:, :, ;, ;,,,,, :, 2001 12 6, 1 ( ), 68 :, 69 : : ( ) ; 70 :,, : ( ) ; ( ) ;, 68 ; 69 70,, : 68??,,,,, 1995 2 2, 1 1201 2 :,,,, (1995 3 6, 1995 2 ),,, 443
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,,, 11, :,,??,???,? 12,,,,,,,,?, :, ;,, ;,,,, (, ),,,,,,,,,,,,,, 13,,,,, 11 :, 2002-10 - 21 11: 03: 29 2002 1 8,,,, 5000, 30, 5000 ; 6,,, 2000, 5000,,, 5 ( ), : ( ) ; ( ) ; 6, ( ) ; ( ) 4,,,,,, 7000, 2002 3 12, 7000 5000 1, 1,,,,, ;,,, 12 :, 2003-03 - 07 13: 42: 13 13 :, 2002, 408 445
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,, (4),,,,, 16, 9 11 40, :, ( ), 60, 1978,, 40,,,,,, :,,, ( ),,,,,,,,,, 17 1914 1961,,,, 18 21 9 11 2001 9 11,,,,, 9 11 : 9 11,, 9 11,, ( ),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 16,, 1989, 93-94 17 :,,,, :,? 1980 3,, ( ), 1983 8, 551 18 1980 3,, ( ), 1983 8, 548 447
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20 21 ( ),,, :,, R Khan,,,, 22, ( ), R Khan,,,,, 8,,, Nolan :,,, 8, 23,, R Smurthwaite,,,,,,, ;,,, ;, ;,, 24,,,,,,,,,, 9 11, 25 20,,,, 1978,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, :,, 21 2002 9 9 21,,,,,,,,,,, 22 A lan Taylor, Princip les of Evidence, Cavendish Publishing L im ited, 2000, p. 248., 2000, 161-162 23 A lan Taylor, Princip les of Evidence, Cavendish Publishing L im ited, 2000, p. 248., 2000, 161-162 24 :, 2000, 166 25 :, 2002, 720 449
2005 4 ( ) Khan UK, 8 13,,, :,,,,, 26, :,,, ( ) 9 11,,, 9 11,,,,, 1978,, (, ),,,,,,,,,,,, : ( ),,,,,, : ( ),,,, 11 1995 2,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 26 Per Lord Taylor CJ in R v Smurthwaite and Gill (1994),, 2000, 161-162 450
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2005 4,,,, 21,,,,,,,,,, : ; ( ) :, ;, ;, :,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 31 284, 21,,, :,?,,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ), :,,,,, 31,,,, 452
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 68,,,,,, 1978,,,, 1978,,,,,,,,,,,,, 32 [ Abstract] The paper analyzes comp rehensively the cause, types and qualification of evidence con2 cerning secret recording in civil law suits, and comes to the follow ing conclusions. First, it is illegal to conduct secret recording w ithout getting exam ination and app roval by competent authorities; evidence obtained in this way is regarded as illegal one accordingly. Secondly, evidence obtained through illegal m eans should not be encouraged; however, we should take an objective app roach towards these kinds of evidence. According to dif2 ferent types of evidence, distinctions should be made but not absolute exclusion. Thirdly, for illegal evidence yet having qualification of evidence, the judge shall weigh up all evidences collected in a case to decide ulti2 mately whether it can be taken as valid evidence. 32,,,, 453