台中地區高粱適栽區調查研究與探討

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1 25:13-25 (1989) ~ , , ,109 1,017 5,306kg/ha 4,687kg/ha 4,434kg/ha 28 4,485kg/ha 15 5,314kg/ha 18.5% (829kg/ha) 15 4,683kg/ha 11 5,486kg/he 17.1% (803kg/ha) 13 4,256kg/ha 4 4,843kg/ha 13.8% (587kg/ha) 10% (427kg/ha) 13.3% (643kg/ha) , (3) 70 4 (8,13,15,17) 1984 (8,15,17) (9,10) (3)

2 14 73~75 43 ( ) 0.2 ( ) (7) (6) % 10% 10% 10% ,485kg/ha 4,742kg/ha 4,344kg/ha 4,098kg/ha 15 4,683kg/ha 4,838kg/ha 4,746kg/ha 4,373kg/ha 13 4,256kg/ha 4,660kg/ha 3,941kg/ha 3,000kg/ha ( ) 10% (427kg/ha) (1,4,5,9,10,12,14,20,22,23,24) Singh (24) 15~20 (4) ( 5 ) 2cm 20kg 6611kg/ha 50 10cm (5) 65 7cm 65 10cm 50 10cm % 2 3,485kg/ha 3 4,493kg/ha 4 4,651kg/ha

4,256kg/ha 4,660kg/ha 3,941kg/ha 3,000kg/ha ( ) 10% (427kg/ha) (1,4,5,9,10,12,14,20,22,23,24) Singh

3 15~16 (9,10,21) (12) (5,20) Table 1. Grain yield of sorghum in Taichung area Location Cultivation Locations of investigation Taichung Prefecture Changhua prefecture Nantou prefecture Taichung city Spring Mean yield (kg/ha) Locations of investigation Fall Mean yield (kg/ha) Demonstrated plot Conventional plot Average Demonstrated plot Conventional plot Average Demonstrated plot Conventional plot Average Demonstrated plot Conventional plot Average ph 5.1~6.5 (21) CaCO % (730kg/ha) Ca Mg K/Mg Ca Mg 15 (22,24) 38.7% (2,027kg/ha) (16) 120kg/ha kg/ha 60kg/ha 60kg/ha 40~60kg P 2 O 5 /ha 50kg K 2 O/ha 100~160kg 40~60kg ~30 (6) (19) N 140-P 2 O 5 60-K 2 O 48 13

investigation Fall Mean yield (kg/ha) Demonstrated plot 6 4838 4 6151 Conventional plot 7 4660 2 5310 Average 13 4742 6 5870 Demonstrated plot 5 4756 4 5358 Conventional plot 5 3941 2 4375 Average 10

4 16 Table 2. Relation of yields of the spring sorghum and soil characteristics and fertilizer rates in Taichung area Soil characteristics Location of investigation Mean yield (kg/ha) Index (%) 1. Texture (surface soil) SiL L SL LS Soil reaction (ph) < Calcareous reaction 0 (-) (±) (++) (+++) Available P 2 O 5 (kg/ha) < > Available K 2 O (kg/ha) < > Soil depth (cm) > Internal drainage Good to moderate Inperfect Surface drainage Good to moderate Imperfect N-fertilizer (N kg/h) < > Phosphorus fertilizer (P 2 O 5 kg/ha) < > Potassium fertilizer (K 2 O kg/ha) < >

Calcareous reaction 0 (-) 20 4654 100.0 2 (±) 5 4146 89.1 2-5 (++) 2 4150 89.2 5-20 (+++) 1 3476 74.7 4. Available P 2 O 5 (kg/ha) <90 8 4088 100.0 90-290 17 4570 111.8 >290 3 5060 123.8 5.

5 3. 10% 10% 18,531 73, % 9, % 7,871 20% % 447 2% ( ) 17 Table 3. Grain yield of suitability classification and acreage for cultivation of spring sorghum in Taichung area Location Class Limits Average yield Acreage good for cultivation (ha) Acreage fair for cultivation (ha) (kg/ha) Tested Estimated Sub-total Tested Estimated Sub-total good +10% 5216 Taichung fair ± Prefecture poor -10% 4268 good +10% 4778 Changhua fair ± Prefecture poor -10% 3910 good +10% 4507 Nantou fair ± Prefecture poor -10% 3689 Taichung City Total acreage (ha) Total (ha) ,314kg/ha 5,870kg/ha 5,030kg/ha 4,770kg/ha 11 5,486kg/ha 6,151kg/ha 5,358kg/ha 4,770kg/ha 4 4,843kg/ha 5,310kg/ha 4,375kg/ha ( ) 13.3% (643kg/ha) % (829kg/ha) (9,10) 9

cultivation (ha) (kg/ha) Tested Estimated Sub-total Tested Estimated Sub-total good +10% 5216 Taichung fair ±0 4742 2411 1667 4078 4615 559 5174 9252 Prefecture poor -10% 4268 good +10% 4778 Changhua

6 18 2. ( ) ph 5.1~6.5 5,776kg/ha ph % (776kg/ha) 17.8% (826kg/ha) 12.8% (708kg/ha) (11,14) 120~160kg/ha 60~80kg/ha 50~70kg/ha 3. 13,289 73, % 6, % 5, % 1, % % a b c (1,2,18) 31,820 ( ) , ,959

7 19 Table 4. Relation of grain yield of the fall sorghum and soil characteristics and fertilizer rates in Taichung area Soil characteristics Location of investigation Mean yield (kg/ha) Index (%) 1. Texture (surface soil) SiL L SL Soil reaction (ph) > Calcareous reaction 0 (-) (±) (++) (+++) Available P 2 O 5 (kg/ha) < > Available K 2 O (kg/ha) < > Soil depth (cm) > Internal drainage Good to moderate Inperfect N-fertilizer (N kg/h) > Phosphorus fertilizer (P 2 O 5 kg/ha) > Potassium fertilizer (K 2 O kg/ha) >

0 2 (±) 2 4425 79.9 2-5 (++) 1 4960 89.6 5-20 (+++) 1 5000 90.3 4. Available P 2 O 5 (kg/ha) <90 8 5109 100.0 90-290 6 5440 106.5 >290 1 6200 121.4 5. Available K 2 O (kg/ha) <100 8 5301 100.

8 20 Table 5. Grain yield of suitability classification and acreage for cultivation of fall sorghum in Taichung area Average Acreage good for cultivation Acreage fair for cultivation Total Location Class Limits yield (ha) (ha) (ha) (kg/ha) Tested Estimated Sub-total Tested Estimated Sub-total good +10% 6457 Taichung fair ± Prefecture poor -10% 5283 good +10% 5533 Changhua fair ± Prefecture poor -10% good +10% 5247 Nantou fair ± Prefecture poor -10% Taichung City Total acreage (ha) Table 6. Relation of soil series and suitability for sorghum cultivation in Taichung area Location Soil management groups Tested soil series Acreage (ha) Chungchuang (TCh) Hsiataan (THt) 422 I 3b 1 Nanpu (TNp) Kanonanli (TKn) Koli (TKl) Tingliaoli (TTl) I 4a Shuipientou (STp) 1097 II 1a Hsiyuanpao (THy) Shangfengshu (TSg) 1382 Laohsu (TLh) Lintsoli (TLl) Lungching (TLu) 1916 Taichung and Nantou II 1b Nantun (TNt) Neilu (TNe) Wujjh (TWj) Yingpankou (TYp) Prefectures Chelungpu (TCg) Chuhsing (TCi) 1435 II 3a Tungantso (TTw) II 4a Chechiao (TCo) Chiuchangli (TCu) 2588 III 1a Chentsoliao (CCe) Chiuchangli (TCu) Chentsoliao (CCe) Lutso (CLv) Peishihkeng (TPs) Tapumei (CTf) Total Wutso (TWt) b Fuhsin (Fh) Huatan (Hn) Lienhuachi (Li) 5746 Lukang (Lu) Chungliao (Cp) Fanshe (Fs) Niupu (Np) a Changhua Pingho (Ph) Tienchung (Te) Prefectures 3a Lushantseu (Ls) Wangkong (Wg) a Hsichow (Hc) Kongkuan (Kk) Pichiao (Pc) 1546 Shuiwei (Sw) Total a: Good to Moderate, b: Imperfect, c: Poor.

yield (ha) (ha) (ha) (kg/ha) Tested Estimated Sub-total Tested Estimated Sub-total good +10% 6457 Taichung fair ±0 5870 - - - 5169 1314 8483 6483 Prefecture poor -10% 5283 good +10% 5533 Changhua

9 Fig. 1. Acreage covered for development of spring sorghum in Taichung area. 21

10 22 Fig. 2. Acreage covered for development of fall sorghum in Taichung area.

11 p p p ( 5 ) 22: ( 5 ) 22: p : p : (4): (4) 35(11-I2): : p p p : p p : : p Doll, E. C., and R. E. Lucase Testing soils for potassium, calcium and magnesium. p i. In L. M. Walshand J. O. Beaton (ed.). Soil testing and plant analysis. Soil Sci. Am. Inc., Madison, Wis.

1985 33:44-50 17. 1983 p.46-56 18. 1969 p.3-102 19. 1979 21:169-171 20. 1986 13:51-57 21. 1986 p.117-118 22. Doll, E. C., and R. E. Lucase. 1973.

12 Ologunde, C. O., and R. C. Sorensen Influence of concentrations of K and Mg in nutrient solutions on sorghum. Agron. J. 74:4I Singh, A. R., S. D. Choudhari, and N. L. Bhale Effect of seed size on germination, test weight and seeding vigour in sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Research Bulletin of Marathwada Agricultural University. 2:

74:4I-46. 24. Singh, A. R., S. D. Choudhari, and N. L. Bhale. 1980.

13 25 Survey on Suitable Area for Cultivation of Sorghum 1 W. L. Lay and C. T. Wang 2 ABSTRACT In order to survey suitable area and acreage for cultivation of sorghum, soil classification and grain yield of sorghum (Taichung No.5) in 43 locations, including 26 demonstrating plots and 17 conventional plots were investigated from 1984 to It showed that 15,735 ha in Taichung Prefecture, 12,959 ha in Changhua Prefecture, 2,109 ha in Nantou Prefecture and 1,017 ha in Taichung city are suitable for cultivation of sorghum. Taichung Prefecture gave the highest grain yield of 5,306 kg/ha, Changhua Prefecture the second of 4,687kg/ha and Nantou Prefecture the lowest yield of 4,434 kg/ha. The spring sorghum showed an average yield of 4,485 kg/ha of 28 locations, while the fall sorghum gave a yield of 5,314kg/ha of 15 locations, which was 18.5% higher than that of the spring. In the spring crop, the average yield of 15 demonstrating plots was 4,683 kg/ha, while the II plots in the fall averaged in 5,486 kg/ha, which was 17.1% higher than that of the spring. In the conventional plots, averaged yield of 13 plots in the spring was 4,256 kg/ha. Fall sorghum of 4 plots averaged in 4,843kg/ha, 13.8% higher than that of spring. The plots of demonstration also showed a 10% higher yield than the conventional plots. In Taichung area, 5 soil groups, II soil management classes and 41 soil series in total acreage of 31,820 ha were suitable for cultivation of sorghum. Key words: sorghum, suitable cultivation area, survey. 1. Contribution No from Taichung DAIS. 2. Field Assistant and Assistant Soil Scientist of Taichung DAIS.

5) in 43 locations, including 26 demonstrating plots and 17 conventional plots were investigated from 1984 to 1986.

13期xin

13期xin 中国农学通报 2014,30(13):225-229 hinese gricultural Science ulletin 滴灌加工番茄测土配方施肥效果分析 1,2 张晓宏, 王著龙 3 1, 盛建东 ( 1 新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052; 2 新疆农业职业技术学院生