0 * : 王 爱 云 949 978 ; ; ; D3;K7 A 003-385(0)--0038- FromtheUrbantotheRural:EmploymentChoiceundertheMulti-dimensionalProspect AnAnalysisontheUrbanLabors TransfertotheRuralinthe FirstThreeDecadesofNewChina WangAiyun Abstract:In949 978therecontinuouslyexistedaphenomenonthatalargenumberofurbanpopulations transferredtotheruralandfoundemploymentsduringchina sindustrializationprocess.thereasonwascom- parativelycomplicated.thecpc stheoreticalunderstandingstoalpeople sfulemploymentstherestrictions onchina seconomicstructureandurbanfoodsupplycapacitytotheurbanemploymentstherealneedsof strengtheningtheagriculturalandruralconstructionsandsoonalcontributedtotheoccurrenceofthatphenom- enon.thisexplorationtosuchemploymentssolvedtheproblemsfacedbytheurbanandtheruraltimelyand becameareasonablechoicetofacethecrisis;butinthelongruntheefectachievedbythisapproach was greatlydivergentfromthecentralgovernment sexpectationandprovidedprofoundlessonstocontinuetoex- plorechina semploymentroadfromtheurbantotherural. 949 978 * (0&ZD077) : (949 978) 006 3 : 949 978 0 4 38
949 978 5 : ; 955 956 3 86 6 949 978 957 : : ()50 7 957 4 3.6 ; 950 6.5 95 95 3 3 98709 99047 3 955 953 4 4 5 956 5 7 7 6 949 474. (949 985) 955 35. (949 985) 09 8 99458 : 959 9 : 0094 0 39
8% 958 958 093 6 9579 595 956 967 ( ) : ( )955 958 3 6 955 70 4 955 956 50 9554.5 8 ()60 7 6 957 30 960 957 : 9578 957 3 5 98489 957 8 4 4 48 7 : 8 3.7 7 ;957 958 4 5 6 (949 985) 6 (949 98) (9568) (957 ) 957 6 () 00960 : (966 980 ) 9987 40
5969 957 9949 960 3073( 其 中 由 农 村 迁 入 城 镇 的 大 约 8 万 ) 959 960 8%.5% 957 7.4% 96 960 8 /3960 6 0 965 963 96 56 958 5 9636 ;957 9647 ; ( ) ; 96 963 6 96 966 8 887 600 9.8 800 963 546 87.06 67%; 64 4. 33% 6 67% 3 ( )96 966 96 00 00933 4 : 00846 5 : 00 4 3 6 4 997505 6 99755 55 : (953 968 ) 99805 (949 985) 0 0 4
( )968 978 83 966 4635 35 966 968 685 4 97 973 00 968 4 : ; 973 974 97 97 968 97 970 969 67.38 973 970 968 956 97 67 97 97 5000 300 800 973 974 977 769 9 969 978 400 3 ()973 3 97 97 560 ; 30 : 4 (949 985) 0 (949 985) 0 : 99948 4
3 : 930 4 949 957 950 957 37.8 00.4 5958 6 3 97 69 3698 3 : 977 7 8 9 930 5 4 6 957 3 (949 985) 09 : 959 9 0 43
949 957 300 95 60 983 74.% 0.% 5.7%;963 965 5.8% 6 /3 94 57 800 3 7 50 954 3 956 35 4 8 5 3 994576 577 95605 949 978 949 978 4 5 6 7 8 : 959 9 : 957 0 : : 3 (949 984) 9857 : 989 033 44
95 978 953 978 95 60.% 978 36.7% 956 957 958 959 960 96 964 965 968 969 970 97 956 953 898 6 957 06 964 7 978 5 953 953 95766 95 663 : 957 953 630547 587 40 3 30 953 954 955 07 3 949 978 957 956 : 949 978 999 (984) 984 : ( ) 95767 0 45
953 978 GDP (%) : (949 004) 0059 : 900 9576 47 364 63 958 960 957 9900 96.3 958 4000 960 870 : 960 95 874 97 97 97 500097 560 97 97. 79.7 3 34.5 ; 3 : (949 999) 99953 340 457 675 7 999 8 () 005 40 4 46
: 4 960 957 4000 5 9608 98 99 60 500 67% 96 373 957 0566 6 30 50% 955 9 : : : 3 : 3 454 46 4 5 6 0 954 6 : 70 6 999 6458 : 98733 (989) 989 0 47
60 950 957 88 3 ;96 979 75.4 4 949 978 949 978 5 6 96 9630 38.4 3 9638 8 ( 调 整 面 40%) 6 4 5 8 999 8 : 9833 : 959 9 : 309 : : 004 : 009 6 htp://fi- nance.ifeng.com/topic/dxsjy/job/zcpl/00906/83470. shtml 48
008 3 0 5.9 949 978 964 957.5 /4 4000 96 979 776 490. 90 3000 46 86 979 60 965 957 949 978 ( 本 文 作 者 中 国 社 会 科 学 院 当 代 中 国 研 究 所 副 编 审 北 京 00009) ( 责 任 编 辑 吴 志 军 ) : (953 968 ) 3 3 (949 985) 0 ()6 0 49