3? ( ),,,,,,,, : (1) a.,? b.!? c.,? (2) a., :? b. :? c.? (3) a.?? b.,,, c.,! /,, X Y VP, VP (2003: 316),,,, ( 1) (2) (3),, (1944: 290) : :, 3,,,, 2006 (06JA740001) 191
23 2009 2 ;, : (2 ) a.? = ( ) b.? = ( ) c.? = ( ),, : (3 ) a.? ( ) b. ( ) c. ( )???, (1992: 14), / / 579,, : Y VP ( ) Y VP / ( ) Y VP,,,, (4) ;,,, (5) : (4),,!, ( ),! (5),! 3, ( )!, 337 : 16, 30, 53, 230, 8, : Q, Q, Q (, 1997: 112) : Q, Q P (p rerequisition), Q P Q P Q P : P Q, P Q, P, Q : P, :, P, P, Q, Q, Q, Q Q, Q P P, P Q : P Q, P Q P, ; : 192
(, 1997: 21) :, ;, (, 1999: 9) P, Q, (6),,, :?? : Q,, : Q P:, ;,,, : P Q :, ;, :, P :? :,,,, (7),? :,, : Q / /, Q : Q P:, / / / /, P : P Q :, / / ;, : P :? :,, ;, / /,, (2a)? : : Q ( ) Q : Q P:,, P : P Q :, ;, : P :? :,,,,,,,,, 193
23 2009 2 (3a) : : Q Q : Q P : ( ), ;, Q : P :? :,,,,,,,, Q, Q,?,,, :, ; Q P ;,,, : X, X Y VP (1a) :,,,, Y VP,,, : (1 ) a.,?, X, X Y VP, :, : (3 ) a. 3?? b. 3,,, c. 3,!,, : X Y VP, Y VP, Y VP, Q Y VP, Y VP, Y VP Q : (8),,,? ( ),, Q, (3a - c) Q : 194
; ; Q,, Y VP (2a),,,,,, Y VP (3a),,, Q,, Q,,,,, :,, :,,, 30,, : (9)? (10)? (11)?,, : (12),, (13),! (14)? Q ;,,,, : ( ), Y VP : (15) :,?,? :? (16) ;, ;, (17),,,? ( ) : (18)? (19),! (20),,, ( ), Y VP : (21)? (22)! (23),, ( ) Y VP, Y VP : 195
23 2009 2 (24),,? (25) :,? (26),, ( ) : (27),? (28),,,,? (29),,,?,, (15) (17), 4. 1 (2003: 316),, : ( ), : X, Y VP?, : X, Y VP?,?,,, ( ), : (30),? (31)? (32),,?,,,,,, : (3 ) a. 3? b. 3 c. 3,! ( ),,, : (33) / / / /?,, : (34),, / / /3 /3 /3 /3! 196
( ), Y VP, Y VP : (35) 3 3 3, :, ;,,,,,? 4. 2 (2003: 318-321),,, X Y VP X Y,,,, ;,,, 3,, ;, ;, 230, : 65 28. 26% 28 12. 17% 125 54. 35% 12 5. 22% 190, 65, 34. 21%, 125, 65. 79% : (36),,,! (37),! (38),,!, X Y VP,, : (36 ) 3 (37 ) 3 (38 ) 3 28 : (39) (40),, (41),, 197
23 2009 2 (39 ) 3 (40 ) 3 (41 ) 3,, : 93, 40. 43%,, 54. 35%, X Y VP,,,,,, : (42) a., b., c. 3 d. 3,,,,, : (43) (44),,,! (45), (46)?,,! (47),,! (43), ( 44) ( 45 ), (46) (47),, X Y VP, : (48) (49) (50), Y VP, VP (48),,,, ( ), :,, ( ) : X Y VP (48) a1. a2.,? b1. b2. 3,? 198
c1. 3 c2.,? (49) a1. a2.?! b1. b2. 3?! c1. 3 c2.?! (50) a1. a2.,,! b1. b2. 3,,! c1. 3 c2.,,!, Y VP,, 4. 3, X Y VP, Y VP ; X Y VP, Y VP?, ;?,,?,, ;,,, : ( ),,,,,,,, ;,, : (51) a.? b.?,, ( ),, AC ( adverse condition) AC, AC (51b) : (52),! : AC, Y VP, : AC, AC ( Q), AC ( Q ), Y VP?, Y VP, 199
23 2009 2 : A. ; B. [ + ] X Y VP, X Y, X, Y VP X, Y VP, X,, X Y,, Y VP, [ + ] :, Y VP, ;, Y VP, [ + ], X Y, A,,,, X Y, A,, : (53)? (54),! (55),? A, B,, ( 21) (23) ; [ + ], : (56),,,! (57),?,, ;,, : 1) AC ; 2),,,, : (58),,,,! (59),,,?, : (60),,, :, ;,, ( ) Y VP ( ) Y VP, Y VP ;,, 200
:, ;,,, Y VP Y VP ; Y VP Y VP, Y VP,,, :, Y VP (1992), 5 (1997), 2 (1997), 2 (1944), : (2003), 4 (1999), 1 A Study of Sh i R n Question s in Ch inese HU Dem ing Abstract Unlike general rhetorical questions, Sh i r n w xi o ne? (?) could not be interp reted as nobody lets me be young, but rather gives the exp lanation of cause, imp lying comp laining and having no alternative. In the light of the generative mechanism of rhetorical questions and the theory of conversational imp licature, this paper m akes an analysis of the origin of the cause2exp lanation meaning, arguing that this kind of rhetorical question is always used in the context with unfavorable condition and that its main verb de2controlling exemp ts sh i ( ) from responsibility, so the object clause takes cause for the unfavorable condition. Key words rhetorical questions, sh i r n questions, 1963,,,,, 1 ( ), 20 ( : 241000 6-2 - 502) 201