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1 Tsinghua University NGO Research Centre, ed., The 500 NGOs in China (United Nations Centre for Regional Development, 2002). 2 2007 350 Deng, Guosheng, The Hidden Rules Governing China s Unregistered NGOs: Management and Consequences, The China Review, 10:1..(Spring, 2010), fn 28. 5
3 NGOs in China, in The 500 NGOs in China, pp.5-6. 4 Salamon, Lester, et.al., Global Civil Society: Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector, Vol. 1 (John Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies, 1999), pp.3-4. 5 Watson, Andrew, Civil Society in a Transitional State: The Rise of Associations in China, in Unger, Jonathan, ed., Associations and the Chinese State (Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 2008), and Yu, Keping, Civil Society in China: Concepts, Classification and Institutional Environment, in Deng, Zhenglai, ed., State and Civil Society: the Chinese Perspective (Singapore: World Scientific, 2011), pp.64-96. 6 Wang, Shaoguang and Jianyu He, Associational Revolution in China: Mapping the Landscape, Korea Observer 35:3 (Autumn, 2004), He, Zengke, Institutional Barriers to the Development of Civil Society in China, in Zheng Yongnian and Joseph Fewsmith, eds., China s Opening Society: the Non-state Sector and Governance (Routledge, 2008), pp. 163-164. 6
7 Watson, Andrew, Civil Society in a Transitional State, pp.35-36. 7
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NGO NGO NGO NGO. NGO 1990 8 NGO 9 10 Shieh, Shawn and Guosheng Deng, An Emerging Civil Society: the Impact of the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake on China's Civic Associations, The China Journal 65 (January 2011), pp.181-194, also available online. 11 Government Procurement Promotes Social Work Agencies and How the Official Discourse of Social Management Innovation Has Expanded the Space for NGOs 10
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