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1 律法书历史书智慧书先知书 创世记出埃及记利未记民数记申命记 约书亚记士师记路得记撒母耳记上撒母耳记下列王纪上列王纪下历代志上历代志下以斯拉记尼希米记以斯帖记 约伯记诗篇箴言传道书雅歌 以赛亚书耶利米书耶利米哀歌以西结书但以理书何西阿书约珥书阿摩司书俄巴底亚书约拿书弥迦书那鸿书哈巴谷书西番雅书哈该书撒迦利亚书玛拉基书 1

2 Luke 24:44 耶穌對他們說 : 這就是我從前與你們同在之時所告訴你們的話說 : 摩西的律法 先知的書, 和詩篇上所記的, 凡指著我的話都必須應驗

3 PROPHET 先知書 (Former 前先知書 ) Joshua 約書亞记 Judges 士師记 Samuel 撒母耳记 Kings 列王记 (Latter 後先知書 ) Isaiah 以賽亞書 Jeremiah 耶利米書 Ezekiel 以西結書 The Book of the Twelve 十二本書 = 小先知書 歷史書 約書亞記 / 士師記 / 路得記 撒母耳記上 / 撒母耳記下 列王記上 / 列王記下 歷代志上 / 歷代志下 以斯拉記 / 尼希米記 / 以斯帖記 Hebrew Bible 希伯来圣经 Christian Bible 基督徒圣经 詩歌書 約伯記 詩篇 箴言 傳道書 雅歌 WRITING 詩歌書 Praises ( 讚美 ) Psalms 詩篇 Job 約伯记 Proverbs 箴言 Ruth 路得记 Song of Songs 雅歌 The Preacher (Ecclesiastes) 傳道者 / 书 How! ( 何竟!) Lamentations 耶利米哀歌 Esther 以斯帖记 Daniel 但以理書 Ezra / Nehemiah 以斯拉 / 尼希米记 Books of the Events of the Time 历代志 大先知書 先知書 以賽亞書 / 耶利米書 / 耶利米哀歌 / 以西結書 / 但以理書 小先知書 何西阿書 / 約珥書 / 阿摩西書 俄巴底亞書 / 約拿書 / 彌迦書 拿鴻書 / 哈巴谷書 / 西番雅書 哈該書 / 撒迦利亞書 / 瑪拉基書 3

4 PROPHETIC BOOKS 先知书 以赛亚书, 耶利米书, 耶利米哀歌, 以西结书, 但以理书 何西阿书, 约珥书, 阿摩司书, 俄巴底亚书, 约拿书, 弥迦书, 那鸿书, 哈巴谷书, 西番雅书, 哈该书, 撒迦利亚书, 玛拉基书 2Ki 17:13 但耶和華藉眾先知 先見勸戒以色列人和猶大人說 : 當離開你們的惡行, 謹守我的誡命律例, 遵行我吩咐你們列祖, 並藉我僕人眾先知所傳給你們的律法 4

5 ROAD MAP OF PROPHETIC BOOKS 5

6 PROPHETIC BOOKS 先知书 Times - Pre-Exile, Northern Kingdom: 何西阿, 约珥, 阿摩司, 约拿 - Pre-Exile, Southern Kingdom: 以赛亚, 耶利米, 俄巴底亚, 弥迦, 那鸿, 哈巴谷, 西番雅 - Captivity: 以西结书, 但以理 - Restoration: 哈该书, 撒迦利亚书, 玛拉基 PROPHETIC BOOKS 先知书 Literary Styles - Narrative 叙述文体 - Characters/Conflict/Climax/Outcome 人物 / 冲突 / 高峰 / 结局 -Setting-Preliminary Incidents-Complications-Resolution-Outcome- Conclusion 布局 / 前因 / 后果 / 结论 - Poems 诗歌 6

7 希伯來詩歌 可見, 大多數舊約書卷的內容也有採用詩歌體栽 舊約聖經約有三分一的篇幅是用希伯來的詩歌形式寫的 他說話豈不照著行呢? 他發言豈不要成就呢? ( 民 23:19) 舊約的智慧文學與先知文學中, 詩篇體栽的篇章更多 伯 : 除了首尾的引言和結語外, 所有對話內容都屬詩句 箴 : 壓軸是一首字母詩 拿 : 故事中間夾有先知在魚腹的祈禱 ( 每句禱文背後都有典故 ) 小先知書 : 珥 俄 彌 鴻 哈 番都是全部作詩歌分行, 其他亦有部分是有類似排列 Pauline Wong 7

8 USE OF POETRY IN PROPHETIC BOOKS 先知书中的诗歌体裁 - Poetry can speak powerfully to the will and emotions; the prophets did not wish simply to inform their audiences, but to move them to action as well - 诗歌能够更有力地表达意愿和情感 先知们希望听众不只是简单地听到一些訊息, 同时也能被感动且付诸行动 - Poetry, with its stress on symbolism and imagery is sometimes better suited than prose to convey the wonders of God and His character which are at the heart of the prophets messages - 诗歌着重于象徵和比喻, 有时可以比散文更能够传达神奇妙的作为和神的特性, 正像先知们内心所领受的信息那样 - Poetry can speak about the meaning of future events without necessarily having to describe all details literally - 诗歌可以表达未来事件的意义而无须逐字逐句地陈述细节 Darryl Fong 8

9 Geo-Political Considerations

10 The Four Empires 四大帝國 亞述 (Assyria) 巴比倫 (Babylon) 波斯 (Persia) 希臘 (Greek) 10

11 11

12 Nabopolassar: 612 BC attacked and overran Nineveh Nebuchadnezzar: 605 BC destroyed the remains of the Assyrian Empire (& Egyptian ally) - the battle of Carchemish 12

13 Surrounding Nations / Tribes - Edom - Moab - Ammon - Aram / Syria - Philistine / Phoenicia

14 In his days Pharaoh-nechoh king of Egypt went up against the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates: and king Josiah went against him; and he slew him at Megiddo, when he had seen him. (KJV) In his days Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up to the king of Assyria to the river Euphrates. And King Josiah went to meet him, and when Pharaoh Neco saw him he killed him at Megiddo. (NASB 95) 2Ki 23:29 約西亞年間, 埃及王法老尼哥上到伯拉大河攻擊亞述王 ; 約西亞王去抵擋他 埃及王遇見約西亞在米吉多, 就殺了他 While Josiah was king, Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up to the Euphrates River to help the king of Assyria. King Josiah marched out to meet him in battle, but Neco faced him and killed him at Megiddo. (NIV) While Josiah was king, Pharaoh Neco, king of Egypt, went to the Euphrates River to help the king of Assyria. King Josiah and his army marched out to fight him,* but King Neco* killed him when they met at Megiddo. (NLT)

15 2 KINGS: Major Events Assyrian Empire Initial Expansion ( BC) Weakness ( BC): Jeroboam II (Israel)/ Uzziah (Judah) Imperial Expansion ( BC) Northern Kingdom: Israel 19 Kings; all bad (spiritually) Conquered by Assyria 722 BC Settlement: Samaria in NT Babylon Empire Initial Expansion ( BC): conquered Assyria Expansion to Palestine ( BC) Fell to Persia (538 BC) Southern Kingdom: Judah 20 Kings (8 good) Conquered by Babylon 3 Exiles: 605, 597 & 586 BCE 1Ki 12:26 耶羅波安心裡說 : 恐怕這國仍歸大衛家 ;27 這民若上耶路撒冷去, 在耶和華的殿裡獻祭, 他們的心必歸向他們的主猶大王羅波安, 就把我殺了, 仍歸猶大王羅波安 28 耶羅波安王就籌劃定妥, 鑄造了兩個金牛犢, 對眾民說 : 以色列人哪, 你們上耶路撒冷去實在是難 ; 這就是領你們出埃及地的神 29 他就把牛犢一隻安在伯特利, 一隻安在但 30 這事叫百姓陷在罪裡, 因為他們往但去拜那牛犢 31 耶羅波安在邱壇那裡建殿, 將那不屬利未人的凡民立為祭司 15

16

17 Judah (and Benjamin) Israel (Ten Northern Tribes) King Reign Prophets King Reign Prophets 1. Rehoboam yr Bad Shemaiah 1. Jeroboam I yr Bad Abijah 2. Abijah yr Bad 2. Nadab yr Bad 3. Asa yr Good 3. Baasha yr Bad 4. Elah yr Bad 5. Zimri days Bad 6. Omri * 12 yr Bad Elijah 4. Jehoshaphat * 25 yr Good 7. Ahab yr Bad Micaiah 5. Jehoram * 8 yr Bad 8. Ahaziah yr Bad 6. Ahaziah yr Bad 9. Joram yr Bad Elisha 7. Athaliah yr Bad 10. Jehu yr Bad 8. Joash yr Good Joel 11. Jehoahaz yr Bad 9. Amaziah yr Good 12. Jehoash yr Bad 10. Uzziah (Azariah) * 52 yr Good 13. Jeroboam II * 41 yr Bad 11. Jotham * 16 yr Good Isaiah Micah 14. Zechariah mo Bad 12. Ahaz yr Bad 15. Shallum mo Bad 13. Hezekiah yr Good 16. Menahem yr Bad 14. Manasseh * 55 yr Bad Nahum 17. Pekahiah yr Bad Habakkuk 15. Amon yr Bad 18. Pekah * 20 yr Bad Zephaniah 16. Josiah yr Good 19. Hoshea yr Bad 17. Jehoahaz mo Bad 722 BC Fall of Samaria to Assyria 18. Jehoiakim yr Bad Daniel 19. Jehoiachin mo Bad Ezekiel 20. Zedekiah yr Bad Jeremiah * Co-regency Destruction of Jerusalem, 586 BC, Babylonian Captivity Jonah Amos Hosea

18 Important Events in OT Historical Books 年份 另算 事件 年份 另算 事件 -875 以利亞作先知 -605 第一批被擄, 包括但以理 -874 亞哈作以色列 ( 北國 ) 王 -597 第二批被擄, 包括以西結 -848 以利沙作先知繼承以利亞 -597 西底家作猶大王 -797 以利沙的事工結束 -586 南國猶大亡於巴比倫 ; 耶路撒冷被毀 -793 耶羅波安 ( 二世 ) 作以色列王 -539 巴比倫被波斯王古列所亡 -743 亞述王提革拉毗列色入侵以色列 -538 古列下詔容許猶大人回歸 -732 何細亞作以色列王 -538 第一批回歸 ( 所羅巴伯帶領 ) -722 北國以色列亡於亞述 -536 聖殿重建開始 -715 希西家作猶大王 -530 聖殿重建停工 -701 亞述王西拿基立圍困耶路撒冷 -522 大利烏作波斯王 -640 約西亞作猶大王 -520 聖殿重建復工 -627 耶利米作先知 -516 聖殿重建完成 -622 在聖殿尋得律法書 -458 第二批回歸 ( 以斯拉帶領 ) -612 尼尼微被毀 -445 第三批回歸 ( 尼希米帶領 ) -609 亞述亡 -445 尼希米重建耶路撒冷城牆 -605 巴比倫軍在迦基米施打敗埃及 -430 瑪拉基作先知? 18

19 Background on Prophets

20 PROPHET & PROPHECY in ANCIENT NEAR EAST 古代近东的先知与预言 - Common among the nations / peoples surrounding the Israelites 在以色列附近的国家民族相当普遍 - Framework of Prophet / Prophecy 先知预言的结构 Covenant 盟约 : Suzerain / Vassal 宗主國 / 附庸國 Judicial / Lawsuit 法律 / 讼诉 Messenger System: Supervising communications 使者制度 Among countries (equal or unequal) 国与国 Between officials 官与官 - To know the will of gods : Divination 如何知道神的旨意 Inductive: Interpreting natural events, casting lots, reading objects (e.g., position of organs of dead animals) 诱导的 : 自然事件, 占阄, 读物体安排 Intuitive: Employing medium (dreams, visions, etc) 直觉的 : 灵媒 ( 异梦, 异象 ) Holman Bible Handbook Expositor s Bible Commentary: Vol 1; Introductory Articles; Ed: Gaebelein; Zondervan

21 WHO IS A PROPHET 谁是先知? - To speak beforehand ; to proclaim 说预言 宣言 - Called / Commissioned by God as spokespersons (Authority from God to Prophets through obedience) 受神的感召和委托作为神的代言人 ( 神授权于先知, 顺从神的旨意 ) - School for prophets 先知学校 (2 Ki 2:3,15; 4:38) - Other Names for Prophets: Seer, Man of God, Watchman, Messenger of Yahweh; 先見, 神人, 守望者, 耶和华的使者 etc - Importance of Prophets in Israelite History King-makers (Samuel, Elisha, etc) 膏立国王 ( 撒母耳, 以利沙 ) Leaders of spiritual (national) reform (Elijah) 属灵领袖 ( 国家 )( 以利亚 ) Pronounce of judgment (Israel / other nations) and restoration 宣告审判 ( 对以色列及其它国家 ) 和重建 Messianic expectation 对弥赛亚的预言 21

22 FALSE PROPHETS 假先知 False Prophets 假先知 Worked for political purposes to benefit themselves 为政治, 自己受益 Held positions of great wealth 占居大财富的位置 Gave false messages 传达假消息 Spoke only what the people wanted to hear 只讲世人喜欢听的话 True Prophets 真先知 Worked for spiritual purposes to serve God and the people 为灵魂工作, 服事神和人 Owned little or nothing 自己拥有的财富很少或没有 Spoke only true messages 只讲真话 Spoke only what God told them to say - no matter how unpopular 只讲神要他们讲的话 - 无论人是否喜欢听 Life Application Bible 22

23 PROPHETS 先知 - Spoken and Written 口述和著作 - Major and Minor 大先知和小先知 - Pre-Exilic and Post-Exilic 被掳前的和被掳后的 - Diverse backgrounds and offices 不同背景的和 身分 / 职位 - Unpopular Messages / Responses 不受欢迎的信息 / 回应 - Strange behaviors 奇异的举止 Marrying and re-marrying a prostitute (Hosea) 同妓女结婚并再婚 ( 何西阿 ) Giving strange names to Children (Hosea) 给孩子取奇怪的名字 ( 何西阿 ) Buying land in Jerusalem during siege (Jeremiah) 在围城过程中购买耶路撒冷的土地 ( 耶利米 ) Sleeping on one-side (Ezekiel) 在一侧睡觉 ( 以西結 ) Not allowed to weep when wife died (Ezekiel) 妻子过世不许哭 ( 以西結 ) 23

24 Holman Bible Handbook p377 24

25 PROPHET & PROPHECY 先知与预言 - Forth-Telling (present) and Fore-Telling (future) 眼前的与将来的 The foretelling of future events was not a necessary but only an incidental part of the prophetic office. The great task assigned to the prophets whom God raised up among the people was to correct moral and religious abuses, to proclaim the great moral and religious truths which are connected with the character of God, and which lie at the foundation of his government. Easton, M.G.: Easton's Bible Dictionary. Oak Harbor, WA : Logos Research Systems, Inc., 1996, c

26 PROPHET & PROPHECY 先知与预言 - Forth-Telling (present) and Fore-Telling (future) 眼前的与将来的 - General Approach: Indictment, Instruction, Judgment & Hope (Holman) - 一般內容分类 : 控诉, 教导, 审判与希望 - Indictment / Instruction 控诉 / 教导 : unfaithful to the Mosaic covenant 对摩西律法不忠 - Judgment 审判 Judah / Israel and the impending exile 犹太 / 以色列的被掳 Surrounding nations 周围的国家 - Hope 希望 : Restoration 重建 Return from exile 被掳归回 Future kingdom 未来王国 - Hope 希望 : Messianic (Jesus) 弥赛亚 ( 耶稣 ) First coming (historic) (e.g., Isa 7:15, 53; Mic 5:2) 第一次来 Second coming (futuristic) (e.g., Isa 65:17-25) 第二次来 26

27 PROPHECY 预言 - Major Theme 主题 : Repent 悔改 (Mosaic Covenant, Solomon s Prayer, etc) ( 摩西的约, 所罗门的祷告 ) - Current Events 目前的事 - Future Events 将来的事 Clarity not always there 常常不清楚 Single fulfillment and multiple fulfillments 一次实现和多次实现 - Poems & songs 诗歌 (special considerations for interpreting) ( 注意解释 ) - Visions and Dreams 异象与异梦 - Common terms The word of the Lord came to me.. 耶和华的话临到我说 This is what the Lord says.. 耶和华如此说.... the Lord declared.. 耶和华说. I, the Lord, have spoken 这是我耶和华说的 Oracles; burden 默示 The day of the Lord. 耶和华的日子 27

28 The End of Old Testament

29 LOOKING TO THE NEW TESTAMENT 展望新约 - Period of Silence: after Malachi; ~ 450 years 玛拉基后 450 年沉默期 - Political 政治 Persia to Greece (330 BCE) 从波斯到希腊 Seleucid to independence 从塞琉古帝国到独立 : Maccabee revolt (166 BC) 馬加比革命 Independent to Rome 从独立到罗马 : Pompey entered Jerusalem (63 BC) Herod and his descendents 希律与他的后人 Limited religious freedom 有限度的宗教自由 (except during the time of the Seleucid) 400 BC 334 BC 324 BC 204 BC 165 BC > 63 BC Persian Alexandrian Egyptian (Ptolemy) Syrian (Seleucid) Maccabee (Independent) (Greek) (Greek) (Greek) (Jewish) Roman 29

30 LOOKING TO THE NEW TESTAMENT 展望新约 - Political 政治 - Religious 宗教 Second temple completed (Ezra Herod) 第二圣殿完成 ( 以斯拉 - 希律 ); Limited freedom 有限度的自由 (except during the time of the Seleucid) Synagogue 会堂制度 : worship, social and education centers for Jews in dispersion 散居各地犹太人的敬拜, 社交和教育中心 Development of OT Canon 旧约正典发展 : Babylonian Talmud, Samarian Pentateuch, Septuagint Apocalypse 启示文学 Intense expectation of Messiah 强烈对弥赛亚的期望 30

31 LOOKING TO THE NEW TESTAMENT 展望新约 - Religious 宗教 Intense expectation of Messiah 强烈对弥赛亚的期望 - Pharisees 法利赛人 : hastening the coming of messiah by strict adherence to the Law and Tradition 透过遵循律法与传统, 使弥赛亚早日来临 - Sadducees 撒都该人 : uncertain about timing of messiah; self help by cooperating with authorities (Roman) 不知道弥赛亚何时来, 与罗马人合作来自救 - Zealots 奋锐党 : uncertain about the timing of messiah; self help by military action against Roman occupants 不知道弥赛亚何时来, 对罗马采取军事行动来自救 - Essenes 艾塞尼人 : hastening the coming of messiah by isolated pious living and study 透过隔离过圣洁的生活来使弥赛亚早日来临 31

32 LOOKING TO THE NEW TESTAMENT 展望新约 Gal 4:3 及至時候滿足, 神就差遣他的兒子, 為女子所生 - Cultural 文化 Greek as the universal language 希腊文是世界语言 Pagan religions and worship (not influential in Judah) 异教对犹太人影响不大 Hellenization 希腊化 Influence of Judaism on gentiles 犹太教对外邦人的影响 Philosophy and learning centers 哲学中心 - Social / Economical 社会 / 经济 Generally poor 一般人相当贫穷 Heavy taxation (temple construction, Persian & Roman policy) 重税 ( 建圣殿, 波斯 & 罗马政策 ) Synagogue as worship, education and social centers 会堂 - 犹太人的敬拜, 社交和教育中心 Slave system 奴隶制度 Highway system 公路系统 32

33 Question / Discussion 1Ki 12:25-33 耶羅波安在以法蓮山地建築示劍, 就住在其中 ; 又從示劍出去, 建築毗努伊勒 26 耶羅波安心裡說 : 恐怕這國仍歸大衛家 ; 27 這民若上耶路撒冷去, 在耶和華的殿裡獻祭, 他們的心必歸向他們的主猶大王羅波安, 就把我殺了, 仍歸猶大王羅波安 28 耶羅波安王就籌劃定妥, 鑄造了兩個金牛犢, 對眾民說 : 以色列人哪, 你們上耶路撒冷去實在是難 ; 這就是領你們出埃及地的神 29 他就把牛犢一隻安在伯特利, 一隻安在但 30 這事叫百姓陷在罪裡, 因為他們往但去拜那牛犢 31 耶羅波安在邱壇那裡建殿, 將那不屬利未人的凡民立為祭司 32 耶羅波安定八月十五日為節期, 像在猶大的節期一樣, 自己上壇獻祭 他在伯特利也這樣向他所鑄的牛犢獻祭, 又將立為邱壇的祭司安置在伯特利 33 他在八月十五日, 就是他私自所定的月日, 為以色列人立作節期的日子, 在伯特利上壇燒香 What makes a good leader? Was Jeroboam really that stupid? Why did the people NOT listen to the prophets? Taking the easy way (spiritually). Moral Judicial Ceremonial

34 Individual Books of Minor Prophets

35 HOSEA 何西阿书 (Deliverance) - Author 著者 : Autobiography of Hosea 何西阿 ; primarily to the Northern Kingdom - Date 日期 : ~ BCE - Theme and Feature Faithfulness in marriage as an example of God s love for Israel (faithful) but not vice versa (unfaithful) Names for Hosea s children (1:6, 1:9) - Key Verses 钥节 : 2: 我必聘你永遠歸我為妻, 以仁義 公平 慈愛 憐憫聘你歸我 ;20 也以誠實聘你歸我, 你就必認識我耶和華 Hos 1:6 歌篾又懷孕生了一個女兒, 耶和華對何西阿說 : 給他起名叫羅路哈瑪 ( 就是不蒙憐憫的意思 ); 因為我必不再憐憫以色列家, 決不赦免他們 Hos 1:9 耶和華說 : 給他起名叫羅阿米 ( 就是非我民的意思 ); 因為你們不作我的子民, 我也不作你們的神 Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan; 1993 Holman Bible Handbook 35

36 HOSEA 何西阿书 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) Israel s Unfaithfulness (1 3) Israel s National Sin and Chastisement (4 10) Israel s Hope (11 14) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Divine Love (1:1 3:5) Accusations and Call to Repent (4:1 7:16) Antiphonal Proclamation (8:1 14:9) 36

37 Hosea at a Glance FOCUS ADULTEROUS WIFE AND FAITHFUL HUSBAND ADULTEROUS ISRAEL AND FAITHFUL LORD REFERENCE 1:1-2:2 3:1 4:1 6:4 9:1 11:1 14:9 DIVISION PROPHETIC MARRIAGE APPLICATION OF GOMER TO ISRAEL RESTORATION OF GOMER SPIRITUAL ADULTERY OF ISRAEL REFUSAL OF ISRAEL TO REPENT JUDGMENT OF ISRAEL BY GOD TOPIC MARRIAGE OF HOSEA MESSAGE OF HOSEA LOCATION TIME PERSONAL NORTHERN KINGDOM OF ISRAEL c BCE NATIONAL RESTORATION OF ISRAEL TO GOD Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

38 何西阿书重要的教训 不要追寻世界上的权势, 享受, 金钱, 和名利, 因为这一切都不可靠 要把神放在我们人生中的首位 对神忘恩负义就会带来祸患 如果我们硬着心不听神的话, 我们就难逃神的审判 不要让世界上的荣华富贵夺去你爱神的心 不要让名利瞒闭你的眼睛, 叫你忘记你何等需要神的爱 专一爱神就是我们最大的成就 无论你离开神有多远, 只要你愿意趁着还有机会, 向神回转, 神都愿意把你带回祂的身边 38

39 JOEL 约珥书 (The Lord is God) - Author 著者 : Anonymous, little known about Joel; primarily to Judah (Southern Kingdom or the land in general) - Date 日期 : unknown, either just before exile or shortly after return - Theme and Feature Locust plaque The day of the Lord - Key Verses 钥节 : 2: 耶和華說 : 雖然如此, 你們應當禁食 哭泣 悲哀, 一心歸向我 13 你們要撕裂心腸, 不撕裂衣服 歸向耶和華你們的神 ; 因為他有恩典, 有憐憫, 不輕易發怒, 有豐盛的慈愛, 並且後悔不降所說的災 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) The Plague The Warning (1) The Fast The Promise (2) The Blessing The Future (3) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Locust Plague (1:1 1:20) Invading Army (2:1 11) Repentance and Renewal (2:12 2: 19) Army Destroyed (2:20) Restoration of the Land (2:21 2:27) Vengeance on Nations (3:1 3:21) An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

40 Joel at a Glance FOCUS DAY OF THE LORD IN RETROSPECT DAY OF THE LORD IN PROSPECT REFERENCE 1:1 1:13-2:1 2:28 3:21 DIVISION PAST DAY OF THE LOCUST PAST DAY OF THE DROUGHT IMMINENT DAY OF THE LORD TOPIC HISTORICAL INVASION PROPHETIC INVASION LOCATION TIME PAST JUDGMENT ON JUDAH SOUTHERN KINGDOM OF JUDAH c. 835 b.c. ULTIMATE DAY OF THE LORD FUTURE JUDGMENT AND RESTORATION OF JUDAH Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

41 约珥书重要的教训 人类最需要关注的是上帝, 不是环境, 经济或仇敌 我们不能对神漠不关心, 如果我们现在不留心听神的话, 以后就要面对祂的愤怒 离开罪恶, 归向真神就是蒙怜悯之道 趁着还有今天, 我们可以接受神的饶恕 我们必须把自己的生命交託给神, 让圣灵来管理我们 41

42 AMOS 阿摩司书 (Burden bearer) - Author 著者 : Amos; to the Northern Kingdom - Date 日期 : ~ BCE (a time of weakness in Assyria and expansion of Israel) - Theme and Feature Against social injustice Invalid worship system - Key Verses 钥节 : 5: 我厭惡你們的節期, 也不喜悅你們的嚴肅會 22 你們雖然向我獻燔祭和素祭, 我卻不悅納, 也不顧你們用肥畜獻的平安祭 ;23 要使你們歌唱的聲音遠離我, 因為我不聽你們彈琴的響聲 24 惟願公平如大水滾滾, 使公義如江河滔滔 Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan; 1993 Holman Bible Handbook 42

43 AMOS 阿摩司书 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) Judgment Against Nations (1 2) Judgment Against Israel (3 6) Visions Regarding the Future (7 9) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) The Prophecy (1:1 1:3a) Oracles Against Nations (1:3b 2:16) Five Sermons (3:1 6:14) Five Visions (7:1 9:10) Prophecy of Restoration (9:11 9:15) 43

44 Amos at a Glance FOCUS EIGHT PROPHECIES THREE SERMONS FIVE VISIONS FIVE PROMISES REFERENCE 1:1 3:1 7:1-9:11 9:15 DIVISION TOPIC JUDGMENT OF ISRAEL AND SURROUNDING NATIONS PRONOUNCEMENTS OF JUDGMENT SIN OF ISRAEL: PRESENT, PAST, AND FUTURE PROVOCATIONS FOR JUDGMENT JUDGMENT PICTURES OF THE JUDGMENT OF ISRAEL FUTURE OF JUDGMENT LOCATION SURROUNDING NATIONS NORTHERN KINGDOM OF ISRAEL TIME c BCE RESTORATION OF ISRAEL PROMISES AFTER JUDGMENT HOPE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

45 阿摩司书重要的教训 任何人都要为自己的罪负责 看见别人发财, 不要羡慕, 也不要自怜, 要知道每个人有一天都要在神的面前交帐 所有好处都是从神而来, 忘记恩神的人最终是虚空的 神顾念穷人, 我们也要怜悯穷苦的人 只有外面的宗教仪式不能得神的喜悦, 神所要的是内里的诚实 45

46 OBADIAH 俄巴底亚书 (Servant of Yahweh, Worshipper of Yahweh) - Author 著者 : Obadiah; nothing known - Date 日期 : Unknown; maybe shortly after the fall of Jerusalem - Theme and Feature: Oracle against Edom comfort to Judah Universal rule of Yahweh The day of the Lord - Key Verses 钥节 : v21 必有拯救者上到錫安山, 審判以掃山 ; 國度就歸耶和華了 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) The Doom of Eden (vv 1 16) Zion s Deliverance (vv 17 21) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Edom s Judgment (vv 1 9) Edom s Sin (vv 10 14) Edom s Judgment (vv 15 21) Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan; 1993 Holman Bible Handbook 46

47 Obadiah at a Glance FOCUS JUDGMENT OF EDOM RESTORATION OF ISRAEL REFERENCE 1: DIVISION PREDICTIONS OF JUDGMENT REASONS FOR JUDGMENT RESULTS OF JUDGMENT POSSESSION OF EDOM BY ISRAEL TOPIC DEFEAT OF ISRAEL VICTORY OF ISRAEL PREDICTION OF JUDGMENT PREDICTION OF POSSESSION LOCATION TIME EDOM AND ISRAEL c. 890 b.c. or BCE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

48 俄巴底亚书重要的教训 神必然审判那些伤害祂的子民的人 我们不要害怕仇敌的攻击, 因为神是我们的保障 神稳操胜算 凡抵挡神的人必然像以东一样败亡 骄傲的人最终要受神公义的审判 48

49 JONAH 约拿书 (Dove) - Author 著者 : Jonah; to the Northern Kingdom - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~770 BCE; completion of book unknown (maybe post-exilic) - Theme and Feature: Shortest sermon (3:4) Mentioned by Jesus (Mat 12:39 40) Argument on the historicity Compassion of God for gentiles Painting of Jonah in the Sistine Chapel, wikipeida.org - Key Verses 钥节 : 2:7 我心在我裡面發昏的時候, 我就想念耶和華 我的禱告進入你的聖殿, 達到你的面前 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) An Obstinate Prophet (1 2) An Obedient People (3 4) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Jonah s Disobedience (1:1 2:10) Jonah s Obedience (3:1 4:11) Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan; 1993 Holman Bible Handbook 49

50 Jonah at a Glance FOCUS FIRST COMMISSION OF JONAH SECOND COMMISSION OF JONAH REFERENCE 1:1 1:4 2:1 2:10 3:1 3:5 4:1 4:4 4:11 DIVISION DISOBEDIENCE TO THE FIRST CALL JUDGMENT ON JONAH EXACTED PRAYER OF JONAH IN THE FISH DELIVERANCE OF JONAH FROM THE FISH OBEDIENCE TO THE SECOND CALL JUDGMENT ON NINEVEH AVERTED PRAYER OF JONAH TOPIC GOD S MERCY UPON JONAH GOD S MERCY UPON NINEVEH REBUKE OF JONAH I WON T GO. I WILL GO. I M HERE. I SHOULDN T HAVE COME. LOCATION THE GREAT SEA THE GREAT CITY TIME c. 760 BCE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

51 约拿书重要的教训 将一生交託神, 不要逃避 不听从神的人会发现自己最终跑进一个困境 神要我们向全世界宣告祂的慈爱 我们都是神的代言人, 神的宣教士 无论神差我们往何处我们都要去 神向人所要的是一个真正悔改的心 51

52 MICAH 弥迦书 (Who is like Yahweh) - Author 著者 : Micah; to the Southern Kingdom - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE - Theme and Feature: Entirely in poem (in contrast to Jonah, which is almost entirely in narrative) Literal device of word play (especially in Ch 2 with the names of cities and villages) Judgment against social injustice (priests, officials, and common people) Messiah (Jesus) to be born in Bethlehem (5:3), as quoted in Matthew - Key Verses 钥节 : 6:8 世人哪, 耶和華已指示你何為善 他向你所要的是什麼呢? 只要你行公義, 好憐憫, 存謙卑的心, 與你的神同行 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) A Message to the People Concerning Israel s Sin (1 2) A Message to the Rulers Concerning the Coming Christ (3 5) A Message to the Chosen People Concerning God s Argument (6 7) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) From Disaster to Deliverance (1:1 2:13) From Predators to Shepherd (3:1 5:15) From Darkness to Light (6:1 7:20) An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

53 Micah at a Glance FOCUS PREDICTION OF JUDGMENT PREDICTION OF RESTORATION PLEA FOR REPENTANCE REFERENCE 1:1 3:1 4:1 4:6-5:2 6:1 6:10 7:7-7:20 DIVISION JUDGMENT OF PEOPLE JUDGMENT OF LEADERSHIP PROMISE OF COMING KINGDOM PROMISE OF COMING CAPTIVITIES PROMISE OF COMING KING FIRST PLEA OF GOD SECOND PLEA OF GOD TOPIC PUNISHMENT PROMISE PARDON LOCATION TIME RETRIBUTION RESTORATION REPENTANCE JUDAH ISRAEL c BCE PROMISE OF FINAL SALVATION Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

54 弥迦书重要的教训 不要让自私的欲望把我们纯洁的信心污秽 以别的东西代替属灵的东西都是愚蠢的 如果我们欺压那些受困逼的人, 神不会帮助我们 弥赛亞要掌权, 听从祂命令的人都可以有平安 真正的信心会产生仁爱, 怜悯, 公义和谦卑 神要求我们的是要我们行公义, 好怜悯, 存谦卑的心与祂同行 54

55 NAHUM 那鸿书 (Comforted) - Author 著者 : Nahum; to the Southern Kingdom - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE; just before the fall of Nineveh (612 BCE) - Theme and Feature: Against Assyria comfort to Judah God as warrior ready to fight for his people Appeared to deliver message as book and not speeches (1:1, English) - Key Verses 钥节 : 1:2-3 2 耶和華是忌邪施報的神 耶和華施報大有忿怒 ; 向他的敵人施報, 向他的仇敵懷怒 3 耶和華不輕易發怒, 大有能力, 萬不以有罪的為無罪 他乘旋風和暴風而來, 雲彩為他腳下的塵土 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) The Judge (1:1 1:7) The Verdict (1:8 1:14) The Execution (2 3) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) God s Vengeance and Refuge (1:1 1:15) Nineveh s Fall (2:1 3:19) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

56 Nahum at a Glance FOCUS DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH DECREED REFERENCE 1:1-1:9 2:1 DIVISION GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF DIVINE JUDGMENT DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH AND DELIVERANCE OF JUDAH DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH DESCRIBED THE CALL TO BATTLE 2:3-3:1 DESCRIPTION OF THE DESTRUCTION OF NINEVAH DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH DESERVED REASONS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH 3:12 3:19 INEVITABLE DESTRUCTION OF NINEVEH TOPIC VERDICT OF VENGEANCE VISION OF VENGEANCE VINDICATION OF VENGEANCE LOCATION TIME WHAT GOD WILL DO HOW GOD WILL DO IT WHY GOD WILL DO IT IN JUDAH AGAINST NINEVEH, CAPITAL OF ASSYRIA c. 660 BCE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

57 那鸿书重要的教训 神抵挡骄傲的人, 也要向他们发怒 没有任何人能逃避神的审判 信靠神的人必得平安 只有神能救我们脱离惧怕和危险 神掌管历史, 我们必须一生一世信靠祂 57

58 HABAKKUK 哈巴谷书 (Embraced) - Author 著者 : Habakkuk; to the Southern Kingdom - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE; just before the fall of Nineveh (612 BCE) - Theme and Feature: Format of question and response (Habakkuk asking and God answering) Honest doubt, a more acceptable attitude than superficial rhetoric Faithfulness in the time of difficulty - Key Verses 钥节 : 3: 雖然無花果樹不發旺, 葡萄樹不結果, 橄欖樹也不效力, 田地不出糧食, 圈中絕了羊, 棚內也沒有牛 ; 18 然而, 我要因耶和華歡欣, 因救我的神喜樂 19 主耶和華是我的力量 ; 他使我的腳快如母鹿的蹄, 又使我穩行在高處 這歌交與伶長, 用絲弦的樂器 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) Habakkuk s complaint (1) God s Reply (2) Habakkuk s Song (3) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Dialogue with God (1:1 2:20) Psalm of Confidence (3:1 3:19) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

59 Habakkuk at a Glance FOCUS PROBLEMS OF HABAKKUK PRAISE OF HABAKKUK REFERENCE 1:1 1:5 1:12 2:2 3:1 3:19 DIVISION FIRST PROBLEM OF HABAKKUK FIRST REPLY OF GOD SECOND PROBLEM OF HABAKKUK SECOND REPLY OF GOD PRAYER OF PRAISE OF HABAKKUK TOPIC FAITH TROUBLED FAITH TRIUMPHANT WHAT GOD IS DOING WHO GOD IS LOCATION TIME THE NATION OF JUDAH c. 607 BCE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

60 哈巴谷书重要的教训 把我们一切的重担忧虑交给神 神愿意我们把疑惑交给祂, 我们可以向神发出问题 神凭己意行作万事, 祂的回答不一定是我们所想象的 虽然恶势力张牙舞爪, 神仍然在掌管 有一天, 神要以完全的公义统治万国万民 盼望是从认识神和信靠神而来的 虽然有不如意的事情发生, 但不要灰心 我们的盼望在乎神, 不是来自世界 60

61 ZEPHANIAH 西番雅书 (Yahweh has hidden) - Author 著者 : Zephaniah; to the Southern Kingdom - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE; just before Josiah s reform - Theme and Feature: Royal blood: Descendant of Hezekiah (1:1) Threat of imminent judgment and hope of ultimate deliverance The day of the Lord Judgment Against Judah and the surrounding nations (in a short book) - Key Verses 钥节 : 3: 以色列所剩下的人必不作罪孽, 不說謊言, 口中也沒有詭詐的舌頭 ; 而且吃喝躺臥, 無人驚嚇 3:14 錫安的民哪, 應當歌唱! 以色列啊, 應當歡呼! 耶路撒冷的民哪, 應當滿心歡喜快樂! 3:15 耶和華已經除去你的刑罰, 趕出你的仇敵 以色列的王耶和華在你中間 ; 你必不再懼怕災禍 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) Judah Searched (1) The Nations Search (2) Israel Restored (3) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Exhortation to Submit (1:1 1:18) Exhortation to Repent (2:1 3:7) Exhortation to Wait (3:8 3:20) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

62 Zephaniah at a Glance FOCUS JUDGMENT IN THE DAY OF THE LORD SALVATION IN THE DAY OF THE LORD REFERENCE 1:1 1:4 2:4 3:1 3:8 3:9 3:14 3:20 DIVISION JUDGMENT ON THE WHOLE EARTH JUDGMENT ON THE NATION OF JUDAH JUDGMENT ON THE NATIONS SURROUNDING JUDAH JUDGMENT ON THE CITY OF JERUSALEM JUDGMENT ON THE WHOLE EARTH PROMISE OF CONVERSION TOPIC DAY OF WRATH DAY OF JOY LOCATION TIME JUDGMENT ON JUDAH JUDAH AND THE NATIONS c. 630 BCE PROMISE OF RESTORATION RESTORATION FOR JUDAH Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

63 西番雅书重要的教训 听从神, 接受神的管教, 寻求神的引导就可以避免将来的审判 不要让物质的东西拦阻我们向神尽忠尽职 在顺境的时候不要自满自足 要知道没有任何东西可以拯救我们 只有神能够拯救我们, 医治我们属灵的疾病 当我们的罪恶得着赦免, 我们就有喜乐和平安 不论现在的环境多么的恶劣, 神的救恩必定来临 63

64 EXILE AND RETURN - A BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY - Exile: 3 waves (605, 597, 586 BCE); destruction of Jerusalem / temple (586 BCE) - Assyrian History Initial Expansion ( BCE) Weakness ( BCE): Jeroboam II (Israel)/ Uzziah (Judah) Imperial Expansion ( BCE) Capture of Samaria & the Northern Kingdom (722 BCE) - Babylon History Initial Expansion ( BCE): conquered Assyria Expansion to Palestine ( BCE) Fall to Persia Cyrus captured the city of Babylon (538 BCE) - Persian History: 3 waves (538 BCE, 458 BCE, 444 BCE) Persian Kings Cyrus ( ) Smerdis (522) Darius I ( ) Xerxes I (Ahasuerus) ( ) Artaxerxes I ( ) Xerex II (424) Darius II ( ) 64

65 HAGGAI 哈该书 (feast, festival) - Author 著者 : Haggai; to the post-exile community - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~520 BCE; within a 4-month period - Theme and Feature: Encouragement to complete temple restoration in the face of opposition Priorities in life - Key Verses 钥节 : 2:8-9 8 萬軍之耶和華說 : 銀子是我的, 金子也是我的 9 這殿後來的榮耀必大過先前的榮耀 ; 在這地方我必賜平安 這是萬軍之耶和華說的 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) A Message of Rebuke (1:1 1:11) A Message of Courage (2:1 2:9) A Message of Assurance (2:10 2:23) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Rebuilding the Temple (1:1 2:9) Cleansing the People and Restoring the Kingdom (2:10 2:23) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

66 Haggai at a Glance FOCUS COMPLETION OF THE LATTER TEMPLE GLORY OF THE LATTER TEMPLE PRESENT BLESSINGS OF OBEDIENCE FUTURE BLESSINGS THROUGH PROMISE REFERENCE 1:1 2:1 2:10 2:20 2:23 DIVISION CONSIDER YOUR WAYS... MY HOUSE THAT IS IN RUINS. THE GLORY OF THIS LATTER TEMPLE SHALL BE GREATER. FROM THIS DAY I WILL BLESS YOU. I WILL SHAKE HEAVEN AND EARTH. TOPIC THE TEMPLE OF GOD THE BLESSINGS OF GOD LOCATION FIRST REBUKE (PRESENT) TIME SEPTEMBER BCE FIRST ENCOURAGEMENT (FUTURE) OCTOBER BCE JERUSALEM SECOND REBUKE (PRESENT) DECEMBER BCE SECOND ENCOURAGEMENT (FUTURE) DECEMBER BCE Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

67 哈该书重要的教训 我们很容易会把自己的事情当作首要, 把神的工作当为次要, 小心! 不要停止服侍神, 不要为自己找借口 知道什么是神要你做的就去做 把先后次序弄好 神给你的工作, 你就放胆去做 神的资源无限无量, 祂一定回供应你的一切需要 67

68 ZECHARIAH 撒迦利亚书 (Yahweh remembers) - Author 著者 : Zechariah; to the post-exile community; possibility of second author likely; and / or later compilation - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE - Theme and Feature: Temple, priesthood and purification Universal worship of God by all nations widening of grace Apocalyptic (Eschatological) Linking with Revelation (horses, flying scroll, woman in a basket, etc) - Key Verses 钥节 : 4:6 他對我說 : 這是耶和華指示所羅巴伯的 萬軍之耶和華說 : 不是倚靠勢力, 不是倚靠才能, 乃是倚靠我的靈方能成事 8: 萬軍之耶和華如此說 : 將來必有列國的人和多城的居民來到 21 這城的居民必到那城, 說 : 我們要快去懇求耶和華的恩, 尋求萬軍之耶和華 ; 我也要去 22 必有列邦的人和強國的民來到耶路撒冷尋求萬軍之耶和華, 懇求耶和華的恩 Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

69 ZECHARIAH 撒迦利亚书 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) The Chosen People and the Temple (1 8) The Messiah and the Kingdom (9 14) Zechariah at a Glance Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Zechariah s Night Visions (1:1 6:8) Crowning of Joshua (6:9 6:15) Two Oracles Concerning the Coming Kingdom (7:1 14:21) FOCUS EIGHT VISIONS FOUR MESSAGES TWO BURDENS REFERENCE 1:1-1:7 6:9 7:1 9:1 12:1 14:21 DIVISION CALL TO REPENTANCE EIGHT VISIONS CROWNING OF JOSHUA QUESTION OF FASTING FIRST BURDEN: REJECTION OF THE MESSIAH TOPIC PICTURES PROBLEM PREDICTION LOCATION ISRAEL S FORTUNE ISRAEL S FASTINGS JERUSALEM ISRAEL S FUTURE SECOND BURDEN: REIGN OF THE MESSIAH TIME WHILE BUILDING THE TEMPLE AFTER BUILDING THE TEMPLE ( BCE) (c BCE) 69 Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson, 1996

70 Zechariah s Visions The visions of Zechariah had historical meaning for his day, but they also have meaning for all time. God will save His people and bring judgment on the wicked. Vision Significance Man and horses among the myrtle trees (1:8) The Lord will again be merciful to Jerusalem (1:14, 16, 17). Four horns, four craftsmen (1:18-20) Those who scattered Judah are cast out (1:21). Man with measuring line (2:1) God will be a protective wall of fire around Jerusalem (2:3-5). Cleansing of Joshua (3:4) The Servant, the Branch, comes to save (3:8, 9). Golden lampstand and olive trees (4:2, 3) The Lord empowers Israel by His Spirit (4:6). Flying scroll (5:1) Dishonesty is cursed (5:3). Woman in the basket (5:6, 7) Wickedness will be removed (5:9). Four chariots (6:1) The spirits of heaven execute judgment on the whole earth (6:5, 7). Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

71 Zechariah s Visions Bible Knowledge Commentary 71

72 撒迦利亚书重要的教训 神不喜悦我们把祂放在任何东西之下 不要让任何人把你引导离开神 常常察验自己是否走出在神的正路中间, 没有偏离神 建殿重要, 但是百姓与神重建关系却更重要 不是依靠势力才能来服侍神, 乃是靠圣灵 弥赛亞先以受苦的仆人出现, 然后再以荣耀的王的身份出现 我们要顺服神, 等候祂的再来 虽然邪恶的势力还存在, 但神的慈爱是永远的, 祂的应许必定成就 我们的外体虽然会毁坏, 但我们的盼望却是安定在天 72

73 MALACHI 玛拉基书 (My [Yahweh s] messenger) - Author 著者 : Malachi; to the post-exile community - Date 日期 : Prophesized ~ BCE - Theme and Feature: Ministering to the community at a time of disillusion Covenants: Levi (2:4, 5, 8); father (2:10); marriage (2:14) Robbing God by withholding offering Resolving people s disputes (six) with God - Key Verses 钥节 : 3:10 萬軍之耶和華說 : 你們要將當納的十分之一全然送入倉庫, 使我家有糧, 以此試試我, 是否為你們敞開天上的窗戶, 傾福與你們, 甚至無處可容 Major Sections 主要分段 (Henrietta Mears) The Sins of the Priests (1:1 2:9) The Sins of the People (2:10 3:18) Coming Things (3 4) Major Sessions 主要分段 (Holman Bible Handbook) Honor Yahweh (1:2 2:9) Faithfulness (2:10 3:6) Return and Remember (3:7 4:6) Holman Bible Handbook Old Testament Survey; Lasor, Hubbard & Bush An Introduction to the OT; Dillard & Longman; Zondervan;

74 Malachi at a Glance FOCUS PRIVILEGE OF THE NATION POLLUTION OF THE NATION PROMISE TO THE NATION REFERENCE 1:1 1:6 2:10 3:16-4:1 4:4 4:6 DIVISION LOVE OF GOD FOR THE NATION SIN OF THE PRIESTS SIN OF THE PEOPLE BOOK OF REMEMBRANCE COMING OF CHRIST TOPIC PAST PRESENT FUTURE LOCATION TIME CARE OF GOD COMPLAINT OF GOD COMING OF GOD JERUSALEM c BCE COMING OF ELIJAH Nelson's Complete Book of Bible Maps & Charts : Old and New Testaments. Rev. and updated ed. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson,

75 玛拉基书重要的教训 神讨厌假冒为善的人 神不喜悦马马虎虎的宗教仪式 神所要的是我们诚心实意的爱祂 领袖腐败, 百姓也跟着腐败 神要事奉祂的人忠心 神配得最好的礼物, 最高的敬意, 最大的赞美 罪能使人心麻木不仁 我们在婚姻, 家庭和教会中都要把最好的献给神 弥赛亞头一次来是要使我们的罪的洁净, 祂再来的时候就要把一切的罪都显露出来 只要人愿意悔改, 神还是有恩典为他们预备 75