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30 Modern Chinese History Studies No. 1, 2002 Scientifically Promoting the Study of the 1911 Revolution : Commemorating the 90th Anniversary of the 1911 Revolution L i Tieyi ng (1) A Variation on War and Peace : The Evolution of China s Political Situation from the Chongqing Negotiations to the Political Consultative Conference W ang Chaoguang (14) The evolution of China s political situation from the Chongqing negotiations to the political consultative conference reflects China s most important postwar question : war or peace. This was the subject about which the Chinese people were concerned, and the focus of disputes among the various political forces. Al2 though the Chinese Communist Party and the Guomindang signed the October 10th Agreement after the Chongqing negotiations, they did not solve the two fundamental problems of military forces and territorial control. Thus full2scale armed conflict still broke out as a result of their struggle over power. Afterwards, the two parties ceased fire and held a political consultative conference to discuss the problems of China after the war. They did this partly because of a military stalemate, but more importantly because of changes in the international situation. However, the cease2fire had no real internal motivation. This armistice under foreign pressure was difficult to maintain, and in the end the two parties returned to war. A few temporary compromises were no more thandetourswhich could not hinder the two parties in their determination to carry out their fundamental policies. Under such circumstances, war was the main theme of the variation on war and peace, and peace no more than an interlude. A Case St udy of Cooperation between Anarchist s and Bolsheviks (AB Cooperation) in China : The Trut h Societ y and ot her Problems L i Danyang (43) The Truth Society, now fallen almost into oblivion, was active for some time on the eve of the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party. Prelimi2 nary research on its membership, main activities, and organizations related to it shows Russian Bolsheviks (B) taking initiative to contact, link with, and cooper2 ate with Chinese anarchists (A) and their organizations, and endeavoring to en2 courage the latter to turn to Bolshevik. How could A and B cooperate? Besides sharing the same ultimate goals and struggling against the same immediate oppo2 nents, the main motivation was Soviet Russia and the Communist International s 1

2002 1, AB,,AB,, ( ), () ,,,,:,,, ;,, ;,,,, A. Dirlik, The Origins of Chinese Com m unism (Oxford University Press,1989), p. 3., ,

2002 1, AB,,AB,, ( ), () ,,,,:,,, ;,, ;,,,, A. Dirlik, The Origins of Chinese Com m unism (Oxford University Press,1989), p. 3., , AB () () (B) (A), AB,,( ) AB, AB () AB, (anarchists) (Bolsheviks),,,,AB?,,, 43 2002 1, AB,,AB,, ( ), () 1919 4,,,,:,,, ;,, ;,,,, A. Dirlik, The Origins of Chinese Com m unism (Oxford University Press,1989),