, John P. Davies John S. Service

91 12 107 144 * George C. Marshall *

108 1 2 3 1,200 557 259 4 5 1 388 623-4 2 128 229-300 386 3 418 17-9 332 4 62-3 73-85 317-9 5 John P. Davies John S. Service

91 12 109 6 7 Patrick J. Hurley 8 140-2 264-290 Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers (Washington U. S. Government Printing Office, 1969), 1942 China, pp.99-102., 1943 China, pp.197-9, 258-266, 397-399.; 1944 Vol., pp.307-8, 777-781. U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary, The Amerasis Papers: A Clue to the Catastrophe of China (Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1970), pp.575-591. 6 286-7 7 373-406 502-5 8 702-10 217-316 267-73 57-106

110 9 10 11 12 243-307 1-98 407-414 9 1945 8 12 197-212 384-408 10 1105-7 147-8 11 9-19 1945 8 12 212-224 1920 1960 520-539 12 153-4 171-3

91 12 111 13 Harry S. Truman George C. Marshall 14 15 16 17 13 1-12 340 1898 1949 624-7 14 1898 1949 624-5 15 16 892 The China White Paper August 1949 (CA: Standford University Press, 1967), vol. II, p.136. 17

112 18 19 FRUS 1945, vol. VII, pp. 722-6, 745-769. 140 143 Tang Tsou, America s Failure in China, 1941-50 (The University of Chicago Press, 1963), vol. II, pp.350-6. 18 111-124 The China White Paper, vol. II, pp. 607-9. 48-50 168-180 19 333

91 12 113 20 21 22 23 24 20 1945 8 12 217-220 287-292 297 21 1898 1949 630-1 FRUS 1945 vol. VII, p.793. 22 FRUS 1945 vol.vii, pp.794-824. Marshall s Mission to China,December 1945-January 1947: The Report and Appended Documents (University Publications of American, Inc., 1976), vol. I, pp.6-8. 197-200 23 909-910 24 1898 1949 632-3 134 263-5 1493-1509

114 25 26 Walter S. Robertson 27 25 2213 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.36. 26 1898-1949 634-7 135 Foreign Relations of the United States,1946 vol.,the Far East: China (Washington :United States Government Printing Office, 1972), pp.10, 25-6. 27 FRUS 1946, vol. IX, pp.43-129.

91 12 115 泝 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.13-7. 8 123-4 69-70

116

91 12 117 28 Charter for the Interim Government of the Republic of China 20 9 6 1 1 30% 20% 14 16 28 125-211 59-276 1510-21

118 29 30 29 FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp.139-141. 92-99 24-5 255-6 206-8 1937 1947 280-2 29 46-9 92-4 30 5-6 212-228

91 12 119 1,200 150 700 230 200 100 100 70 10 2,050 31 460 240 700 230 200 100 70 100 10 220 190 120 100 70 32 2,050 46 33 31 239 32 359-360 374-6 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.29-31. 33 1898 1949 651-5

120 25 5 10 34 35 34 239-243 35 379-380 119-123

91 12 121 36 泝 沴 沊 37 36 142-159 733 263 37 96-98 1898 1949 651-5 1937 1947 282-4 645-663 497 518-536 381-3

122 40 3 3 5 7 8 38 38 229-231

91 12 123 3 5 20 14 John Leighton Stuart 39 39 360-4

124 40 3 90 50 60 40 165-176 231-7

91 12 125 41 14,000 90 18 50 10 60 90 18 6 1 11 7 4 10 9 1 42 124 354 31 15 400 89 240 2 13 380 90 27 66 27 31 87 31 16 45 26 70 41 238-9 42 75-85 45 FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp.211-302.

126 2 43 44 45 43 FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp.329-331, 337.; vol. X, pp.418-21. 44 2-3 121-2 150-3 45 127-155 Marshall s Mission to China, vol. I, p.69-71.

91 12 127 The Yalta Agreement 46 47 1945 8 12 221-4 648-9 657 55-6 46 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.49. 59-60 75-77 649-733 242-50 453-4 78-9 47 86-91 68 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.50-2. FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp. 510, 535, 542-553.

128 48 2,050 49 50 51 Alvan C. Gillem 52 48 1-12 49 70 50 97 51 647-653 52 FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp. 590-1. 81

91 12 129 53 54 100 53 1706-9 296-8 311-9 Marshall s Mission to China,vol. I, p.53-5, 95-100. 143-51 235-45 54 Westad 167-9 179-80 220-6 79-84 709-29 1937 1947 286 1528-42 215-31 Westad,Odd Arne. Cold War and Revolution,Sovert-American Rivalry and the Origins of the

130 55 56 57 Chinese Civil War, 1944-1946 (NY:Columbia University Press,1993), pp. 161-4,175. FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp. 554, 566-583, 590-605. 55 159 56 665-71 57 94-6 267

91 12 131 58 ( ) 59 60 61 20 58 163-171 1898 1949 655 100-1 59 655 60 1898 1949 657-8 107-111 61 111-2

132 62. 63 64 62 177 171-4 63 178-182 64 112-8 113-120

91 12 133 65 66 65 46-9 153-166 66 50 506-14

134 67 548-9 67 53-7 1937 1947 426-35 181-92 Shaw, Yu-ming. An American Missionary in China: John Leighton Stuart and Chinese-American Relations (MA: Harvard University Press, 1992), pp.166-9.

91 12 135 68 69 70 68 CC 263 284-8 307 72-3 83-4 92-3 240 105 69 The Prospects of U.S. Policy Toward China: Analysis on the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of Marshall s Mediation Mission (Taipei: Tamkang University, 1998), pp.158, 164, 181, 201. 70 FRUS 1946 vol. IX, pp.329-331, 337.; vol. X, pp.418-21. 86 93-4

136 71 72 71 294 Joseph W. Stilwell Suzanne Pepper, The KMT-CCP conflict 1945-1949 in John K. Fairbank and Albert Feuerwerker ed., The Cambridge History of China, (UK: Cambridge University Press, 1986), vol. 13, p.737. The Prospects of U.S. Policy Toward China: Analysis on the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of Marshall s Mediation Mission, pp.143-202. Wedemeyer, Albert C., Wedemeyer Reports! (NY: Henry Holt Co., 1958), pp.362-9. 109 156 566 Leonard Mosley 儁 189-94 1937 1947 436-8 72 85 200 9,000 462 FRUS 1946 vol. X, pp.91-2, 756-7. 543-7

91 12 137 73 74 75 76 73 552-3 74 95-7 75 264 269-70 281 292 297 301-3 309 629-30 633-4 650 657 669 701 76 62-6 72-3 1898 1949 642-3 652

138 14 14 77 78 209-214 1522-6 77 78 335-43

91 12 139 79 2001 1945 8 12 1, 1 197-212 1986 384-408 1982 243-307 1998 The Prospects of U.S. Policy Toward China: Analysis on the Occasion of the 50th Anniversary of Marshall s Mediation Mission (pp.143-202). Taipei: Tamkang University. Pepper, Suzanne.1986. The KMT-CCP conflict 1945-1949. In John K. Fairbank and Albert Feuerwerker (Ed.), The Cambridge History of China (vol. 13, pp.720-737). UK: Cambridge University Press. 1990 1967 1991 1989 178-86 79 105 犴 266

140 1987 1992 1989 1898 1949 1985 1985 1978 1979 1972 1962 1971 1954 1993 1992 1989 1980 1995 1982 1989 1971 1982 1994 1978 Leonard Mosley 1987 1984 1946 1994 1978 1998 1965

91 12 141 1992 1997 1920 1960 1960 1992 1937 1947 Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers. 1969. 1942 China, 1943 China, 1944 Vol.VI.Washington U. S. Government Printing Office. Foreign Relations of the United States, Diplomatic Papers. 1972. 1946 Vol. IX, The Far East: China. Washington :United States Government Printing Office. Marshall s Mission to China,December 1945-January 1947: The Report and Appended Documents, vol. I. 1976.University Publications of American, Inc. Shaw, Yu-ming. 1992. An American Missionary in China: John Leighton Stuart and Chinese-American Relations. MA: Harvard University Press. The China White Paper August 1949, vol. II. 1967. CA: Standford University Press. Tsou, Tang. 1963. America s Failure in China, 1941-50, vol. II. The University of Chicago Press. U.S. Senate, Committee on the Judiciary. 1970.The Amerasis Papers: A Clue to the Catastrophe of China. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. Wedemeyer, Albert C., 1958. Wedemeyer Reports! NY: Henry Holt Co. Westad,Odd Arne. 1993. Cold War and Revolution,Sovert-American Rivalry and the Origins of the Chinese Civil War, 1944-1946. NY: Columbia University Press.

142 The KMT-CCP s Contentions on the Core of the Democratization of the Nationalist Government in Spring of 1946 (January to April) Kuo-cheng Lee * Abstract In the third round negotiation between Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during Sino-Japanese War in June 1944, CCP asked to organize a Coalition Government that would include CCP and other opposition parties of China in the People's Political Council on September 15, 1944. This symbolized the beginning of the CCP's political offensive on the democratization of the Nationalist Government to KMT during World War II and the postwar period. Influenced by General George C. Marshall's mediation mission to China and for releasing CCP s pressure, KMT agreed to form a coalition government before the establishment of the Constitution of the Republic of China in the Political Consultative Conference (PCC) in January 1946. It was also decided in the conference to convene the National Assembly to adopt the Constitution on May 5 of the same year. From February to April of 1946, KMT-CCP had at least the following contentions that obstructed the convention of the National Assembly on May 5,1946: *Associate Professor, Graduate Institute of National Development, National Taiwan University.

91 12 143 CCP hoped to form a veto power by controlling at least 14 seats in Non-Kuomintang councilors of the State Council of the National Government. KMT wasn't able to accept it. KMT wanted to revise the principles approved by the PCC and use it as the basis for modifying the 1936 Draft Constitution. However, CCP did not compromise. KMT desired to increase the number of the delegates of the National Assembly approved by the PCC. CCP rejected it. CCP wanted KMT to promise the legal status of her troops and the local regime in Manchuria. These were also refused by KMT. For the above reasons, Chou En-Lai, the CCP's representative in Nanking, announced on April 11, 1946 that CCP wouldn't participate in the National Assembly on May 5, unless these political and military contentions could be completely resolved by KMT. But these disputes were not resolved in this period. Just upon General Marshall s return to China from US on April 18, 1946, KMT had no determination to break off with CCP and eventually declared to adjourn the convention of the National Assembly in the following week. After KMT summoned the National Assembly meeting in spite of CCP s opposition on November 15, 1946, the KMT-CCP relationship ruptured immediately. That also signified the end of General Marshall's mission to China in 1946. Key words: Coalition Government, Political Consultative Conference, National Assembly, the Constitution of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Tse-tung, Chou En-lai, George C. Marshall

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