hin J Stroke, Mar 2014, Vol 9, No.3 E

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11 1 lexandrov V, Sloan M, Tegeler H, et al. Practice standards for transcranial oppler (T) ultrasound. Part II. linical indications and expected outcomes[j]. J Neuroimaging, 2012, 22: Rubiera M, ava L, Tsivgoulis G, et al. iagnostic criteria and yield of real-time transcranial oppler monitoring of intra-arterial reperfusion procedures[j]. Stroke, 2010, 41: encetti S, ultrera. Transcranial oppler Ultrasonography in Intensive are[m]. Milan:Springer, 2012: Heliopoulos I, Papaoiakim M, Tsivgoulis G, et al. ommon carotid intima media thickness as a marker of clinical severity in patients with symptomatic extracranial carotid artery stenosis[j]. lin Neurol Neurosurg, 2009, 111: eebe HG, Salles-unha SX, Scissons RP, et al. arotid arterial ultrasound scan imaging: direct approach to stenosis measurement[j]. J Vasc Surg, 1999, 29: Stein JH, Korcarz E, Hurst RT, et al. Use of carotid ultrasound to identify subclinical vascular disease and evaluate cardiovascular disease risk: consensus statement from the merican Society of Echocardiography arotid Intima-Media Thickness Task Force Endorsed by the Society for Vascular Medicine[J]. J m Soc Echocardiogr, 2008, 21: ndrei V, Michael, Lawrence KS, et al. Practice standards for transcranial oppler ultrasound:part 1 -test performance[j]. J Neuroimaging, 2007, 17: emchuk M, hristou I, Wein TH, et al. ccuracy and criteria for localizing arterial occlusion with transcranial oppler[j]. J Neuroimaging, 2000, 10: rkuszewski M, Swiat M, Hurst RW, et al. Vertebral and basilar arteries:transcranial color-coded uplex ultrasonography versus conventional T in detection of narrowings[j]. Neuroradiol J, 2012, 25: burahma F. ergan JJ Noninvasive Vascular iagnosis: Practical Guide to Therapy[M]. Milan:Springer, 2000: de Riva N, udohoski KP, Smielewski P, et al. Transcranial oppler pulsatility index:what it is and what it isn't[j]. Neurocrit are, 2012, 17: Wilterdink JL, Feldmann E, Furie KL, et al.

12 hin J Stroke, Mar 2014, Vol 9, No.3 Transcranial oppler ultrasound battery reliably identifies severe internal carotid artery stenosis[j]. Stroke, 1997, 28: Spencer MP, Reid JM. Quantitation of carotid stenosis with continuous-wave (W) oppler ultrasound[j]. Stroke, 1979, 10: each KW, ergelin RO, Leotta F, et al. Standardized ultrasound evaluation of carotid stenosis for clinical trials:university of Washington Ultrasound Reading enter[j]. ardiovasc Ultrasound, 2010, 8: Gaunt ME, Martin PJ, Smith JL, et al. linical relevance of intraoperative embolization detected by transcranial oppler ultrasonography during carotid endarterectomy:a prospective study of 100 patients[j]. r J Surg, 1994, 81: Gunning J, Pickering GW, Robb-Smith HT, et al. Mural thrombosis of the internal carotid artery and subsequent embolism[j]. Q J Med, 1964, 33: Markus HS, King, Shipley M, et al. symptomatic embolisation for prediction of stroke in the symptomatic arotid Emboli Study (ES):a prospective observational study[j]. Lancet Neurol, 2010, 9: onsensus ommittee of the Ninth International erebral Hemodynamic Symposium. asic identification criteria of oppler microembolic signals[j]. Stroke, 1995, 26: ,,,. [J]., 2008, 5: ,,,. [J]., 2008, 28: Kaps M, amian MS, Teschendorf U, et al. Transcranial oppler ultrasound findings in middle cerebral artery occlusion[j]. Stroke, 1990, 21: [J]., 2010, 5: ,. [M]. :, 2012: Widder, Paulat K, Hackspacher J, et al. Morphological characterization of carotid artery stenoses by ultrasound duplex scanning[j]. Ultrasound Med iol, 1990, 16: Jahromi S, inà S, Liu Y, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of color duplex ultrasound measurement in the estimation of internal carotid artery stenosis:a systematic review and meta-analysis[j]. J Vasc Surg, 2005, 41: Grønholdt ML, Nordestgaard G, entzon J, et al. Macrophages are associated with lipid-rich carotid artery plaques, echolucency on -mode imaging, and elevated plasma lipid levels[j]. J Vasc Surg, 2002, 35: El-arghouty NM, Levine T, Ladva S, et al. Histological verification of computerised carotid plaque characterisation[j]. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 1996, 11: Grønholdt ML, Wiebe M, Laursen H, et al. Lipidrich carotid artery plaques appear echolucent on ultrasound -mode images and may be associated with intraplaque haemorrhage[j]. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 1997, 14: ,,. T [J]., 2011, 21: Vicenzini E, Toscano M, Maestrini I, et al. Predictors and timing of recanalization in intracranial carotid artery and siphon dissection:n ultrasound follow-up study[j]. erebrovasc is, 2013, 35:

357 P <. 5. TCD findings revealed that the contralateral vertebral artery systolic blood flow velocities in patients with phase Ⅰ Ⅱ and Ⅲ steal groups

357 P <. 5. TCD findings revealed that the contralateral vertebral artery systolic blood flow velocities in patients with phase Ⅰ Ⅱ and Ⅲ steal groups 356 TCD 212 3 215 4 TCD 45 TCD 8 Ⅰ 21 Ⅱ 11 Ⅲ 5 4 45 6 2 Ⅰ 12 9 Ⅱ 3 7 1 Ⅲ 3 2 r =. 78 P