 24 1965 10 40 50 1950 50 6-7 10 1959 22.82 69.6% 20 60 1961-1971 10 16.68% 13.17% 14.22% GDP 13.71%GDP 10.99%1969 GDP 154.99 GDP 858.9 70 1 70 1973 70 2 2 78
1960 3 1978 842 1979 1075 90567 65.82 1972 1 1979 51.56 85%1978 1 21.72 3 60 70 1971-1981 GDP 19.99% GDP 17.12% 70 70 1977. 1 2 3 4 39 1992 136-136 1993 3 156 22 1998 79
70 1979 80 80 1987 20 40 50 50 1950 55 1960 45 1970 36 1975 30 1980 20 1950 4 1960 59.5 1970 84.5 1975 114.2 80 2-1-1 1983 46309 1706.8l 80
2-1-1 1983 368.5 50 92% 30.45% 1-9 64.2% 6.6%200-499 0.98% 17.62% 500 0.34% 20.44% 80 1959 105 1992 41000 33 390 80 5 6 1985 31 81
7 10 70 80 10 90 80% 80%90% 80.5% 90% 3 500 80 5 2000 1979 2-1-290 90 2-1-2 1979-2000 151 1993 3 http://www.moftec.org.hk/sc/trade1b.php 82
80 70 19.13% 21.5% 1986 44%1987 48%1988 55.9% 1992 36.7% 74.7%1996 85%2001 13274.67 89.63% 1535.2 10.37%2002 14295.9 91.61% 1309.26 8.39% 1970 60% 1988 71.9%18 11.9%1988 http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/chinese/hkstat/fas/ex-trade/trade1/aggregate/trade1_std1_index.html 83
2001 86.5%13 14.6% 80 2-1-3 2-1-3 1980-2001 % 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 67.3 69.5 74.4 83.7 84.3 85.1 84.9 85.3 85.7 86.5 21.3 22.7 25.1 26.8 26.8 25.7 25.0 25.2 26.4 26.1 6.7 5.7 5.3 4.6 4.6 4.3 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.7 10.7 12.6 15.3 18.4 18.5 18.0 18.3 18.2 19.6 19.5 3.9 4.4 4.5 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.1 2.9 7.4 8.1 9.5 10.0 9.8 9.1 9.2 9.6 10.2 10.5 5.9 6.2 7.4 7.4 7.1 6.7 7.0 7.6 8.0 8.0 1.4 1.9 2.0 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.6 23.0 16.1 20.4 24.8 25.5 26.5 24.6 23.9 23.7 22.5 7.2 6.5 7.2 10.6 11.1 11.1 10.5 11.9 12.7 12.0 13.5 6.6 9.6 9.8 10.1 10.7 9.5 7.4 6.3 5.9 2.3 3.0 3.6 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.6 12.0 16.6 14.4 16.9 17.2 17.4 19.3 20.9 20.5 21.9 8.9 10.4 10.5 13.0 12.7 13.5 14.2 13.8 12.6 13.3-5.3-4.6-5.5-7.7-7.7-7.1-7.4-8.0-7.8-7.7 http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/chinese/hkstat/fas/nat_account/gdp/gdp6_index.html 84
80 5 20 2-1-3 2-1-4 1947-1952 1952-1970 1970-1982 1982-1990 / ( ) 80 1980-1989 16.5%1984 47517 6370 3 90 1993 1993 3 105 85
13.7%8443.22 18364 7 2 1975 1985 1969 1993 2-1-5 2-1-5 100 / % 1993 2 118 848 100 740 089 34.93 320 060 15.11 231 867 10.94 122 139 5.76 1994 2 420 722 100 854 721 35.30 360 839 14.91 260 236 10.75 135 802 5.60 1995 2 835 248 100 987 079 34.81 407 324 14.37 303 212 10.69 164 995 5.82 1996 2 933 499 100 1 049 815 35.79 417 260 14.22 299 727 10.23 156 545 5.34 1997 3 071 040 100 1 116 117 36.34 441 826 14.37 310 011 10.09 161 158 5.25 1998 2 776 741 100 1 044 045 37.60 421 236 15.17 250 576 9.02 137 948 4.97 1999 2 741 717 100 1 057 149 38.56 419 374 15.30 235 616 8.59 133 386 4.87 2000 3 230 652 100 1 257 968 38.94 478 286 14.80 286 110 8.87 163 972 5.08 2001 3 049 181 100 1 228 101 40.28 434 720 14.27 264 210 8.66 143 295 4.70 2002 3 179 936 100 1 330 317 41.83 424 429 13.35 266 281 8.37 150 487 4.73 90 2-1-6 1994 70 90 GDP 1976-1988 1989-1995 http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/chinese/hkstat/fas/ex-trade/trade1/country/trade1_std6_index.html 86
1995 5-6 1985 7 12 1985 10 2 1985 5 1997 7 1 10 8 7 16820 2-1-6 1976-1995 7.8 1 6600 5 1998 10 1997-2001 4 60 1997 134 1998 87
1997-1998 2001 1998 1999 2001 2-1-71998 11% -4.8% 15.8% 1999 2001-2.6%-0.7% 1997 GDP 2-1-7 1996-2001 / % 1996 12109.25 10.5 1997 13445.46 11.0 1998 12798.50-4.8 1999 12461.34-2.6 2000 12883.38 3.4 2001 12789.95-0.7 2003 1 2001 10 27 http://www.info.gov.hk/hkfacts_gb/cstats.pdf 2003 http://www.policyaddress.gov.hk/pa03/chi/speech_c.doc 88
2003 89
1910 10.94 2001 27.8 43.7 1.8 15 16 16 1571 500 1845 1849 1851 1864 16 70 17 40 17 40 1757 2003 http://www.policyaddress.gov.hk/pa03/chi/speech_c.doc 90
19 40 19 40 1888 1892 19 1876 1877 1897 19 20 30 70 1897 1904 20 20 1931 1887-1946 25128 1998 91
19 50 1874 3 27 1946 19 1865 1871 19 20 20 16 92
19 40 300 19 40 1875 1905 1912 1918 20 60 80 1963 7 7 70 80 80 1980 1999 6 93
1989 10 ()1131 2184 48222 68276 29.55 134.81 16.4% 80 90 1993 143.2 1992 0.11%1995 () 1388 68276 44284 1993 0.32% 147.87 1984 36.9% 1996 15.1% 1977 4 7 1983 90 20 60 70 80 90 1993 7 90 5 1999 94
1961 2 1997 234.5 2001 40 2000 600 1000 50%25%13% 1990 36%1997 45%2000 48% 1/3 20 60 80 70 90 1976-1981 16.7% 80 1982-1991 6.05%90 45-50% 1990 10000 10593 1997 16796 90 70 10 45 90 1996 1998 1999-7.1%-5.6% 1999 12 3 2-1-8 2-1-8 1996-2001 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 552.94 558.94 519.02 490.21 497.42 498.02 % -0.1 +1.1-7.1-5.6 +1.5 +0.1 2001 12 26 http://big5.huaxia.com/huaxiazhoukan/yi/gbk/66552.html 5 http://www.cpedm.og.mo/c_main.html http://www.dsec.gov.mo/html/chinese/index.html 95
( ) 133205 133944 122901 114693 115526 114726 ( )) 16721 16796 15403 14351 14394 14281 300 1990 1 1994 1997 1996 43% 1999 3 1 90 96
2 50 2001 7 8-12 2002 2 2002 2003 97
2001 1948.69 468.76 132.04 336.72 2405 391.71 221.68 83.23 138.45 5659 1556.99 247.08 48.81 198.27 1587 3 3 20 70 1979 4 8 4 327.5 80 98
1983 6 230 7.2 6.6 2000 4 17.8 1985 10 2-1-9 1983-1986 1983 78 642 6 230 72 412-66 182 1984 107 247 26 539 80 708-54 169 1985 130 632 56 340 74 292-17 952 1986 184 696 72 552 112 144-39 592 59 1988 L 2000 3 7 5 87% 6% 7% 1985 7 7 http://www.sztj.com/info/c55/c55_2002_12_274877282.htm 99
1985 1986 1985 8 1 1986 2 1 4 80 1987 80 5000 3 1.5 3 133 65 1986 3 3 100
1 2 3 4 5 15% 500 33% 1992 7 1 1979 4 20 169 1537 548 1/3 1980 303 3264 2755 84% 1984 1962 1991 5.8 3.99 1.72 1979-1991 3604 3922 63 26.6 1/3 1/7 27 70.3% 8.3% 4.7% 82% 47% 90 101
90 5 130.16 1979 70.86% 2-1-9 67 64.7% 12.2% 9.4%, 5.8% 500 80 2-1-9 1979 2001 1979 1 537 548 192 356 989 1980 3 264 2 755 252 1 891 612 509 1981 11 282 8 618 1 073 5 427 2 118 2 664 1982 7 379 5 771 1 114 3 823 834 1 608 1983 14 394 11 316 1 906 6 077 3 333 3 078 1984 23 013 1 962 18 640 8 008 5 990 4 642 2 411 1985 32 925 13 585 17 989 6 993 10 316 680 1 351 1986 48 933 10 860 36 450 5 124 30 241 1 085 1 623 1987 40 449 12 436 27 379 8 489 17 826 1 064 634 1988 44 429 14 430 28 716 9 644 10 085 8 987 1 283 1989 45 809 15 563 29 252 16 852 7 182 5 218 994 1990 51 857 12 360 38 994 26 849 4 917 7 228 503 1991 57 988 17 184 39 875 27 330 5 185 7 360 929 1992 71 539 25 808 44 879 20 554 8 716 15 609 852 1993 143 217 43 762 98 900 48 165 15 097 35 638 555 1994 172 959 47 367 125 046 49 312 21 388 54 346 546 1995 173 545 42 556 130 989 33 120 28 003 69 866 1996 242 242 37 177 205 065 89 228 26 776 89 061 1997 287 168 57 095 166 112 53 271 20 771 92 070 63 961 1998 255 222 55 717 166 357 73 762 22 354 67 561 33 148 1999 275 422 64 077 177 839 74 848 18 954 82 556 33 506 2000 296 839 43 671 196 145 71 789 19 102 103 061 57 023 2001 360 277 44 527 259 080 59 076 56 621 139 157 56 670 2 661 689 560 137 1836 715 686 951 347 098 792 086 264 837 http://www.sztj.com/info/c55/c55_2002_12_277591516.htm 102
1980 1992 390 1992 108 100 80 99% 1% 100 30 1979 13.95 1992 148.98 2001 332.8 10 180 1979 1.96 37.0%20.5%42.5% 1985 39 6.7% 41.9% 51.4 % 10.2 1979 11.8% 26.2% 1992 1993 449.3 245.5 54.6% 2-1-10 2001 1954.65 0.9%54%45.1% 905.2 46.3% 2002 47.9% 61.3% 15.0% 9.2% 2-1-10 1979-2001 / 1979 19 638 7 273 4 017 2 313 1 704 8 348 606 1980 27 012 7 803 7 036 3 726 3 310 12 173 835 1981 49 576 13 343 16 019 8 311 7 708 20 214 1 417 http://www.sztj.com/info/c55/c55_2002_12_123342401.htm 103
1982 82 573 18 960 31 439 9 540 21 899 32 174 2 023 1983 131 212 22 614 55 848 22 466 33 382 52 750 2 512 1984 234 161 25 932 106 606 51 802 54 804 101 623 3 504 1985 390 222 26 111 163 586 102 137 61 449 200 525 4 809 1986 416 451 32 907 163 185 106 606 56 579 220 359 4 584 1987 559 015 46 519 220 463 164 445 56 018 292 033 5 349 1988 869 807 57 005 359 230 274 787 84 443 453 572 6 477 1989 1 156 565 68 615 505 361 400 579 104 782 582 589 6 710 1990 1 716 665 70 220 769 319 644 947 124 372 877 126 8 724 1991 2 366 630 80 836 1 126 084 928 846 197 238 1 159 710 10 746 1992 3 173 194 105 914 1 522 432 1 176 087 346 345 1 544 848 12 707 1993 4 492 889 110 089 2 455 282 1 832 121 623 161 1 927 518 16 165 1994 6 151 933 137 817 3 365 175 2 648 856 716 319 2 648 941 19 514 1995 7 956 950 129 243 4 169 346 3 262 764 906 582 3 658 361 23 381 1996 9 500 446 157 036 4 781 274 3 823 872 957 402 4 562 136 27 005 1997 11 300 133 157 952 5 566 344 4 476 048 1 090 296 5 575 837 30 619 1998 12 890 190 164 544 6 445 832 5 174 495 1 271 337 6 279 814 33 282 1999 14 360 267 165 327 7 271 146 5 874 637 1 396 509 6 923 794 35 896 2000 16 654 652 173 374 8 740 081 7 279 529 1 460 552 7 741 197 39 745 2001 19 546 539 181 096 10 556 758 9 051 843 1 504 915 8 808 685 43 355 2001 1979 849.8 30.3%1992-2001 10 18.9%90 5 15% 8% 21 2001 4 43355 5237 2002 2239.41 15.0% 4 GDP 46003 5558 304.34 3 465.57 10 1 16% 40% 1/5 4952.73 1756.49 3512.48 4 800 300 500 90 104
1992 1988 1992 1994 1995 1996 1993 90 80 90 293299 1998 105
1988 4.5 4.5% 1996 347.61 53.93% 1211.88 28.7% 8.2% 333.12 55.45% 95.83% 1 28.4 66.08% 70.79% 2.8 30.24 60.17% 9.08% 1997 474.47 35% 36.56% 1988-1997 10 10 104 1980 1996 17.55% 31.25% 38.09% 1996 50% 1998 655.18 95%43% 90% 90% 15%25% 70% 1999 819.79 25.1% 1991-1999 4.5% 1999 40.5% 42 20% 2000 1064.45 29.8% 1998 8 8 2000 2 20 106
42.28%2001 I T 1321 24.1% 45.9% 1800 13.26% 1500 2000 18% 40% 7% 10% 50% 90 2001 11 5561 963 62% 43% 1998 64% 88%1999 46.8% 2000 532.54 39.4% 50.0% 3.4%2001 52.8% 697.96 1991 2.3 1998 145.2 1/6 7 72 87% 1999 186 2001 400 3 30%2001 1200 7.4 23 1997 7 2001 104 46% 1989 2001 40 0.5 0.18 40 10 35 2002 4 25 107
21 2001 1769.08 57.24% 7926 790.87 100 133 8.7 90 60% 45% 1 160 9.5 180 60 45 60% 1992 90 2001 1/79 8 2000 90 2002 10 26 108
1987 1990 12 10 15% 90 2000 9 90 90 3/4 2002 11 http://www.gdnet.com.cn/hottopic/2003/0104/ 109
1983-1985 1994-1995 2002 1 2003 2001 7640 1630 146 125.28 75.93 1979 1980 8 6.81 1983 6 15.16 1988 4 121 1978 8023 2556 1599 3868 9 149 1979-1980 3271 5000 3 1.5 1.5 10 3 372 78 35 110
1979 11 740 55 ( ) 5 1980 10 1979-1984 5 2.5 80 1981 5 1985 6-8 2000 15-20 1984 14.4 600 528 87.4% 291 3.34 1983 160% 1986 9.43 1984 1987 6 () 1990 l 7 2000 35 40 60 111
1989 765 33 1980 1979 23.6 24.7 1979 40 26.17 22.5 6 84 30 12.63 1979 13.5 6.5 12.9 11.02 2.81 80 45 5000 90 90 26 1000 50 1 50 3 400 760 1 100 50 52 1990 486 1996 112
1 1650 1993 1992 8 1994 1995 6 WEIBUS SMITH ASSOCIATES 15 1996 73 2011 1121 1996 12000 2011 224200 2011 10.16 5 2000 1.0836 57.9 9454 1996 5 4-E 10 1200 91600 27.7 17 4 4000 60 50 11.52 49% 1999 7 260 70 3.65 90 1999 260 286.6 90.7% 1992 1993 1991 10 http://www.china-wisdom.net/wzggzs/mszr/m005.asp http://www.sina.com.cn 2001/07/20 http://airport.at.fm365.com/airport42.htm http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjshujia/zggqgl/200210240193.htm 113
1979 1.96 2.09 1989 30.81 115.66 3.75 90 1999 286.6 1436 5 2001 366.59 1954.65 5.33 3 2-1-11 2-1-11 1979-2001 1979 20883 19638 418 1537 1989 308097 1156565 16947 45809 1990 414277 1716665 10828 51857 1991 623715 2366630 16979 57988 1992 1031712 3173194 32704 71539 1993 1340058 4492889 56277 143217 1994 1572014 6151933 76289 172959 1995 1850573 7956950 68055 173545 1996 2073203 9500446 90814 242242 1997 2351974 11300133 102398 287168 1998 2635000 12890190 110657 255222 1999 2866141 14360267 95439 275422 2000 3302555 16654652 101937 296839 2001 3665942 19546539 120161 360277 http://www.stats-zh.gov.cn/year/02.htm http://www.sztj.com 114
2000 19992020 1/7 10 10.8% 2.6% 21 2000 10 238 4% 2001 8 11 20 21 5 1999 4 90 http://www.zei.gov.cn/gov/jjqs/city/csh13/15.html 115
21 20 10 116
1994 11 14 4.16 23.4% 2056 1/3 1994 2000 11 2002 117
2002 2-2-1 2002 GDP 1101 678.7 12711 24014 2020 504.25 2239.41 5561 25.8 44.2 541 15354 1630 123.35 410.64 4022 4776.8 1350.5 2017 16695 2-2-1 2002 4800 1350 GDP 2000 17000 GDP GDP 1980 30% 90 1979 GDP 1.96 GDP 1075.45 0.36% GDP 15491998 GDP 1289.28 GDP 12891.92 9.1% 20 GDP 1112000 GDP 12717 GDP 1665 2003 4 1 GDP 1 7.799 8.034 8.277 118
182001 GDP 12789.95 GDP 1954.65 172002 16 2002 GDP 102398 1 8.277 GDP 12371 128453 GDP 963 GDP GDP 24.945.7715.944.18 GDP GDP 13.17% GDP GDP 2.2% 4 GDP 8 46 GDP GDP GDP 16695 GDP 16.3% 2001 2600 20 GDP 1980 GDP 76.15% 16 3/4 1 3 11 15 2002 2-2-2 2002 100000 7534 19105 3063 6341 1334.7 5408.76 4896 ttp://www.news.gov.hk/tc/category/ontherecord/030110/html/030110e11002.htm http://www.jssb.gov.cn/tjxx/xxxw/xx0212041.htm2002 2002 GDP 1/5 2003 3 3 119
2-2-2 15 10 1% 2001 7534 5.9%2002 GDP 19105 18.5% GDP 3063 3.18 2-2-1 2-2-2 4 4776.8 15 4.8%1350.5 17.93%GDP 2017 16695 GDP 87.39% 3001.69 5 GDP 15 GDP 590 GDP 2002 GDP 5408.76 1334.7 GDP 4896 GDP 5.1 GDP 5561 GDP GDP 2002 2.42 21 GDP 2002 GDP 12711 GDP 2.49 20 80 120
90 21 650 21 3000 / 1999 2002 121
1986 2000 220.7 141.4 64% 22% 78% 50% 2002 1 11 426.56 26.0% 39.8% 37.4% 25.3% 16.2% 11.5% 18.7% 2001 1.18 50% 1172.17 80% 420 850 60 2001 1.1 2000 2002 4000 4500 20-22 47% 17% 10% 10 100 2002 12 12 2002 4 610 16 2002 300 40% 2001 12 47 6597 112 67 31242375 30.6 9.4 21 2001 122
20 21 1994 1995 2000 18.4%, 55.7% 10.73 28.84 1.7 10 39% 63.6% 67% 2-2-3 80 2-2-3 2000 ( ( ( ) ) ) ( ) ( ) % 26.39 29.68 324.78 230.14 1835 161 18.4 2000 63.9 31.6 454.2 309.9 1861 55.7 28.84 209.5 693 417 170 10 149 2002 123
46.00 28.00 355 200 6681 253 1999 6881 174 12.00 7.00 100.00 48.00 2000 240 2001 3 10 15 20 2001-2002 2-2-4 GDP 2-2-5 1 5 2-2-4 5 4.14 3.40 3.82 2.73 3.59 3.05 3.75 2.96 http://www.tdctrade.com/tdcnews/chinese/0103/01031901.htm http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/hk-ch/hk-ch2001-05-2/hk-05.doc 124
2-2-5 GDP 4.5% 10.1% GDP 2.7% 9.7% (1990-1899 ) (1990-1999 ) GDP PPP 20763 12303 5.3% 9.0% PPP (GDP) (PPP) (1990-1999 ) GDP 2236 277.3 1132 1657 1999 1999 5605 20092 1173 48534 1999 2000 1999 2000 10083 24420 59865 186300 1999 2000 1999 2000 0.9074 5.06 1999 3.08 7.06 1999 676 1313 1098 6340.5 1999 21 2001 http://www.chinabiz.org.tw/maz/hk-ch/hk-ch2001-05-2/hk-05.doc 125
20 80 2002 11 http://www.cpedm.org.mo/c_main.html 126
20 80 2002 3 2003 1 20 80 2003 1 9 127
19 40 1993 23 90 21 200 4 80 128
1997 10% 1997 7400 2001 1.18 2003 40% 2004 5154 6 109.87 2003 2005 7 7 8 21 30 150 129
21 20 80 1979-2001 1510.6 970.3 71.2%68.8% 80% 2001 790 1100 80 90 90 http://news.xinhuanet.com/misc/2002-12/04/content_646484.htm http://www.news.gov.hk/tc/category/ontherecord/030110/html/030110e11002.htm 10321 1994 12 1997 1 130
90 20 21 10 2003 1 2001 11 1999 10 1999 3 131
2002 24 80 90 2001 2917.77 30% 50% 50% 60% 68% 3225 1283 40% 8 10556.47 1/10 19428.49 1/7 2003 2002 12 12 132
20 90 21 21 2001 2002 6 948 233 159 96 2171 471 437 170 54% 90 1996 10%20 GDP/PPP 1996 5001 6.7 33640 6% 20 GDP 9900 16880 2016 3.4 1.9 21 2003 2002 10 31 2001 8 13 133
2003 134
22 64 36006.2245 130 1895 1945 4 1949 1938 138 1945 64 1949 121 10 1948 1941 56% 1946 609 1949 753.8 1948 8 1946 5 1946 1 100 607.61948 1141.4 1949 6 135
1000 1949-1953 1949 7 1400001949 12 31 51 80 1950 3 300 7% 20% 125% 1950 200 8 3500 1952 3 2 6800 1953 7 6 3500 1950 3 1958 15 1950 6 25 NIES 33 1995 136
1949 1950 2000 1951 5900 1954 3 7 50 1950 1949 1189 89 1946 1 100 1951 53 1950 1949 1965 6 1968 1967 1949-1967 17.685 23.842 50 1.1 5%-10%60 3-1-1 1951-1956 MSA 1957-1960 ICA 1961-1965 AID 1958 1961 1962 351-352 1995 137
3-1-1 / 329 289 55.477 29% 46.379 24% 18.672 10% 50 18601970 134 1981 138
1945 25 8 32 1952 33 1950 1952-1955 6 2 1949 166 137 1952 458 369 1952 1973 90% 1935 5%-10%1948-1949 139
50 3-1-2 3-1-2 1946-1953 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1946 1949 1951 9,548 14,564 14,988 15,667 20,668 25,668 25,668 10,608 10,608 25,668 10,680 1948 1951 3,120 3,120 3,120 3,120 3,120 5,120 1949 1949 1949 1950 5,000 13,992 7,200 17,932 29,400 12,600 19,576 29,652 21,560 1949 1950 5,040 5,040 5,040 16,240 1950 1949 1948 1951 1952 1952 1951 1951 1952 1952 1952 1953 1,000 13,200 10,368 10,368 3,200 10,000 6,484 6,000 13,200 10,368 10,000 6,484 10,000 10,000 9,548 14,564 18,108 23,787 50,020 89,536 139,464 168,972 1950 3 1950 1953 12 4 8 10 1950 5 1952 14 1953 16.9 1948 730 1950 3115 1953 19 346 1950 6 1951 65.1% 1953 1954 1951 18.3%1953 20.8% 208 1995 209 140
40 50 1953 300 40 1948 81.63 56.01% 45.73 11.69% 21.57% 17.6 88.31% 18.3 22.42% 33.44% 6.29% 1 =0.97 49 1991 1964 72 1995 141
1949-1953 3 1949 4 1 37.5% 25% 75% 37.5% 37.5% 37.5%37.5% 2 6 3 2 6 1949 7 1951 5 25.7 31.4% 29.6 44.5% 48.6% 37.5%11.3% 6000 29l7.8 2250 667.8 5.78 1952 1949-1952 81% 6% 1949 12 20% 40% 1952 66% 49-50 1991 142
1951 5 8.1 10 18.1 21% 1947 25% 1951 2.5 10 25% 10 1951 1952195319581961 5 9.6 16.5 0.6 1952 62% 1955 41%1970 23%1988 14% 1953 38% 1955 59% 1970 77% 1988 86% 50 1952 1 NIES 60 1995 143
1953 4 1952 5 1 2 7 2 4 11 3 6 191192201 1997 144
1953 1 20 4 23 1 2 2.5 7 3 4%3 10 20 4 4% 10 20 1953 1 3.2 143 568 55% 166 049 60% 194 823 65% 10 25% 2.5 5-8 4% 1952 13% 14 22 15.4 6.6 14 22 25% 10 30 1949-1979 40 1988 53 1991 145
1952 1938 50 3-1-3 1953-1960 % 50 50 110 18 1980 146
18 20 124-126 1997 147
1919 10 1945 10 5 135 6 253 1985 9 120 148
1946 1 1947 2 593 29 3850 1295 71 6360 48 968 8 8880 109 90 1946 7 4 1947 3 1950 12 860 85 775 376 399 4 22 43 306 9 19 3-1-4 3-1-4 1946 42-43 1995 1995 26-28 149
8 8 9 22 45 150
24 31 7 8 9 12 14 36 l 5 16 163 1951-1965 15 3-1-5 1952 1965 32.4% 50 40% 1954 52.2% 50 1963 1965 1968 3-1-5 1952-1965 % 1952 100.0 1953 100.0 1954 100.0 1955 100.0 1956 100.0 1957 100.0 1958 100.0 1959 100.0 1960 100.0 1961 100.0 1962 100.0 1963 100.0 1964 100.0 1965 100.0 100.0 60.0 63.1 47.8 67.5 57.2 66.8 55.8 54.2 62.7 64.3 65.3 96.0 101.2 84.5 67.6 40.0 36.9 52.2 32.5 42.8 33.2 44.2 45.8 37.3 35.7 34.7 4.0-1.2 15.5 32.4 1961 NIES 145 1995 151
50 40% 60 1965 11.9%50 60 15 37% 26% 67% 27% 6% 1952 1960 26.7% 41.5% 22. 2% 19.9% 14.4% 4 89% 11% 67.7% 28.1% 24% 50 1.8 140 400 2 1949 1 50% 204-205 1997 33 1973 1994 77-78 1950 70 152
40 80% 50 50 3-1-6 3-1-6 1954 / 100 / % NIES 102 1995 153
11675 l 2013 5030 2950 202 2039 216 739 1268 182 319 1935 68 3007 1044 729 3443 2888 1365 358 502 27 74 4 10 320 37 357 14l l7 586 78 29 28 13 3l 41 10 1 6 0 2 0 0 l 11 7 1 U 2 2 3 l 0 4 l l108 358 316 0 28 0 0 13 306 140 0 68 6 7 0 12 7 11665 0 2007 5030 2948 202 2039 215 728 1261 181 319 1933 66 3004 1043 729 3439 2887 257 0 186 27 46 4 l0 320 24 5l 1 17 586 l0 23 21 13 19 34 39748 (100.0) 4018 (100.0) 52 (0.1) 2369 (59.6) 39696 (99.9) 1649 (40.4) 154
1953 11 1958-1963 1953 60 50 1950 200 1953 1228 10.5 76.5% 3.23 23.5% 63. 4% 36.6% 1951 34.6%1953 43.4% 1953 22 14 15.4 10 1 1954 77 1995 209-221 155
4% 6.6 4 1954 3 10 3 2-3 20%-30% 1955 12 18 1956 4 1957 30%-70% 1954 10 1954 1956 1919 20 1945 1946 3 5000 228230233 156
1.9 1951 2.5 1955-1956 6 9 40 50 19 50 1952 6 9 1949 1954-1955 50 1952-1960 839.6 82.7% 17.3% 1952-1960 104.7 1047.3 1152 50 NIES 357 1995 253 157
50 60 90 20 160 1946 609 1949 753.8 1952 812.8 30 2.5% 3% 3-1-7 1962 1151.2 10 338.4 320 257 70 2%-1% 90 1%21 1% 2001 6 2227.56 0.71% 613 3-1-7 1952-1993 % 624 1995 158
6 9 6 12 1950 6-12 71%1952-1953 100 84%1967-1968 98% 230 1952-1953 129 1966-1967 425 9.3 58.1 50 60 45% 15 12 6 159
1956-1965 10 266.3 12 12 1955 55% 1965 47%1965 65% 20 75% 9 80% 60 1963 10 12-14 12 1954 25 60 39 5000 8 1955-1967 1086 9877 9 84 1997 1964 5 8 12 5 160
1964 1 7 1 2 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 1966 50 1952-1962 340% 232% 108% 1968 9 1969-1972 5 9 6.8 1984 9 15% 25% 35% 3-1-8 3-1-8 1950-1995 GNP 85 54 161
1000 / % 50 1960 GNP 1951 2.7 6 1970 6.2 9 1990 8.8 1994 11.4 20 60 90 20%-45% 90% 1998 54 162
1% 0.25% 1 1946 1 8.85 1947 2.655 1950 2.655 1 14.16 1961 19.37 1967 26.35 1968 9 0.65 1 27 1960 14% 2 12 1949 38%1950 60%-70% 30%-40% 3 1949 1 1.5 1950-1960 1 1 1957 7 1958 6 2340 4680 1960 41 1 145 13.5 11 1 3.5 41 163
1951-1965 15 70 1050 28.6% 14% 14.2% 66.3% 70% 60 1 1953 1950-1955 22%1950-1960 10 10 1950-1955 9.1605 1956-1960 9.4834 1961-1965 13.4604 1966-1969 20.0789 1950-1960 50% 1953-1965 3 20% 1966 3 750 4.1 50 1960-1970 1966 11 791 3 1952 425.7 NIES 80 1995 43 1995 18601970 159 1981 132129 1995 164
52.4% 164.2 56.1% 1964 181 1969 615.2 1981 496.4 27.4% 125.7 18.9% 41.2% 1952 16.9% 39.9% 1952 27% 3-1-9 3-1-9 1952-1986 1952 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 56.1 53.6 49.8 45.0 35.1 26.7 18.9 17.0 16.9 18.0 20.9 22.6 29.9 37.6 41.2 41.5 27.0 28.4 29.3 32.4 35.0 35.7 39.9 41.5 60 1965-1980 5 50% 70 1987 29 49% 30-99 15.5% 100-499 13% 500 5% 17.5% 77.5% 45 NIES 174 165
15-24 25 1954 2.49 1954 1961 38% 1961 1966 54% 1966 1971 57% 1961 2.18 1966 1.69 1971 1.13 1977-1987 10 3.1 1962 3-1-10 1/3 1/5 1/14 1/4 1/7 1/22 8 9-11 3-1-10 1962 % % 26.94 100.0 0.11 100.0 23.00 85.4 33.76 125.3 75.71 281.0 0.41 372.7 95.20 144.44 386.24 353.4 533.4 1433.7 0.46 0.81 2.39 418.2 736.4 2172.7 18601970 240 1981 245 1995 166
NIES 189 1995 167
50 1953-1956 1957-1960 6.2% 4.8% 11.7% 11.1% 5.3%4.5% 12% 12.2% GNP 7.5% 1 1953 185 1956 241 1960 381 1956 25 1960 33 2 1948 15% 1956 30% 1948 l00%1956 192% 1948 40% 1956 120% 1948 45% l 956 54% 3 109 1993 168
4 50 1950 511954 18.781 5 6 1960 20% 1952-1954 16.43% 1955-1964 7.54% 11%-12% 50 1959 1960 19 1961-1964 1 2 3 4 129 1997 169
5 50 1957 7 611% 20% 1958 4 1 24.78 36.38 40 1961 4 1960 50 6 4 595.7 44% 9.5% 6.3% 0.9% 14.9% 2.8% 38.4% 11.2% 1963 50% 3% 2070 1964 5270 1963 51.29% 1964 15.1% 18.9% WW 10% 50 1952-1979 75 1991 170
60 68 1998 154159 1997 399 1995 171
50 1960 19 1965 11 30 3339 10 172
19 30 1518 1995 113115158 1997 400 173
60 1970 1959-1963 18601970 134 1981 46 401414386 1994 1999 174
60 50 50 60 1959 10 12 19 60 60 132247 1997 132 175
100 1/5 1/10 1982 57 800 32 800 5 674 7000 1.32 50 60 70 1976 80 26%-28% 1966 12 68.36 1970 111.87 26.16 3-2-1 114 1995 290 1994 176
3-2-1 1966-1996 () ( ) () ( ) 1966 51 10 27 1967 109 15 4600 819 1968 128 25 11961 2638 1969 161 36 23388 6218 1970 183 55 35332 10938 1971 192 63 44056 16347 1972 226 77 52984 22767 1973 290 140 69495 37546 1974 291 156 71387 50884 1975 291 176 60795 45312 1976 291 208 71911 67598 1977 291 229 73136 75048 1978 295 255 74182 90607 1979 303 281 77522 120473 1980 296 308 79257 142380 1981 297 346 77663 158918 1982 289 365 73078 162612 1983 283 382 73828 162084 1984 271 417 81241 203596 1985 252 397 77640 187212 1986 252 459 82437 240273 1987 252 552 90807 317361 1988 246 625 86863 376633 1989 239 706 77314 690726 1990 235 769 68196 352514 1991 243 878 66151 399056 1992 242 923 60747 419037 1993 233 914 53189 432545 68 1999 177
1994 233 968 41925 478021 1995 235 1206 55191 627197 1996 231 1576 55495 689706 1966-1973 51 1973 290 1.4 6.9 1973 6.15 3.75 2.4 1.35 8 13 1389 70 70 80 1975 1985 80 1974-1987 14 2.5 0.5 4.5 1987 48 31.7 16.3 15.4 80 1967 1800 1977 45 000 10 25 1982 82 000 45 1995 126 789 70 192 1967 11 1977 1960 178 1982 2298 209 1992 2400 222 1996 15.76 5.5 628.71 820 289 3.27 1967 1 0.5 80 90 1 5 1967 7500 1992 1900 258 94-95 178
192 70 21 000 1% 3-2-2 3-2-2 1967-1990 % 1967 1.25 1.74 3.03 5.41 2.1 7.7 1967 1973 1973 8.36 6.11 24.28 15.18 15.9 22.7 5.93 4.66 38.14 10.34 10.1 22.7 3.4 1974 9.03 4.44 1974 198l 1981 7.03 3.77 7.84 4.36 88.7 19.97 17.9 29.3 2.8 6.21 4.22 13.82 17.53 13.6 18.7 3.2 1982 1990 1967 819 1.25%1973 3.75 45 8.36%7 1974-1981 7.84% 88.7% 80 60 1965-1973 11% 1952 33.466.61963 51.2948.711973 72.7827.22 1952 7.892.21966 55.1 97 179
44.9 1973 84.615.4 70 70 1973-1979 7 1 319 63% 775 37% 369 17.6% 322 15.4% 84 4%1978 6 3 4000 6 1973-1976 1976-1981 80 backward integration 60 180
60 60 1964-1973 1746 10.24 1 1974-1985 1536 40.62 3.385 3 1985-1990 2302 80.92 13.3 3 1952-1990 132.51 19.53 14.7% 112.98 85.3% 1985 80 1986-1990 25.52 34.9% 15.71 21.5% 3-2-3 3-2-3 1952-1990 100 / % 57 1995 NIES 117 1995 181
国 80 3-2-4 1952-1990 3/4 49% 80 3-2-4 1952-1990 NIES 120 182
100 /% 60 80 3-2-5 80 5 80 80 1984-1985 48% 1986-1987 34% 80 36%-32% 60 1980 7.8% 1990 12.7% 183
3-2-5 80 % 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 34.1 36.1 39.4 45.1 48.8 48.1 47.7 44.1 38.7 36.3 32.4 11.0 11.0 10.7 9.9 10.5 11.3 11.4 13.0 14.5 13.7 12.4 45.1 47.1 50.1 55.0 59.3 59.4 59.1 57.1 53.2 50.0 44.8 7.8 8.4 7.0 6.5 6.9 8.3 7.3 7.7 9.2 10.6 12.7 5.4 4.0 3.5 3.4 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.7 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 61.1 62.2 65.2 67.7 72.0 73.2 71.9 70.0 69.1 67.4 65.5 27.1 28.0 25.3 27.5 29.3 27.6 34.1 33.8 29.8 30.7 29.2 23.7 22.5 24.1 22.9 23.0 23.6 22.5 21.9 26.2 23.0 23.0 50.8 50.5 49.4 50.4 52.3 51.2 56.6 55.7 56.0 53.7 52.2 3.7 3.0 4.2 3.4 3.5 4.2 4.7 5.6 4.2 4.8 4.9 2.6 2.8 3.4 3.4 3.6 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 2.2 3.9 4.2 2.7 58.4 57.8 58.6 58.7 61.1 61.0 66.5 66.4 66.8 65.8 62.8 15%-20% 1952-1979 729 991 3-2-6 1978 206 83 50% 63 NIES 293 184
3-2-6 1952-1979 190 86 33 309 236 80 21 337 76 50 26 152 148 65 4l 254 63 23 17 103 151 25 40 216 125 26 14 165 145 26 13 184 454 185 90 729 765 251 96 991 1966 1977 1958 20 1952-1979 80% 120-121 1995 120 121-122 185
1980 12 2100 600 1980 7 12 1990 121 22 356 427 656 293 1999 292 1.4 82 822 2.7 5 660 12.2 6 509 9 786 1.67 3-2-7 3-2-7 1980-1999 (%) ( ) 1980 7 12 1981 17 7 1982 26 12 1983 37 20 37 1984 44 6 490 32 95 1985 50 6 670 41 105 1986 59 8 275 57 170 206 1987 77 12 201 106 277 227 1988 94 16 445 158 490 5.1 298 1989 105 19 071 282 559 4.6 293 1990 121 22 356 427 656 5.4 293 1991 137 23 297 551 777 6.0 333 1992 140 25 148 628 870 5.4 346 1993 150 28 416 669 1 290 5.0 454 1994 165 33 538 935 1 778 4.8 226 530 1995 180 42 257 1 477 2 993 4.2 532 234 708 http//www.sipa.gov.tw/1/in7/index-in7-1.htm 186
1996 203 54 806 2 585 3 181 5.6 621 376 680 1997 245 68 410 3 758 3 996 6.2 1 021 566 584 1998 272 72 623 5 106 4 550 7.0 904 788 627 1999 292 82 822 5 660 6 509 6.0 1 260 1 276 786 3-2-8 90 80% 50% 30% 1999 605 12.98% 8.9% 0.2% 25% 6.48% 786 312 2.5 3-2-8 1986-2001 % 1986 32.91 118.66 9.65 6.05 2.72 0.44 170.43 1987 38.09 199.06 23.48 12.18 2.69 1.85 277.35 62.74 1988 68.08 353.26 45.00 15.99 3.00 4.53 489.86 76.62 1989 116.57 345.92 69.85 13.90 5.81 7.13 559.18 14.15 1990 146.49 370.34 113.60 11.43 8.18 5.58 655.65 17.25 1991 233.17 373.44 135.65 18.21 10.46 5.78 776.71 18.50 1992 322.14 385.71 124.48 20.18 13.28 4.59 870.38 12.00 1993 558.39 541.77 134.70 35.64 16.22 2.87 1289.59 48.28 1994 840.85 719.08 147.29 47.24 19.46 3.72 1777.64 37.81 1995 1479.50 1215.44 170.02 100.29 24.92 2.01 2992.18 68.32 1996 1570.53 1212.37 192.63 175.34 27.68 2.47 3181.47 6.36 1997 1998.84 1409.62 271.32 278.49 34.14 4.04 3996.46 25.61 1998 2308.29 1598.94 264.48 297.60 75.02 5.69 4550.02 13.87 1999 3608.01 2008.96 323.99 513.88 47.95 6.65 6509.44 43.1 2000 5757.11 2124.89 507.70 809.22 72.58 11.34 9292.65 42.58 http//www.sipa.gov.tw/1/in7/index-in7-1.htm 187
2001 3757.19 1610.71 561.23 623.55 47.97 13.35 6613.99-28.75 80 1988-1999 5% 4564 3240 90 3-2-9 3-2-9 1986-2001 % 1986 3538 1866 303 5707 1987 7392 2788 380 10560 1988 10908 3831 1093 15832 1989 19925 6689 1609 28223 1990 31891 8837 1964 42692 1.79 1991 41109 11401 2602 55112 1.7 1992 47578 12493 2756 62827 1.5 1993 52542 11359 2989 66890 1.5 1994 81405 9609 2484 93498 3.2 1995 129851 15352 2495 147698 2.6 1996 225773 30077 2626 258478 2.3 1997 329447 43555 2644 375647 3.0 1998 460217 47892 2519 510628 1999 522066 41499 2457 566022 1.4 2000 660330 23489 10665 694484 1.20 2001 796515 59879 2429 858823 80 1990 ADL http//www.sipa.gov.tw/1/in7/index-in7-1.htm 188
1986-1995 24.03% 35.49% 40.35% 26.8% 35% 1993 3-2-10 3-2-10 1986-1995 % 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 35.62 34.65 36.23 35.33 34.86 35.10 34.86 35.08 36.24 37.71 24.03 26.30 27.69 29.27 30.42 31.19 32.05 33.49 34.08 35.49 40.35 39.06 36.08 35.40 34.72 33.71 33.09 31.43 29.68 26.80 1995 213.1 2150 90 30% 40% 30% 1989 24.25% 1998 40.91%9 16.66 1998 189
26.6% 1998 29.8% 3.2 43.45% 34.55%8.9 60 1949 1 50% 50-60 10%-20% 70 20%-30% 1981-1985 6896.98 27.5% 3926.76 98.5 50-100% 50-60 49.7% 24.2% 71.9% 5% 190
1967-1982 103.26 1/4 9.5%-12% 22% 10% 1954 241 30.9 50.3% 59% 65.7% 3-2-11 1966 263 3-2-11 1954 (%) ( ) 6144 (100.0) 3090 (50.3) 3054 (9.7) 127746 241 127505 60 21 39 336 2 334 184185 1994 111 1995 191
(%) (100.0) 4018 (%) (100.0) 261 (%) (100.0) 508 (%) {100.0) 4847 (%) (100.0) 847 (%) (100.0) 450 (%) (100.0) (35.0) 2369 (59.0) 6 (2.5) 505 (99.4) 290l (59.9) 35 (4.2) 154 (65.7) (65.0) l649 (41.0) 255 (97.5) 3 (0.6) 1946 (40.1) 812 (95.8) 296 (34.3) 39748 2654 159 42897 60839 24010 52 2 149 205 19 17 39696 2652 10 42692 60820 23993 1278.11 58.7% 17.4744 11.4% 76.2% 30.4%45.1% 3-2-12 70 1976 1008 29 35 1966 2.8 36.78 1.1 97.50 421.9 3.3 18.88 85.62 3.5 1952 1978 189.75 84.68% 70 60 41.5658.44 70 49.9250.08 70 80 1980 29 24 591.7 5 84.42 507 14 1981-1985 4906.91 124.05 981.38 24.81 15.66% 3-2-12 1966 189 111 192
( ) (%) 217726 (100.0) 127811 (58.7) 89915 (41.3) 21765l 263 217388 1531067 (100.0) 174744 (11.4) 1365323 (88.6) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) l474 (100.0) 67237 (100.0) 1879 (100.0) 19839 (100.0) 90429 (100.0) 14046 (100.0) 113251 (100.0) 287 (19.5) 20457 (30.4) 239 (12.7) 19772 (99.7) 40755 (45.1) 707 (5.0) 86349 (76.2) 1187 (80.5) 46780 (69.6) 1640 (87.3) 67 0.3) 49674 (54.9) 13339 (95.0) 26902 (23.8) 781 27709 4752 147 33389 124082 6012l 4 43 2 137 186 18 59 777 27666 4750 10 33203 124064 60180 78242 (100.0) 589660 (100.0) 182838 (100.0) 18934 (100.0) 869674 (100.0) 300699 (100.0) 360694 (100.0) 10390 (13.5) 79726 (13.5) 5314 (2.9) 18843 (94.8) 114273 (13.1) l844 (0.4) 58627 (16.3) 67852 (86.5) 509934 (86.5) 177524 (97.1) 91 (5.2) 755401 (86.9) 298855 (99.6) 302067 (83.7) 50 60 1953-1963 50.2% 16.2% 49.8% 8.8% 1964-1973 68.1% 23.4% 31.1% 11.7% 3 193
50 60 1967 7 7 70 80 1974 1982 1976 41.9 99% 329 89% 318 42.99%1952-1985 16 112 1985 81.2% 18.8% 3-2-13 3-2-13 1953-1990 374 1995, NIES 135 1995 194
% 1953 1955 1960 1965 1970 1875 1980 1985 1989 1990 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 44.1 48.9 52.1 58.7 72.3 77.9 79.1 81.2 81.4 81.0 55.9 51.1 47.9 41.3 27.7 22.1 20.9 18.8 18.6 19.0 37.5 17.5 11.1 21.3 23.2 9.4 7.2 2.7 3.0-1.4 25.6 10.6 9.2 10.1 13.7 4.4 5.4 2.5 6.7 0.7 1953-1963 1964-1973 1974-1985 1986-1990 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 50.2 68.9 79.1 81.9 49.8 31.1 20.9 18.1 16.2 23.4 9.8 6.3 8.8 11.7 8.2 6.4 80 80 1984 11 6 1986 3 195
1985 1989 7 9 13 1991 6 1953 2 90 3-2-14 3-2-14 1952-1993 % 1998 196
1952 17.78 31.70 50.52 100 23.19 76.8l 100 4.15 95.85 100 1957 17.26 39.09 43.65 100 22.24 77.76 100 10.36 89.64 100 1962 14.39 33.88 51.73 100 20.49 79.51 100 11.25 88.75 100 1967 11.13 27.76 61.11 100 17.29 82.71 100 12.68 87.31 100 1972 11.16 32.82 56.02 100 13.64 86.36 100 13.23 86.77 100 1977 20.49 29.93 49.58 100 16.39 83.61 100 13.59 86.4l 100 1982 17.03 33.74 49.23 100 17.96 82.04 100 10.96 89.04 100 1987 18.07 21.94 59.99 100 12.96 87.04 100 12.08 87.92 100 1992 28.78 21.07 50.15 100 12.43 87.57 100 3.23 96.77 100 1993 31.06 17.97 50.97 100 12.34 87.66 100 3.21 96.79 100 1994 50% 40 1989 1995 4 12 47.81% 726.5 805.4 80% 20% 2001 27 3-2-15 4000 15 14 3-2-15 1994-2000 1994 6 20 1994 6 22 1995 4 12 1996 5 20 1997 1 10 1997 6 30 http://www.cepd.gov.tw/industry/govement.doc 197
1999 9 1 1994 5 5 1999 9 3 1999 9 13 1996 2 15 2001 7 1 1996 3 16 1998 1 1 1998 8 1 1998 1 1 1998 1 22 1998 1 22 1998 1 22 1998 1 22 1998 6 20 1998 6 30 1999 1 8 1999 9 27 1999 11 30 2000 12 31 2000 12 31 198
46.1% 48.3% 65 http://www.cc.org.cn/luntan/china/goodshow.php3?db=1&id=75713&id1=26561mode=1 http://labor.ngo.org.tw/weekly/b990208.htm 199
60 60 90 3-2-16 3-2-16 1991 4 ( ) (%) 1995 3 http://www.chinayj.net/stubarticle.asp?issue=950307&total=48 http://labor.ngo.org.tw/weekly/b990208.htm NIES 357-359 1995 200
1951 1955 1956 1959 1962 1962 1965 1965 1965 1967 1968 1969 1970 1970 1970 1971 197l 1972 1946 1966 1975 1975 1976 1976 1978 1978 1979 1979 1979 1980 1980 1980 1982 1982 1.9 2.5 6.43 9.67 30.82 11.99 3.6 2.8 1.06 1.9 18.74 11 10 14.5 1.8 2.01 10 14 0.685 24.9 15 21.54 2.34 11.15 4 9.8 6 26.25 12.5 18.03 0.8 7.09 100 100 17.1 50+ 12.2 4 100 50+ 14 100 39.6 50+ 7 7.4 30 14.9 52.21 100 12 24.9 58.2 25 18.31 36.58 100 49 17.76 4.9 47.2 30 10 18 201
( ) () 1983 1984 1986 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1989 62 20 5 2 15 10 2.5 4 8 12 20 45 44 50+ 30 30 1990 100 2 15 20 49 202
( ) () 1 100 1.2 30 3 30 100 50 1967 9 500 100 50 6 1 6000 200 2 8000 50 3-2-17 1954 1-9 90.73% 1996 70% 10~49 50~99 10~49 1954 8.02% 1966 22.38% 203
1996 25.20% 50~99 1954 0.68% 1984 4.71% 1996 2.87% 1961 18 1997 100 3-2-17 % 1-9 10-49 50-99 100-499 500 1954 90.73 8.02 0.68 0.50 0.07 1961 89.49 8.94 0.83 0.62 0.13 1966 72.11 22.38 2.72 2.31 0.47 1971 68.66 23.03 3.75 3.82 0.75 1976 68.12 22.84 4.30 4.10 0.64 1981 70.29 21.53 4.11 3.54 0.53 1986 63.60 27.72 4.71 3.54 0.43 1991 66.60 27.95 3.57 2.12 0.30 1996 70.00 25.20 2.87 1.67 0.26 80 60% 1982 69.68% 30.32% 90 1997 51. 23% 3-2-18 1998 104 5174 97.76% 726 78.2% 69078 30.36% 43.12% http://www.tier.org.tw/ 2000 6 204
3-2-18 1981-1997 % 1981 31.90 68.10 1982 30.32 69.68 1983 36.61 63.39 1984 40.76 59.24 1985 38.80 61.20 1986 33.61 66.39 1987 32.94 67.06 1988 40.00 60.00 1989 38.42 61.58 1990 42.69 57.31 1991 43.12 56.88 1992 44.08 55.92 1993 45.23 54.77 1994 47.44 52.56 1995 49.35 50.65 1996 50.25 49.75 1997 51.23 48.77 60 1977 9 3 2 526 l00 62.22 196.86 31.56% 6.51 20 3000 2.3 0.16% 20% 1998 321 1980 205
1974 5.7 175 136 1983 23.3 823 660 3-2-19 3 3.7 3.8 100 42 1983 100 40 3-2-19 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1974-1983 100 ( ) ( ) 111 106 106 100 100 100 100 100 96 96 784 678 651 645 713 284 300 313 308 330 () 7.1 6.4 6.5 6.5 7.4 2679 3002 3128 3076 3439 5.7 7.1 8.1 10.0 11.6 14.0 16.2 18.9 20.4 23.3 175 209 238 296 329 415 481 599 713 823 136 145 184 236 300 382 457 508 562 660 0.85 0.64 0.99 1.23 2.16 2.60 2.30 1.38 1.35 3.10 NIES 143 206
1998 100 46467 50% 1999 195 77.9% 60 60 80 90 80 1949-1978 30 1970 300 70 1978 2001 2000 4 12 207
4700 4672 5 12 1979 1981 9 1980 80 1985 7 4 1988 4 6 1990 1988 1979-l989 10 40 100 1980 1990 208
11 128 100 120 1980 8 1988 7 6 22 1 15% 15% 24% 10 2 5 40% 5 3 209
6 80 80 1982 12 1987 55.44 437 6 80 1 1984 49% 80 80 1980 22.1 1986 463.1 1987 767.5 1986 4 10% 1985 40.511 9 1986 35.5011987 29.111988 28.171 19874 19866-198711 117 1987 1987 210
1987714 1014 500 80 198511 2.80 1 1980 50%198675 3.70 1 1980 40% 1988 435 5.2 1989 539 3.45 1.5479 1990 1103 8.8997 2.224 19895 199011 1 67 3353 108 1999 1990 3 13 211
2 100 100 3 4 5 300 1500 80 90 20% 1987 534 559 622 33 38 37 1985 1989 3.1 33% 10% 90 100 1990 500 40 3-5 90 20 1992 100 1992 6430 55.4335 10.505 1993 1 99.6487 31.3859 199435 212
4 1993-1997 5 30 3-2-20 3-2-20 1989-1999 1989 539 5779 9.33 43169 559976 7.71 15479 339257 4.56 1990 1103 7273 15.17 88997 659611 13.49 22240 348711 6.38 1991 1735 12978 13.37 138852 1197682 11.59 46641 436634 10.68 1992 6430 48764 13.19 554335 5812351 9.54 105050 1100751 9.54 1993 10948 83437 13.12 996487 11143566 8.94 313859 2751495 11.41 1994 6247 47549 13.14 539488 8267977 6.53 339104 3376650 10.04 1995 4847 37011 13.10 584907 9128153 6.41 316155 3752053 8.43 1996 3184 24556 12.97 514098 7327642 7.02 347484 4172552 8.33 1997 3014 21001 14.35 281449 5100353 5.52 328969 4525704 7.27 1998 2970 19799 15.00 298168 5210205 5.72 291521 4546275 6.41 1999 2499 16918 14.77 337444 4122302 8.19 259870 4031871 6.45 1 30 40 70 2 3 http://www.moftec.gov.cn/table/wztj/2000_9-22-14.html 213
100 200 90 19969 5000 1998 29.1521 1999 25.987 1997 90 2002 2000 1999 2000 2001 69.1%73.6%74.7% 20 80 77.1% 2000 55.4% 22 20 21 http://www.xinhuanet.com 2002 3 11 214
Information technology Industry IT 10 20 90 IT 90 IT PC IT IC 2000 8 2001 215
21 1 10 GDP 100 21 20 80 21 20 1991 2001 24160 198.87 2001 50838 547.3 293.4 13.0%7.3%7.4% 10 100 2002 6 31 1991 2001 62351 959.87 1394.13 5 5 5 14136 1 230 310 2002 1 10 38.41 20% http://tga.moftec.gov.cn/article/200208/20020800035529_1.xml 31 100 2002 6 http://www.chinanews.com.cn/2002-11-26/26/247319.html 216
1999 1604 260 1344 1084 2000 305.3 1999 30.1% 50.4 255 204.6 3-2-211987 8% 2000 24% 3-2-21 1987-2000 % 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1996 1999 2000 2001 323.4 5.9% 50 0.8% 273.4 6.3% 2232.6 360.4 1872.2 1511.8 http://www.mac.gov.tw/big5/statistic/ass_em/9010c.gif 217
2002 400 446.7 38% 65.9 380.8 2002 2679.3 426.3 2253 1826.7 16.5% 13% 505 56% 96.8 408.2 311.4 2727.6 457.2 2280.4 1823.2 1306.4 1125.9 31.25% 1/4 2001 2000 54.8% 41.9% 10 3 1994 http://www.moftec.gov.cn/article/200209/20020900040220_1.xml 2003 2 10 2003 1 7 1 8 218
1953-2000 8.1% 7.7%5.6% 3.9%1953 50 188 3.76 2000 14188 1170 1/12 1997-1998 1998 4.57% -5.3%-5.8% 0.4% 20 90 90 6%5% 3-3-1 3-3-1 1971-2002 GNP GDP GNP % % % 1971 12.90 66 443 2.8 0.0 1976 13.86 185 1132 2.5 2.8 1981 6.16 480 2669 16.3 7.6 1986 11.64 773 3993 0.7-3.4 1991 7.55 1837 8982 3.6 0.2 1996 6.10 2836 13260 3.1-1.0 1997 6.68 2933 13592 0.9-0.5 2002 11 15 2002 219
1998 4.57 2692 12360 1.7 0.6 1999 5.42 2905 13235 0.2-4.6 2000 5.86 3139 14188 1.3 1.8 2001-2.18 2868 12876-0.0-1.3 2002 3.27 2878 12851-0.2-0.1 2000 3 18 2000 10.5% 9.9% 8.8% 7.94% 5 5.10%6.73% 3.82% 5.86% 1998 2001-2.18% 2002 3 20 80 GDP 1995 GDP 60% 1996-2000 5 GDP 61.09% 65.53% 6.12% 2001 1.04% 1993-2000 8 6000 2001 3793-29.2% 2000 2002 4 220
15.7% 44.9% -7.77% 9.54% 17.31% 22.88% 3-3-2 3-3-2 2001 1996-2000 2001 % % % 6.12 60,426 1.04 0.62 2.14 12,404-1.02-0.12 9.77 10,921-29.2-4.78 1.58 2,291 4.05 0.10-1.10 4,606-4.77-0.24 9.54 48,398-7.77-4.35 9.01 42,984-13.87-7.10 5.73 95,066-2.18-2.18 1%-2% 2000 2.99% 2001 4%4.57%2002 5.17% 50 70 200 1/10 2000 5 19 9000 2001 10 3 3446 2002 3 6000 12 4500-4800 1/2 13.2 6.2 7 115 30 8000 http://www.npf.org.tw 221
4300 1600 2002 6 1500 9 563 2153 10 1000 90 1999 1 2149 GNP 13.2% 2000 2 3575 9 8033 GNP 24.0% 9 6634 GDP 24.3% GNP 104.9% 35.2% 2001 2409 GNP 2.5% 2 7055 GNP 27.9%GDP 28.5%2002 2,940 GNP 29.4% 2 9016 GNP 29.1%GDP 29.8% 2003 2504 GNP 2.4% 3 1025 GNP 29.9%GDP 30.6% 2001-2003 2483 2002 4 9041 GNP 49.3% GDP 50.6% 8.5 2001 AA AA 2002 AA 1989 18 24 48 GDP 46 2002 10 17 http://www.npf.org.tw/publication/fm/091/fm-b-091-027.htm 222
20 1974 2921 1981 10467 3 10 1991 22048 2001 1.46% 38277 1991 73.6% 1981 2.66 3-3-3 80 3-3-3 1983-2002 () () 1983 5 700 72.73 11 136 5.17 1.37 7.64 1984 6 150 7.89 12 173 9.12-0.04-0.24 1985 6 150 0.00 12 697 4.47-0.15 2.28 1986 6 900 12.20 13 983 9.36 0.69 7.32 1987 6 900 0.00 15 356 9.24 0.52 6.70 1988 8 130 17.83 17 012 9.53 1.28 5.26 1989 8 820 8.49 19 461 9.58 4.42 9.09 1990 9 750 10.54 22 048 8.88 4.12 7.53 1991 11 040 13.23 24 469 6.94 3.63 9.51 1992 12 365 12.00 26 986 5.58 4.46 3.69 1993 13 350 7.96 28 869 3.83 2.94 3.30 1994 14 010 4.94 30 797 2.44 4.09 3.49 1995 14 880 6.21 32 545 1.78 3.68 7.36 1996 15 360 3.23 33 900 0.99 3.07 5.42 1997 15 840 3.13 35 456 3.99 0.90 6.96 1998 15 840 0.00 36 436 1.12 1.68 4.42 1999 15 840 0.00 37 686 3.13 0.18 7.05 2000 15 840 0.00 38 792 1.74 1.26 6.12 2001 15 840 0.00 38 277-1.46-0.01 4.01 2002 38 585-0.18-0.20 8.74 10 http://www.moea.gov.tw/~meco/stat/four/f-3.htm1994 1/2 223
1985-1995 10 1.65 2.9 1.58 90 21 3-3-4 3-3-4 1995-2001 1995 ( ) GDP) 1996 100 94.54 5.80 94.81 5.91 100.28 0.10 101.98-0.58 96.42 5.18 95.94 4.51 100.34 2.85 104.58-1.59 99.90-5.19 95.84-0.92 93.55 5.68 96.70 5.13 103.36-0.53 102.70-0.25 96.08 5.42 94.12 7.91 95.46 5.89 101.42-1.89 101.37-1.41 95.42 6.40 96.00 5.68 92.89 6.82 96.76 1.08 100.71 1.79 96.68 7.55 1996 100.00 5.78 100.00 5.47 100.00-0.28 100.00-1.94 100.00 3.71 100.00 4.23 100.00-0.34 100.00-4.38 100.00 0.10 100.00 4.34 100.00 6.89 100.00 3.41 100.00-3.25 100.00-2.63 100.00 4.08 100.00 6.25 100.00 4.76 100.00-1.40 100.00-1.35 100.00 4.80 100.00 4.17 100.00 7.65 100.00 3.35 100.00-0.71 100.00 3.43 1997 106.46 6.46 107.89 7.89 101.35 1.35 97.72-2.28 104.03 4.03 104.63 4.63 98.52-1.48 94.16-5.84 100.07 0.07 104.70 4.70 102.68 2.68 106.10 6.10 103.33 3.33 100.80 0.80 103.50 3.50 100.06 0.06 106.67 6.67 106.60 6.60 103.92 3.92 103.99 3.99 108.76 8.76 110.02 10.02 101.15 1.15 96.86-3.14 105.35 5.35 1998 111.52 4.75 112.96 4.70 101.29-0.06 97.01-0.73 108.19 4.00 102.88-1.67 92.03-6.59 89.45-5.00 101.24 1.17 104.16-0.52 GDP 224
106.84 4.05 109.01 2.74 102.03-1.26 101.61 0.80 108.56 4.89 103.69 3.63 110.24 3.35 106.31-0.27 105.35 1.38 109.25 5.06 114.10 4.91 117.67 6.95 103.12 1.95 97.01 0.15 110.70 5.08 1999 116.52 4.48 119.46 5.75 102.52 1.21 93.55-3.57 109.00 0.75 110.91 7.81 94.54 2.73 85.23-4.72 80.95-20.04 89.79-13.80 112.72 5.50 114.08 4.65 101.21-0.80 99.05-2.52 111.66 2.86 110.29 6.37 117.58 6.66 106.61 0.28 101.96-3.22 112.45 2.93 117.12 2.65 125.59 6.73 107.24 4.00 97.52 0.53 114.21 3.17 2000 122.25 4.92 126.75 6.10 103.68 1.13 91.22-2.49 111.52 2.31 118.09 6.47 95.63 1.15 80.98-4.99 76.23-5.83 90.02 0.26 117.46 4.21 120.60 5.72 102.67 1.44 97.42-1.65 114.43 2.48 116.21 5.37 126.18 7.31 108.58 1.85 99.81-2.11 115.98 3.14 122.59 4.67 133.96 6.66 109.28 1.90 95.84-1.72 117.49 2.87 2001 126.79 3.71 124.15-2.05 97.92-5.56 92.29 1.17 117.02 4.94 124.25 5.22 95.08-0.58 76.52-5.51 74.38-2.43 92.42 2.66 123.11 4.81 113.33-6.03 92.06-10.33 97.80 0.39 120.39 5.20 120.69 3.86 118.54-6.05 98.23-9.53 102.34 2.53 123.51 6.49 125.69 2.53 134.99 0.77 107.39-1.73 97.73 1.97 122.85 4.57 1997-1998 2001 1995 1998-1999 2001 2001 GDP 2.05% 5.56% 1983 3.71% GDP 6.03% 10.33% 4.81% 5.53 8 3.31 2.42 2.09 10 0.73 36000 4400 225
910 GDP96% 2.5% 4% 1985-1989 3.1 1988-1993 2.74 22.31% 80 1/3 1 1/10 90 21 2000 15276 1996-2000 70 2000 78.5 940 2002 667 80 1/40 20 20 50 60 1963 50 5% 13% GHP 30% 1986 1987 38.46%38.52% 90 1990 29.33% 2001 24.88% GHP 70 25%-33% 80-90 20% 2001-2002 17% 40 24% 80 10-11 1998 2000 12 27 2000 4 25 1=3.306 2002 12 226
1986-1994 10%24% 10% 10% 50% 1988 61.7%90 1991 48.1% 90 2000 22673.28 1996 1/3 2001 29.17% 1995 2002 2003 3-3-5 3-3-5 1993-2003 100 / % 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 1489590 1588779 1750642 1727366 1895357 2103919 2124744 2267328 1781752 1720493 1776908 15.60 6.66 10.19-1.33 9.73 11.00 0.99 6.71-21.42-3.44 3.28 18.09 13.21 3.21-0.31 0.48 0.09 3.64-4.66-4.77-10.07-3.95-8.38-11.94-0.44-2.04-4.30 4.41 13.28-3.47 4.05 2.99-4.18 16.71 10.27 11.37 3.44 18.56 11.80-0.68 15.74-29.17-0.34 6.51 80 90 2002 1 1 2002-2003 2002 3 2003 1996 227
1994-2001 83 76%63 1995-1997 69%57 3-3-6 45 54% 3-3-6 1994-2001 % 6 6 24 36 43.4 2 6 13 21 25.3 2 3 22 27 32.5 1 7 10 18 21.7 2 1 9 12 14.5 9 17 57 83 2002 2 8.28% 1 3102 10.83%GDP 14% 18.19% 1990 http://tsa.sinica.edu.tw/paper/2002-a16.doc (1) (2) / http://www.npf.org.tw/publication/fm/091/fm-c-091-276.htm 228
90 1995 1986 2.08 1.7 1999 40.4% 20.8% 1986 35.6% 33.9% 1986 24.0% 45.3% 40% 2000 4.6 1991 1.8 1.6 10 6.2% 1994 50% 2000 828 1991 2 10 13% 55.8% 3-3-7 1982-2002 1996 ( ) ( ) () () 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 368.10 411.23 484.85 478.27 573.49 765.59 945.96 1 102.77 1 100.35 1 237.86 1 345.68 1 375.35 1 518.82 1 805.03 1 793.07 1 882.94 56.54 58.40 59.53 59.49 60.24 61.41 64.30 64.89 65.78 66.79 67.52 69.17 70.51 73.26 74.02 76.47 107.80 125.30 159.80 163.50 214.80 301.80 365.40 401.40 402.80 457.40 497.50 484.90 521.20 750.60 798.60 878.10 49.8 51.2 53.6 54.3 54.9 57.2 61.3 62.5 64.3 64.8 68.2 69.2 69.7 69.9 71.3 73.6 10 363.71 11 145.64 11 546.52 11 487.50 13 462.71 17 546.93 20 196.46 23 444.90 24 393.46 26 602.25 29 364.48 28 804.87 28 326.94 32 056.77 33 006.84 33 267.31 2002 10 2003 1 9 http://www.moea.gov.tw/~meco/stat/four/index104.htm 1995 229
1998 1 682.12 77.56 804.70 74.0 29 419.51 1999 1 833.52 79.35 909.00 76.1 32 317.61 2000 2 203.70 81.70 1 153.60 79.0 35 104.28 2001 1 787.49 81.43 949.53 78.6 31 937.41 2002 1 597.54 82.99 673.41 80.6 25 181.02 (1-10 ) (1-10 ) (1-8 ) (1-8 ) (1-9 ) 2000 939 200 247 301 8673 2001 2045 400 534 557 1958 1995-1999 3 2000 4 3 IC 20 90 21 2001 United Nations Development Programme, UNDP Technology Achievement Index, TAI TAI 1 Creation of technology / / 2 Diffusion of recent innovations / 3 Diffusion of old innovations 230
/ / 4 Human skills 15 2001 Human Development Report 3-3-8 3-3-8 TAI 0.744 0.733 0.698 0.677 0.666 0.585 0.299 1 2 4 5 6 11 46 / 187 289 994 749 779 8 19989 4 1 3 2 29 35 / 125.6 130.0 64.6 11.1 9.8 25.5 0.1 19995 4 8 19 20 14 44 /200.2 179.1 49.0 60.6 4.8 72.3 0.1 20001 3 14 11 38 10 60 % 50.7 66.2 80.8 66.5 66.7 74.9 39.0 199919 7 1 5 4 2 29 /1203 993 1007 1243 938 901 120 19995 9 8 3 13 16 52 /14129 11832 7322 6471 4497 6771 746 1 19983 5 8 11 22 10 53 15 10.0 12.0 9.5 10.2 10.8 7.1 6.4 200010 1 13 8 7 38 43 % 27.4 13.9 10.0 19.3 23.2 24.2 3.2 1995-1997 12 27 5 4 3 57 2001 2 5 231
5 73 46 2001 growth competitiveness 75 24 22 30 45 66 15 27 22 GNP 37 63 59 4 10 2001 7 4 6 1993 9%1999 4% 25 1999 2.75 2.34 0.73 90 21 50 GDP 1996 1.8% 2000 WEF 2002 2 25 http://www.npf.org.tw/publication/te/091/te-b-091-008.htm 232
2.05% 1999 2.64%3.04%2.44%2.46% 1999 96 951 185 2000 2653 504 5.5 10 65.9 25.5 1997 110.4 2003-2005 16000 5 2002 2008 5 30 10 IBM 9 Intel IBM 10 21 2003.Net 20 90 2001 2002 3.3% 109% 505 31% http://www.npf.org.tw/publication/te/092/te-r-092-001.htm 2002 12 17 233
8.7% 1.7 2003 1 GDP 3.38% 1986 2000 1997 GE 1999 5 2000 2000 5 32% 2003 2000 9 80% 16% 10 2003 http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/dgbas03/bs5/article/econ92.doc 234
10 27 2001 2 14 100 35 5 24 2001 5 21 285 27 180 47% 1300 10% 90% 20000 2001 36 2002 8 11 17 5 12 36 2001 5 11 235
1993 218 1998 683 1999 2000 1000 1999 2059 33000 17 3 7 300 2002 9 10 http://forums.chinatimes.com.tw/report/kmt/structure.htm 236
2003 1 22 2000 7 719 2002 330 60 500 2001-2004 2001-2011 5.6% 1.3%2001-2004 6.0% 1.5% 2001-2.18% 4.57% 2002 3.27% 5.17% 2003 3.38% 2001-2004 6.0% 2001 8100 8100 2002 2008 2 6000 2500 2000-2004 4 2 4478 50 2.4 2000 5 2002 3 8000 6800 2003 01 23 700 2003 1 23 237
2003 700 35-65 75000 22000 75000 50-70 63% 51% 57% 2002 1000 CEO 73.81% CEO 1990 21.9%2002 64.6% 46.5% 2002 19.7% 2000 15.2% 15.8%20 90 46.2% 1000 CEO 55% CEO 31% 10.6% 2003 22% CEO 54.6% 2001 2002 http://www.ettoday.com/2003/01/23/1018-1404389.htm 3/4 CEO 2002 12 13 238
1987 1999 11 1996 2000 5 2001 11 6000 8000 20% 20%40% 20% 40% 5000 2000 2000 OBU 239
20027 100-500 2500 12 9331 61.239 20031 100 200 3-3-9 1992 4-5 2001 2002 311 153 38 10 180 106 2003 1 19 240
3-3-9 : (%) (%) (%) 1991 3541.2 26.59 6367.6 47.81 10483.8 78.72 13317.8 1992 5169.0 54.62 9428.6 99.63 13633.6 143.80 9463.5 1993 6481.9 80.72 12889.5 160.51 16723.8 208.26 8030.3 1994 7224.9 93.83 14163.8 183.96 19729.4 256.24 7699.6 1995 8308.6 102.46 16342.4 201.54 24263.0 299.22 8108.8 1996 8135.2 59.94 17667.5 130.18 25083.0 184.81 13572.0 1997 7971.3 104.12 18539.9 242.68 26691.9 348.64 7656.0 1998 6709.2 113.39 15730.4 265.85 22867.3 386.47 5917.0 1999 6546.8 59.84 16790.2 153.48 23919.8 218.65 10939.8 2000 7612.6 91.61 18806.3 226.31 29149.6 350.78 8309.9 2001 7118.2 45.46 16043.5 102.46 25122.2 160.44 15658.7 GDP 20 90 1972 2002 8 241
6 15% 1993 6 35% 6 50% 60% 2000 6 1972 6 20% 2000 40% 6 1.2 1.3 2002 IBM DELL UPS Marsh 4 900 2002 700 350 500 700 300 2% 7 200 800-1000 7 10 9 7 50 300 500 15%-42% GDP 0.36% 0.58% GDP 0.6% 0.08% 1000 10 32 1050 4000 2003 1 21 2002 11 25 242