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1 IABSE Henderson Colloquium, Cambridge, Peter Head CASE STUDY: DONG TAN ECO-CITY Peter Head Director, Arup, UK. PowerPoint Slides from Colloquium Presentation

FACTOR 10 ENGINEERING FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES Dongtan Eco City Mr Peter Head OBE FREng - Director Arup PRESENTATION CONTENTS China s new direction in urban development

2 FACTOR 10 ENGINEERING FOR SUSTAINABLE CITIES Dongtan Eco City Mr Peter Head OBE FREng - Director Arup PRESENTATION CONTENTS China s new direction in urban development Why Dongtan? Approach to masterplanning and integrated urbanism - total serial innovation The first phase masterplan and the factors of ten improvements in performance 1

3 Like much of the world, China is becoming more urban Urban population is to reach 1.12 billion by 2050 this is a shift of more than 600 million people from rural to urban. Guangming Daily Unsustainable urbanization is a threat to long term security China s current development is ecologically unsustainable, and the damage will not be reversible once higher GDP has been achieved. Zhenhua Xie, Minister of State Environmental Protection Agency 2

4 3

5 Peter Head 8,400 hectares DONGTAN ECO CITY THE SUSTAINABLE APPROACH 䅸䞮㖐兼㊶ 4

6 September 2005 AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO VALUE THROUGH BETTER DESIGN / 5

7 Peter Head 䥽㪖1 䥽㪖䘾㔳 OBJECTIVE 1 ² ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 冢ゑ/兎ㇱゑ冢ゑ兎ㇱゑ buffer city / linear city: 㔳炮伊㪥㔳炮伊㪥 protecting and enhancing the bird habitat 榅㘡㟍ℳ抩 Zero emission transport 㻃䚕䘾 Water treatment and recycling ℳ抩檂 Low traffic noise 㻰㩢㘶 Light pollution control 㡯㘸 No landfill 㣾屑䤓䞮䓸㫆㊶ Biodiversity in landscape Factor 10- Reduction in particulates 䟀㧠囌兓㒟䤓柖呹䏅䦇废 TOWN OF VILLAGES IN HARMONY WITH NATURE 6

15,000 visitors daily 1 5 51,000 51,000 jobs

19,000 19,000 jobs COMPACT CITY MIXED USE 54

reduces demand for motorised travel minimises

8 OBJECTIVE 2 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFIT Sustainable Eco-city 80,000 residents 8 15,000 visitors daily ,000 51,000 jobs Conventional Approach City 50,000 residents 5 19,000 19,000 jobs COMPACT CITY MIXED USE 54 % / 46% 54 % Residential / 46% other uses reduces demand for motorised travel minimises commuting provides services locally generates employment 7

45 average plot ratio / 75 dwelling per hectares 80,000 people MASSING AND

9 COMPACT CITY image to be changed - modified & -3-8 / 1.45/ 75 /8 low rise & high density 3 to 8 storeys / 1.45 average plot ratio / 75 dwelling per hectares 80,000 people MASSING AND TYPOLOGIES 21 st century waterfront Heart at the Harbour Dongtan s Urban Rooms are containers for peoples interactions 8

OBJECTIVE 3 LOW ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT 2.6 / Eco-City Footprint 2.6 gh/person 5.8 / Factor 10- Reduction in energy footprint 8.00 Conventional Approach City Footprint 5.8 gh/person 7.00 6.00 EF (gha.

10 OBJECTIVE 3 LOW ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT 2.6 / Eco-City Footprint 2.6 gh/person 5.8 / Factor 10- Reduction in energy footprint 8.00 Conventional Approach City Footprint 5.8 gh/person EF (gha./cap) Services and Govt. Consumables and Waste Mobility Construction Food Shanghai Beijing Dongtan Baseline Assessment Dongtan Sustainable Dongtan Sustainable Assessment Assessment with Policies Ecological footprinting Using REAP for Dongtan 9

ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT REFERENCE AND COMPARISON CITIES Reference (Shanghai) Comparison cities 7.00 14.00 6.00 12.

/cap) 10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 Other Services Goods Mobility Housing Food 1.00 2.00 - - -1.00 Shanghai = 5.

MANAGEMENT Sustainable Eco-city 16 500 / Water Consumption 16,500 T per Day 3,500 / Water Discharge 3.

11 ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT REFERENCE AND COMPARISON CITIES Reference (Shanghai) Comparison cities gha./cap Capital Investment Government Exports Services Goods Mobility Housing Food EF (gha./cap) Other Services Goods Mobility Housing Food Shanghai = 5.83 gha / capita Santiago Beijing Tokyo London Shanghai Toronto New York Houston OBJECTIVE 4 WATER AND FLOOD MANAGEMENT Sustainable Eco-city / Water Consumption 16,500 T per Day 3,500 / Water Discharge T per Day Conventional Approach City / Water Consumption 29,000 T per Day / Water Discharge 29,000 T per Day Factor 10 Reduction in discharge 10

12 OBJECTIVE 4 WATER AND FLOOD MANAGEMENT WORKING WITH WATER - RECREATION LAKE 11

13 Peter Head 棁㾹䟴 FLOODING APPROACH Self Sufficient Villages Sustainable Flood Management Strategy [Plan] 呹㒠棁喒䤓㧠ㄓ呹㒠棁喒䤓㧠ㄓ㖐兼㊶棁㾹丰䚕䟴> 㖐兼㊶棁㾹丰䚕㻃㻃棁㾹㘶 WATER CITY ² FLOODING MANAGMENT 12

OBJECTIVE 5- AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Sustainable Eco-City 8Ha of city factory, no loss

Improvement in agricultural productivity OBJECTIVE 6 ENERGY PRODUCTION, USE AND

600 GWH/year No CO2 Emission from energy for power and heat 1650 / Energy Demand 1650

14 OBJECTIVE 5- AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION Sustainable Eco-City 8Ha of city factory, no loss of production Conventional Approach City Loss of 1000 ha of productive land Factor 10 Improvement in agricultural productivity OBJECTIVE 6 ENERGY PRODUCTION, USE AND EMISSION REDUCTION Sustainable Eco-city Conventional Approach City 600 / Energy Demand 600 GWH/year No CO2 Emission from energy for power and heat 1650 / Energy Demand 1650 GWH/year 350,000 CO2 Emission of 350,000 tons per year Factor 10- Reduction in carbon emissions 13

15 ENERGY APPROACH ECO DEMONSTRATOR SOURCES OF ELECTRICAL GENERATION (MWh per annum) Cultivated Biomas CHP, 29,839 Large Scale Wind, 52,034 CHP Rice Residue CHP, 69,365, Urban Wind, 4,336 Photovoltaic Cells,, 13,009 MSW CHP, 2,218 CHP Digestion Biogas CHP CHP, 2,646 14

16 GREEN CITY image to be changed - modified LANDSCAPE AND OPEN SPACE Open Space Character Plan Legend - Ecological Parkland - City Parks - Green Roofs - City Squares, Walled Gardens and Courtyards 15

17 GREEN CITY HIGH STANDARD : (WHO) 8 / 10 Green area per capita. WHO: 8 sqm / Shanghai: 10 sqm Dongtan London Los Angeles 6.6 sqm 20.5 sqm 27 sqm hectares / total hectares / urban area hectares / ecology park LANDSCAPE AND OPEN SPACE In the heart of the City there will still be close contact with nature. 16

100%WASTE COLLECTION 5,000 / 5000 T/YEAR TO

30,000 T/YEAR TO LANDFILL Factor 10-Reduction

TRANSPORT Sustainable Eco-city Conventional

2 million KM ZERO CO2 EMISSIONS 24 AVERAGE

0 million KM 40 400 000 TONNES CO2 EMISSIONS

18 OBJECTIVE 7 WASTE MANGEMENT Sustainable Eco-city Conventional Approach City %WASTE COLLECTION 5,000 / 5000 T/YEAR TO LANDFILL 80 80% WASTE COLLECTION 30,000 / 30,000 T/YEAR TO LANDFILL Factor 10-Reduction in landfill OBJECTIVE 8 ACCESSIBILITY AND TRANSPORT Sustainable Eco-city Conventional Approach City 420 DAILY TRAVEL DISTANCE 4.2 million KM ZERO CO2 EMISSIONS 24 AVERAGE TRIP LENGTH 24 KM 600 DAILY TRAVEL DISTANCE 6.0 million KM TONNES CO2 EMISSIONS PER YEAR 56 AVERAGE TRIP LENGTH 56 KM Factor 10-Reduction in carbon emissions 17

19 ACCESSIBILITY Delivering Public Transport Road and Water, a complementary network ACCESSIBLE CITY 18

20 ACCESSIBILITY Road Network Strategy Encouraging a high quality, safe and active Town ACCESSIBLE CITY image to be changed - modified 19

21 ACCESSIBLE CITY Pedestrian Cycle Routes : Encouraging a high quality, safe and active Town ACCESSIBILITY Road Network Strategy Encouraging a high quality, safe and active Town No through routes for vehicles 20

22 Freight Logistics BETTER CITY, SUSTAINABLE CITY 21

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