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1 2015 7, 22(4): Journal of Fishery Sciences of China 研究论文 DOI: /SP.J 陈生熬 1, 宋勇 1 1,, 牛玉娟 2 1,, 刘洁雅 2, 谢从新 2, 任道全 1 3, 范镇明 1.,, ; 2., ; 3., 摘要 :, [Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)] :,,,, (0.60±0.052) mm, (20.0±1.0), 65 h 34 min 7 ; (2.0±0.65) mm, 7 d,, ; 16,,,,,,, (8.0±0.45) mm; 30,,,,, (13.0±0.55) mm,, (L Y ) (D) : L Y = D D (R 2 =0.9050); (L Y ) (L T ) : L Y = 1.315L T (R 2 =0.8199); (L T ) (D) : L T = D D (R 2 =0.9890), : ; ; 中图分类号 : S917 文献标志码 : A 文章编号 : (2015) [Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)], :, (Cyprinidformes), (Cobitidae), (Nemachilinae), (Triplophysa) (Hedinichthys), [1 2] [3 6] ;, [6 13],, (Aspiorhynchus laticeps) (Schizothorax biddulphi) [13 14], [10] [11 12],, 收稿日期 : ; 修订日期 : 基金项目 : ( ); (2012FY ); (2013BA005); (2012YY01); (201505). 作者简介 : (1980 ),,,. chenshengao@163.com 通信作者 :,. xiecongxin@mail.hzau.edu.cn

2 598 22,,,,,, ,, 50 L, 48 h, ph 6.5~7.5, (DO) 8.0 mg/l, (T) (20±1) m 0.60 m 0.80 m, 2 500~4 500 /m 3 ; 2.40 m 0.80 m 0.50 m, 1 000~1 500 /m 3, (ACO-004, 0.75~1.1 kw), 8:00 15:00 23:00 ( ), ( ) ;,, 8:00 15:00 ( 200 # ), 23:00,, ( 2.0),,, 15%~25%,,, 30~60 min 1.3, 10,, Motic SMZ-140 ( 10 20, 4 ) Canon PC-1475, 10 min,, 50% [15 17] 8:30 20:30 10,, [15 17] ipp6.0 (L T ) (L Y ) (L T ) 1.4 Excel 2007 Photoshop CS , ( 1 ),,,,, (0.60±0.052) mm, ( 1 ), (0.81±0.093) mm,,,,,, 48 h, ph 6.5~7.5, (DO) 8.0 mg/l, (T) (20±1), 65 h 34 min,, ( 1) ~30 min, 1 h 12 min,, ( 1 ),,,, 2 ( 1 );, 11 h 20 min,, 4 ( 1 ) 8 ( 1 ) 16 ( 1 ) 32 ( 1 ) 64 ( 1 ); 1 h 20 min,,,,, ( 1 ) h 17 min,,,,, ( 1 ),,, ( 1 )

3 4 : 599 developmental stage 表 1 叶尔羌高原鳅胚胎发育过程 Tab. 1 Embryonic development of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) brief characteristics of stage /(h:min) developing time fertilized egg 15~30 min 09:20(0d) (00:00) blastodisc, 10:32(01:12) 2 2-cell stage 1, 2 12:33(03:13) 4 4-cell stage 4 15:03(05:43) 8 8-cell stage 2, 8 18:00(08:40) cell stage 2, 16 18:28(09:08) cell stage 5,, 32, 19:39(10:19) cell stage 6,,, 20:40(11:20) morula, 22:01(12:41) early blastula, 23:37(14:17) middle blastula, 00:29(1d) (15:09) last blastula 01:36(16:16) early gastrul,, 02:57(17:37) middle gastrul 03:32(18:12) last gastrul 05:23(19:03) neural embryo formation, 06:28(20:08) closure of blastopore, 08:12(22:52) appearance of myomere, 10:03(24:43) optic capsule stage, 13:05(27:45) tail-bud stage,, 14:27(29:07) otocyst stage, 16:58(31:38) rudiment of tail fin, 17:54(32:34) crystal stage of eyes, 19:08(33:48) appearance of heart 02:21(2d) (41:01) appearance of statolith 04:00(42:40) heart beating stage, 09:21(48:01) appearance of eyeball pigment 12:56(51:36) early hatching,, 13:54(52:34) middle hatching, 00:56(3d) (63:36) embryo hatching, 02:54(65:34) 1 Fig. 1,,, ( 1 ) h 37min, ( 1 );,, 2 h 26 min,,, 2/5( 1 ), 3/5( 1 ), 4/5, ( 1 ) h 8 min,,,, ( 1 ) 22 h 52 min,,,,,, ( 1 ),,, ( 1 ) h 45 min,,

4 600 中国水产科学图1 Fig. 1 叶尔羌高原鳅胚胎发育分期 Embryonic development of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) 第 22 卷

5 4 : 601,, 4~8,, ( 1 ) 29 h 07 min,,,, ( 1 ) 31 h 38 min,,, ( 1 ), 32 h 34 min,,, ( 1 ) 33 h 48 min, 2/3,, ( 1 ) 41 h 1min,,, ( 1 ) 42 h 40 min,,,,,, ( 1 ) 48 h 1min,,,, ( 1 ) 51 h 36 min,, ( 1 ) 52 h 34 min,,,,, ( 1 ) 63 h 36 min,,,, ( 1 ) 65 h 34 min, ( 1 ), 2.23 mm :,, 2.23 mm,,,, 1/2,,, 28+15, ;,,, ;,, ;,, ;,, ( 2 ) 1 d:,, ;,,,, ; ( 2 ) 2 d:, 6~9,,,,,,, ( 2 ) 3 d:,, 15~20,,,,,, ( 2 ) 4 d:,,,,,,,, ( 2 ) 5 d:,,,,,,,,, ;,, ( 2 ) 6 d:,,,,,, ; ( 2 ) 7 d:,,,,, ( 2 ) 2.2.2, 7 d,,,, 8 d,,,, ;,, ;, ( 2 ) 10 d,,,, ;,,, ( 2 ) 12 d,,,,

6 602 22,,,, ; ( 2 ) 14 d,,,,,,, ;, ( 2 ) 16 d,,,,, ;,, ( 2 ) d,,,,,,, 19 d,,,,,,,,, ( 2 ) 21 d,,,,,,,,, 23 d,,,,,, ;,,, ; ( 2 ) 25 d,,,,,, ;, ;, 27 d,,,,, ;, ; 29 d,,,, ;,,, ;,, 30 d,,,,, (13.0±0.55) mm, 2.2.4, ( 3): (L Y ) (D) : L Y = D D (R 2 =0.9050); (L Y ) (L T ) : L Y = 1.315L T (R 2 =0.8199); (L T ) (D) : L T = D D (R 2 =0.9890); 3 a, 1 d, 2 d,, 7~8 d,, 1 d 3 b,,, 3.0 mm,,, 3.5 mm,, 3 c,,,,, 0,,,, 2~3 d 3 3.1,,,

7 4 : 603 Fig. 2 2 Post-embryonic development of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) Fig. 3 3 Larval development of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)

8 [18 21],,, (Mastacembelue armatus) [15 19, 22 30] ; (0.60±0.052) mm, [15 18] ;, (Botia superciliaris) [23] (Leptobotia elongata) [24] (Paracobitis potanini) [26] (Triplophysa angeli) [30],, (Triplophysa bleekeri) [29] (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) [25],,,,,,, [4 5, 19, 22], [17], [17 19], (20±1), [19 21],, [10 11, 19, 29] Wootton [21],,, (20±1), [10 13] 48 h, ph 6.5~7.5, (DO) 8.0 mg/l, 67 h 26 min,, [19],,, [16, 23 25], [26], [18 19] ; [4 5, 27], ; [17, 28],,, ;,,, [1 2, 11, 19, 27],, [1 2, 18 19], ;, 16 h, [29] 19 h, [30] 8 h, [24] 5 h, [26] 1 h 45 min, [23] 1 h, [25] 45 min,, [19] 16 h, 36 h [29], [25] [26] [23] [30] [24] 3 h, [24] [23] [30] 4 h, [26] 16 h [29] 8 h, [25] 2 h,, [19], 7 h, [30], [29], [23 26] 38 h,, [23 26, 30], h 34 min,,, [26] ; [29] ;, [30],,, [29 30],,

9 4 : 605 [25 26, 29 30],,, 4~5 d, [26, 29 30],,, [29], [30],,,, [26],,, [11 12],,,, [30], [29], [29 30], [26],,,,, [30], [29], 16,,,,,,, [29 30], [26],,,, 2~3 d, [29] 5~8 d, [19] 参考文献 : [1] Zhu S Q. The Loaches of the Subfamilm Nemacheilinae in China (Cyprinifomes Cobitidae)[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1989: [ [M]:, 1989: ] [2] Wu Y F, Wu C Z. The Fishes of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[M]. Chengdu: Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 1992: [,. [M] :, 1992: ] [3] Huo T B, Jiang Z F, Karjan A, et al. Length weight relationships of 16 fish species from the Tarim River, China[J]. J Appl Ichthyol, 2012, 28(1): [4] Zhang R M, Ma Y W, Turxun, et al. Preliminary observation on embryonic and fry upgrow of As otiorhynchus laticeps(day) [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2008, 25(2): [,,,. [J]., 2008, 25(2): ] [5] Gong X L, Cui Z K, Wu M Z, et al. Study on embryonic development and larval growth of Schizothorax biddulphi Günther[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University, 2013, 22(6): [,,,. [J]., 2013, 22(6): ] [6] Wang D Z. The Changes of fishes fauna and proteetions of aboriginal fishes in the Tarim River[J]. Arid Zone Research, 1995, 12(3): [. [J]., 1995, 12(3): ] [7] Li J L, Liu N F, Yang J X. A brief review of Triplophysa (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae) species from the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang, China, with description of a new species[j]. Zootaxa, 2007, 1605(7): [8] Wang Z C, Cheng Y, Chen S A, et al. Morphological characters of Triplophysa bombifrons in Tarim River[J]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2008, 42(6): [,,,. [J]., 2008, 42(6): ] [9] Nie Z L, Wu H, Wei J, et al. Length-weight relationship and morphological studies in the Kashgarian loach Triplophysa yarkandensis (Day, 1877) from the Tarim River, Tarim River Basin, North-West China[J]. Indian J Fish, 2013, 60(1): [10] Zeng L, Tang W Q. Age, body growth and reproductive characteristics of Triplophysa yarkandensis[j]. Chinese Journal of Zoology, 2010, 45(5): [, [J]., 2010, 45(5): ] [11] Chen S A, Ma C H, Ding H P, et al. Studies on the reproductive Biology of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) in Tarim River[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2013, 37(5): [,,,. [J]., 2013, 37(5): ] [12] Chen S A, Yao N, Wang Z C, et al. Study on feeding habits

10 and growth of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)[J]. Journal of Shanghai Ocean University, 2014, 23(3): [,,,. [J]., 2014, 23(3): ] [13] Chen S A, Yao N, Ren D Q, et al.studies on the population structure of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) in the upper reaches of Tarim River[J]. Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 2014, 45(8): [,,,. [J]., 2014, 45(8): ] [14] Yue P Q, Chen Y Y. China Red Date Book of Endangered Animals[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1998, [,. : [M]:, 1998: ] [15] Gu R B, Xu G C, Wen H B, et al. Embryonic and post-embryonic development of Paracanthobrama guichenoti[j]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2008, 15(3): [,,, 鮈 [J]., 2008, 15(3): ] [16] Gu Z M, Zhu J J, Jia Y Y, et al. Research on embryonic and postembryonic development of Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker of Taihu Lake[J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2008, 15(2): [,,,. 鲌 [J]., 2008, 15(2): ] [17] Xue L Z. Observation on the embryonic development of Mastacembelue armatus[j]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2014, 44(2): [. [J]., 2014, 44(2): ] [18] Wang J Q, Zhao X L. Fish Aquaculture[M]. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology Press, 2000: [, [M]. :, 2000: ] [19] Ying M C. Fish Aquaculture[M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1995: [. [M]. :, 1995: ] [20] Jobling M. Environmental biology of fishes[j]. Fish and Fisheries Series, 1995(16): [21] Wootton R J. Ecology of Teleost Fishes[M]. New York: Chapman and Hall. 1998: [22] Qadri M Y, Mir S, Yousuf A R. Breeding biology of Schizothorax richardsonii gray and hard[j]. J Indian Inst Sci, 1983, 64(6): [23] Yang M S, Ding X. Studyon the reproductive Biology of Botia supercilliaris[j]. Journal of Hydroecology, 2010, 3(2): [,. [J], 2010, 3(2): ] [24] Liang Y Q, Xie C X, Hu X J, et al. Observation on the embryonic development of Leptobotia elongata [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1999, 23(6): [,,,. [J]., 1999, 23(6): ] [25] Zheng W B. Observation on the embryonic and larval development of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (Cantor)[J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2005, 9(1): [. [J]., 2005, 9(1): ] [26] Wang B S, Yao Y H, Wang Z J. Embryonic development of Paracobitis potanini[j]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2008, 38(2): [,,. [J]., 2008, 38(2) : ] [27] Wang Z J, Huang J, Zhang Y G. The reproductive traits of Triplophysa bleekeri in the Daning River[J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2013, 43(5): [,, [J]., 2013, 43(5): 8 13.] [28] Lu X, Sun J J, Wang H F, et al. Observations on embryonic development of reciprocal hybrids of Siniperca kneri Garman Siniperca chuatsi Basilewsky and F 2 of S. kneri females S. chuatsi males F 1 [J]. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2013, 20(5): [,,,. [J]., 2013, 20(5): ] [29] Li Z L, Yan T M. Morphological development of Triplophysa bleekeri (Sauvage etdabry dethiersant, 1874) embryo and larval[j]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2009, 33(4): [,. [J]., 2009, 33(4): ] [30] Wang H, Guo Y S, Zuo L, et al. Embryonic and larval development of Triplophysa angeli[j]. Fisherier Science, 2009, 28(12): [,,, [J], 2009, 28(12): ]

11 4 : 607 Embryonic and post-embryonic development of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) CHEN Sheng ao 1, SONG Yong 1, NIU Yujuan 1, 2, LIU Jieya 1, 2, XIE Congxin 2, REN Daoquan 1, FAN Zhenming 3 1. Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction Group; College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar , China; 2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , China; 3. Fisheries Technology Extension Station, Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Urumqi , China Abstract: This study determined the embryonic and post-embryonic development of the fish [Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day)]. The morphological and ecological traits in each development phase were described in detail using a microscope fitted with a digital camera. The fertilized eggs of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day) are viscous and ovoid, with a diameter of (0.60±0.052) mm ( x ±SE). Embryonic development lasted 65 h and 34 min when incubated at a water temperature of (20.0±1.0) and was categorized into seven physiological stages. Post-embryonic development was divided into a larval, a juvenile, and a growth stage based on morphological variation in the yolk sac, gas bladder, scales, body color, and barbels. Newly-hatched larvae reached an average length of (2.0±0.65) mm ( x ±SE). At a water temperature of (20±1), the yolk sac was completely absorbed 7 days after fertilization. After 16 d s maintained temperature, the gas bladder drum at the rear edge of the gill cover had grown to a visible size, the body color had deepened, and the red pigment of the heart was discernible, indicating that Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis had moved from the larval to the juvenile life stage. During the juvenile stage, individuals reached an average length of (8.0±0.45) mm ( x ±SE). Juveniles developed sequentially, growing scales, completing development of the peritoneum, and metamorphosing into young fish at 30 d. Young fish reached an average length of (13.0±0.55) mm ( x ±SE). The yolk-sac relationship the day after hatching was: L Y =0.0286D D (R 2 =0.9050); L Y = 1.315L T (R 2 =0.8199); L T = D D (R 2 =0.9890). This study advances knowledge of the early stages of seed breeding of Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis. Key words: Triplophysa (Hedinichthys) yarkandensis (Day); embryonic development; post-embryonic development Corresponding author: XIE Congxin. xiecongxin@mail.hzau.edu.cn

3 : 425 (MS2222),4h, Photoshop ,,,,, [12 ], b,, b, 2 211,( ) mm( n = 6), ( ) mm ( n = 36),,, , 10, (: ) (E

3 : 425 (MS2222),4h, Photoshop ,,,,, [12 ], b,, b, 2 211,( ) mm( n = 6), ( ) mm ( n = 36),,, , 10, (: ) (E 32 3 Vol. 32,No. 3 2 0 0 8 5 ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA May, 2 0 0 8 1 1,2 1 1 (11, 430072 ;21, 430079 ) EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF L EPTURICHTHYS FIMBRIATA ( GΒNTHER) (CYPRINIFORMES :BALITORIDAE) XIONG Yu2Yu