90 12 171190 * 225 150 660 1,500 9,000 89 1 * 1 290 142 108
172 225 225 250 225 300 5 300 100 1 773 760 7624 130 120 250 90.9.29
90 12 173 2 20 10 1 100 20 1 161 164 164 225 168 1 4 8 41 164 225 200 250 225 2 Lane and Ersson, 2000, 159 OECD 2 200 200 230 225 250
174 Taagepera and Shugart, 1989; Lane and Ersson, 2000, 160 * 300 34.2 166 16.5 203 23.1 307 20.3 205 29.4 237 24.4 Lane and Ersson, 2000, 160. * 1,500 22 4 200 Coakley and Laver, 1997 4,700 2,400 1 Coakley and Laver, 1997 12 60%Russell, 2000, 25 3 3 Burkina The Faso
90 12 175 80 150 Coakley and Laver (1997) 58 Bosnia-Herzegovina 15 58 26% 41 71% Russell, 2000, 33 59,450 670 195,283 1,000 27,463 100 935,744 245 The Statesman s Yearbook, 2001 Statesman s Yearbook, 2001
176 900 299 981 386 1,060 300 500 150 1,884 148 76 500 1,500 25 1,026 150 71 1,500 9,000 10 3,873 460 8.42 299 15 9,000 400 500 660 659 669 435 660 300 500 1,500 150 1,500 9,000 10 150 660 1500 9000 10 2,300 161164 225 225
90 12 177 Rein Taagepera Matthew Soberg Shugart (1989) active population S = (2P) 1/ 3 S P 5,945 659 2 7 435 1 2 480 2,300 281 225 90111 Taagepera Shugart 150 45 150 OECD 500 The Statesman s Yearbook, 2001
178 OECD 28 42 21 0.67 43 60 0.72 371 166 60 2.23 380 120 3.17 446 124 41 3.60 518 200 2.59 533 179 2.98 741 200 46 3.71 808 183 64* 4.42 890 349 2.55 979 230 4.26 981 386 2.54 1,019 200 81 5.10 1,026 150 71* 6.84 1,060 300 3.53 1,587 150 75 10.58 1,884 148 76 12.73 2,300 225 10.22 3,068 301 104 10.19 3,873 460 100 8.42 3,980 350 (300-400) 257* 11.37 4,688 299 15.68 5,746 630 315 9.12 5,906 577 321 10.24 5,945 659 670* 9.02 6,573 550 11.95 8,269 669* 69 12.36 9,888 500 128 19.78 12,713 480 252 26.49 27,463 435 100 64.37 *
90 12 179 The Statesman s Yearbook, 2001
180 OECD 660 500 1500 9000 150 permanent committee select committee Ad hoc committee the of the whole house Parliaments of the World 1 52 40 11
90 12 181 0 0 2 15 4 23 610 6 18 1115 6 16 1620 6 14 2125 3 3 25 2 7 27 83 Parliaments of the World (2nd ed.), 1986, p. 626. 3 0 6 52 10 17.6 13 10 (371) (533) (1884) (5906) 1115 1620 2125 (446) (518) (741) (981) (1026) (3980) (4688) (5746) (43) (380) (890) (979) (1060) (3068) (3873) (8269) (12713) (808) (28000) 25 (1587) (5945) (9888)
182 10 1020 Norton, 1990, 145; Laundy, 1989, 96-116; IPO, 1986, 628 6 10 50 12 10 10 17.6 Inter-Parliamentary Union 17 13 IPO, 1986, 629 10 17.6 10 50 Laundy, 1989, 97-115 14 4 150 150 1015 1015 4 14
90 12 183 164 225 90151-163 2 13 5% 5 6 5 6 13 3.75%
184 7 8 9 7 8 9 79
90 12 185 12 19
186 67 113 12 23 1 2 90 23 150 10 113 17 6 5 6 7 8 90 9 9 4 10 79 90 10 150
90 12 187 500 150 150 1,500 9,000 10 150 250 150 660 225 150 113
188 Copeland, Gary W. and Samuel C. Patterson, eds. 1994. Parliaments in the Modern World: Changing Institutions. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. Inter-Parliamentary Union(IPO). 1986. Parliaments of the World: A Comparative Reference Compendium, 2nd ed. Volume I. New York, NY: Facts on File Publications. Lane,Jan-Erik and Svante Ersson. 2000. The New Constitutional Politics: Performance and Outcome. London : Routledge Laundy, Philip. 1989. Parliaments in the Modern World. Aldershot: Dartmouth. Norton, Philip, ed. 1990. Parliaments in Western Europe. Portland, Oregon: Frank Cass. Shugart, Matthew Soberg and John M. Carey. 1992. Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Taagepera, Rein and Matthew Soberg Shugart. 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. New Haven: Yale University Press. Turner, Barry, ed. 2001. The Statesman s Yearbook. New York, NY: St. Martin s Press. Rusell, Meg. 2000. Reforming the House of Lords Lessons from Overseas. London: Oxford University Press. Coakley, J. and Laver, M. 1997. Options for the Future of Seanad Éireann, in
90 12 189 The All-Party Oireachtas Committee on the Constitution, Second Progress Report: Seanad Éireann. Dublin: Government of Ireland.
190 Cutting the Parliamentary Size in Half? A View from the OECD Experience Thomas Ching-peng Peng * Abstract Cutting the size of the Legislative Yuan in half was an appealing platform during Taiwan s 2001 parliamentary election. The slogan strongly reflected the public s aversion to disorder in the parliament and the parliament s increased size (to 225) after a 1997 constitutional amendment. This paper, based on a review of OECD experiences, maintains that for a country that has more than five million people there are upper and lower limits to the size of the parliament. The reasons behind the various models of parliamentary size are discussed. It is then argued that the size of the Legislative Yuan should not be blamed for the inefficiency of the body. Rather, the electoral system of the single nontransferable vote (SNTV) is the cause of the undesirable legislative composition and the disputed legislative performance. Before any drastic reduction in the size of the Legislative Yuan is made, the potential negative impact of such a move on the adequate functioning of the parliamentary committee system needs to be considered. key words: parliament, Legislative Yuan, OECD, SNTV, parliamentary size * Associate Research Fellow, Institute of European and American Studies, Academia Sinica; Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, National Taiwan University
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