作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2014, 40(11): ISSN ; CODEN TSHPA9 DOI: 10.

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2014, 40(11): ISSN ; CODEN TSHPA9 DOI: 10."

尝柑臧
4 years ago
Views:

1 作物学报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 204, 40(): ISSN ; CODEN TSHPA9 DOI: /SP.J 施氮方式对玉米 - 大豆套作体系中作物产量及玉米籽粒灌浆特性的影响董茜杨文钰,* 雍太文,* 刘小明刘文钰徐婷宋春,2 王小春 /, 630; 2, 630 :,,,, -, 36% () 8% (RN8%) (CN) 3 0 cm (D) 5 cm (D2) 30 cm (D3) 45 cm (D4) 4,, 8% 22.65% 8.75% 5.90%, 9.79% 0.76%; 4.95% 7.07% 5.35%;, 5~30 cm 8%, D2 (D) 0.32% 0.92% 9.08% 4.75%; -, 8% 5~30 cm,,,,, : -; ; ; ; Effect of Nitrogen Application Methods on Crop Yield and Grain Filling Characteristics of Maize in Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping System DONG Qian, YONG Tai-Wen,*, LIU Xiao-Ming, LIU Wen-Yu, XU Ting, SONG Chun,2, WANG Xiao-Chun, and YANG Wen-Yu,* College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 630, China; 2 Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 630, China Abstract: Nitrogen fertilizer overused and low use efficiency in agricultural system leads to wasting resources and environment pollution, which is unfavorable for the sustainable agricultural production. In order to improve the nitrogen use efficiency in maize-soybean intercropping system, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different N application rates and distances on dry matter accumulation and translocation during post-anthesis and grain filling of maize, and the total crop yield in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system. The experiment included three N application rates [20, 270, and 330 kg N ha, which represent reduced 36% (), 8% (RN8%), and conventional N application amount (CN), respectively] and four fertilizer application locations [the N fertilizer was applied in the area between the maize and soybean plant rows, the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows was 0 cm (D), 5 cm (D2), 30 cm (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively]. The results showed that, compared with CN, dry matter translocation amount and rate, and its contribution to grain yield during maize post-anthesis in the RN8% treatment increased by 22.65%, 8.75%, and 5.90%, respectively, the average filling rate and the maximal filling rate of maize increased by 9.79% and 0.76%, the grain yield of maize, soybean and total crop yield in the maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system increased by 4.95%, 7.07%, and 5.35%, respectively. The fertilizer (327669, 32069)()( ) * (Corresponding authors):, scndytw@qq.com;, wenyu.yang@263.net : Received(): ; Accepted(): ; Published online(): URL:

2 : application locations significantly affected the dry matter accumulation and contribution to grain yield during maize post-anthesis. The fertilizer effect was optimal when the fertilizer application distance was between 5 and 30 cm. With the reduced 8% N application, the average filling rate, the maximal filling rate, grain number per spike and 00-kernel weight of maize in the treatment of D2 were increased by 0.32%, 0.92%, 9.08%, and 4.75%, respectively, compared with the treatment of D. The maximal grain yields of maize and soybean in this maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system were observed in the treatment of RN8% and D2. It is concluded that reduced N application rate (RN8%) and properly N application locations (5 30 cm to maize row) could promote the dry matter accumulation and translocation during maize post-anthesis, increase the maize grain filling rate, grain number per spike and 00-kernel weight, which could further improve the total grain yield of maize and soybean in this intercropping system. Keywords: Maize-soybean relay strip intercropping; Reduction of N application; Dry matter accumulation and translocation; Grain filling; Yield,,, 26%~28% ( 45%) [],,, [2],, [3],,,, [3] [4] [5] [6] [7],,, [8-9], - Willey [3] Oljaca [4], 38% 54%; West [5] Ghafarzadeh [6], -, ; Kushwaha [7], ; [8], / / 5 N 25.6% -,, [9],,,,,,,,,, [20-2],, - -,,, - 材料与方法. (Zea mays L.) 48, ; (Glycine max L.) 2, () -,, (20 kg N hm 2, 36%) RN8% (270 kg N hm 2, 8%) CN (330 kg N hm 2, );, D ( 0 cm) D2 ( 5 cm) D3 ( 30 cm) D4 ( 45 cm), ; 2, 3 3, 6 m 2 m, 36 m 2 (, 4 ) ( ), 60 cm, 40 cm, 2, 40 cm, 60 cm, 9 cm,, 5.25 hm 2, 2, 0.5 hm 2, ( 20 kg N hm 2 )(-90 kg N hm 2 RN8%-50 kg N hm 2 CN-20 kg N hm 2 ),, P 2 O 5 05 kg hm 2 K 2 O 2.5 kg hm 2 ;

2030 40 Fig. 图玉米 - 大豆带状套作模式示意图及施肥位点 Diagrammatic sketch of maize-soybean relay strip intercropping and fertilizer application sites D~D4 4 indicate four fertilizer application sites.

3 Fig. 图玉米 - 大豆带状套作模式示意图及施肥位点 Diagrammatic sketch of maize-soybean relay strip intercropping and fertilizer application sites D~D4 4 indicate four fertilizer application sites., P 2 O 5 63 kg hm 2 K 2 O 52.5 kg hm , 8 3 ; 6 6, 0 27 ; , 7 29 ; 6 4,.3.3. 玉米花后干物质积累,, 2 2,, (++), min, 80, [2] (PDMA, kg hm 2 )= ; (DMT, kg hm 2 )= ; (DMTE, %)=/ 00%; (DMTC, %)= / 00%.3.2 玉米籽粒灌浆过程, 5, 0 d, 5 4, 00 [22], min, 80,, 玉米籽粒灌浆特征参数的计算 [23], f(x) = ax 3 +bx 2 +cx+d,.3.4 玉米大豆产量调查, 2 2 m 2, 0,.4 SPSS3.0 Microsoft Excel 2007 DPS7.05, LSD, α= 结果与分析产量,, RN8%, RN8% CN 4.95% 7.07%, D2 D3, 5~30 cm,, RN8%, D2, (D) 4.93%; 202 D3, 203 D2, (D4) 3.77% 20.25%, RN8%, CN 5.35%; 5~30 cm,, 8%, D2 D D4 8.26% 7.42%

4 : - 203

5 产量构成因素 2,, RN8%, CN.55% 2.74%;, 5~30 cm,, 8%, D2, D 9.08% 4.75% ( 3), RN8%, 2 CN 6.97%;, 202,,, D2 D3 D4 ; 203, D2, D4.47%,, 5~30 cm,, 8%, D2, D4 2.37% 2.2 (HI) ( 4), RN8%, D2,, 8%, 5 cm, , RN8%, CN.45%, D2 D3,, 8%, D2 D 8.29%,, RN8% Table 2 表 2 不同施氮量与施肥距离下的玉米产量构成因素 Yield components of maize under different N application rates and distances Effective plants (plants hm 2 ) Grains per spike (grains spike ) 00-grain weight (g) 36% 8% 36% 8% 36% 8% Treatment RN8% CN Mean RN8% CN Mean RN8% CN Mean 202 D a a a a a b a ab 27.5 ab ab b b D a a 5000 a a a a a a a a a a D a a a 4930 a a b a ab 27.3 ab 28.8 ab a 27.6 a D a 4968 a a 4875 a a b a b b b a b Mean a 4969 a a a a a ab a 27.0 b.77 NS 0.92 NS 0.72 NS.8 NS 2.25 *.47 NS 6.7 ** 6.7 **.86 NS 203 D a a a a 6.44 a a a b ab b a b D a 4967 a a 486 a a a a a a a a a D a 4967 a a a a a a ab ab 28.9 ab 27.9 a a D a a 4797 a a 6.28 a 65. a a b b b a b Mean 4802 a a 4825 a 69.8 a a a b a ab 2.53 NS 0.40 NS 0.40 NS 0.5 NS 2.6 * 0.07 NS 5.95 ** 6.64 ** NS D~D4: cm N: ; D: ; N D: 3, 0.05 NS, * ** : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D),5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively; N: nitrogen application rate; D: nitrogen application distance; N D: interaction. Data are the averages of three replicates. Values followed by a different letter within each column are significantly different at 0.05 probability level. The values within the mean column of row are compared by LSD, by ANOVA. NS indicates no significance, * and ** indicate significantly different at 0.05 and 0.0 probability levels, respectively.

6 : Table 3 表 3 不同施氮量与施肥距离下的大豆产量构成因素 Yield components of soybean under different N application rates and distances Effective plants (plants hm 2 ) grains per plant (Grains plant ) 00-grain weight (g) 36% 8% 36% 8% 36% 8% Treatment RN8% CN Mean RN8% CN Mean RN8% CN Mean 202 D 8330 a a a a 82.4 b b b b 8.68 a 9.47 b 9.50 b 9.2 b D a a 8330 a 8380 a b ab a a 8.50 a 20.9 a 20.5 a 9.73 a D a a a a ab 2.25 a 96.0 ab a 8.83 a 20.8 a a 9.89 a D a a a a 0.85 a ab 0.58 a 0.09 a 8.76 a 9.9 ab 9.55 b 9.4 b Mean a a a b a ab 8.69 b 9.94 a a F-value 203 N D N D N D N D N D N D 0.37 NS 0. NS.20 NS 2.80 * 6.0 **.56 NS ** 2.7 ** 5.9 ** D a a a 8944 a 0.85 b c b c 9.4 b 9.34 b 9.3 b 9.26 b D a 8667 a a 8944 a.70 ab 5.78 a 37.4 a a 9.73 ab a a a D a a a a 8.96 a 4.24 a 3.86 a a a a a a D a a a a 22.0 a b b 9.88 b 9.9 b 20.9 a 9.53 b 9.64 b Mean a a a 3.75 c 3.3 a b 9.60 b a 9.9 ab 0.07 NS 0.59 NS 0.96 NS 9.43 ** ** 6.37 ** 6.73 ** 5.0 **.06 NS D~D4: cm N: ; D: ; N D: 3, 0.05 NS, * ** : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D),5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively; N: nitrogen application rate; D: nitrogen application distance; N D: interaction. Data are the averages of three replicates. Values followed by a different letter within each column are significantly different at 0.05 probability level. The values within the mean column of row are compared by LSD, by ANOVA. NS indicates no significance, * and ** indicate significantly different at 0.05 and 0.0 probability levels, respectively. CN 0.87%, D2 D.3% ( 5),, RN8%, CN 22.65% 8.75% 5.90%; D2 D3 8%, D2 D 80.85% 68.08% 57.05% 玉米籽粒干物质积累的拟合方程 [22-23], (t), (y), f(x) = ax 3 +bx 2 +cx+d ( 6) ~0.9977,,, 玉米籽粒灌浆特征参数 7, RN8% (V) (V max ) CN, (S)(Se) CN, RN8% V V max CN 9.79% 0.76%, 5~30 cm 8%, 5 cm (D2) (V) (V max ), D 0.32% 0.92% 2.4 8,, 0.550

7 Treatment 36% 表 4 玉米经济系数及花后干物质积累情况 Table 4 Harvest index, post-anthesis dry matter accumulation of maize HI PDMA(kg hm 2 ) of total DM (%) 8% RN8% CN Mean 36% 8% RN8% CN Mean 36% 8% RN8% CN 202 D 0.50 ab 0.5 b 0.50 a 0.50 b a b b b 5.24 a ab ab 50.8 ab D2 0.5 ab 0.55 a 0.52 a 0.53 a a a ab a ab a b 50.2 ab D a 0.53 ab 0.52 a 0.52 a a bc a b b b 5.68 ab 49.6 b D b 0.50 b 0.5 a 0.50 b a c ab b a 50.4 ab 5.80 a 5.04 a Mean 0.50 b 0.52 a 0.5 ab b a a 50.0 a a a 4.87 ** 6.59 ** 0.95 NS 4.97 ** 6.0 ** 8.40 **.63 NS 2.3 NS 2.93 * 203 D 0.50 a 0.5 b 0.50 b 0.50 b b b ab 82.6 b a a 53.0 a a D a 0.53 a 0.52 a 0.52 a a a a a 5.94 b 5.36 b 5.4 b 5.57 b D a 0.53 a 0.5 ab 0.5 ab a a ab a 5.6 b 5.29 b 5.36 b 5.42 b D a 0.5 b 0.50 b 0.50 b 77.3 c b 87.7 b b 52.4 b 53.0 a a a Mean 0.50 c 0.52 a 0.5 b 8.4 c a b 52.5 a 52. a 52.4 a 8.8 ** 7.23 **.8 NS ** ** 4.84 ** 0.0 NS 2.43 ** 2.64 * D~D4: cm N: ; D: ; N D: HI: ; PDMA: ; DM: 3, 0.05 NS, * ** : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D), 5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively; N: nitrogen application rate; D: nitrogen application distance; N D: interaction. HI: harvest index; PDMA: post-anthesis dry matter accumulation amount; DM: dry matter accumulation amount. Data are the averages of three replicates. Values followed by a different letter within each column are significantly different at 0.05 probability level. The values within the mean column of row are compared by LSD, by ANOVA. NS indicates no significance, * and ** indicate significantly different at 0.05 and 0.0 probability levels, respectively. Treatment 36% 表 5 玉米花后干物质转移情况 Table 5 Post-anthesis dry matter translocation of maize DMT (kg hm 2 ) DMTE (%) DMTC (%) 8% RN8% CN Mean 36% 8% RN8% CN Mean 36% Mean 8% RN8% CN Mean 202 D b c b b 8.8 b.70 b 9.24 b 9.7 b 6.55 b 9.35 b 7.27 b 7.72 b D a 22.8 a a a 3.47 a 8.63 a 4.7 a 5.60 a 0.93 a 3.65 a.7 a 2.06 a D a b a a 3.9 a 6.94 a 4.09 a 4.98 a.36 a 3.83 a 0.99 a.92 a D b d b c 6.94 b 9.97 b 9.52 b 8.8 b 5.79 b 7.97 b 7.37 b 7.04 b Mean c a b 0.62 c 4.3 a.89 b 8.66 b.20 a 9.20 b 2.75 ** 3.63 ** 6.39 ** ** 54.0 **.66 NS 8.80 ** ** 0.36 NS 203 D 436. b c c c 7.42 b 0.54 b 0.27 b 9.4 b 5.83 b 7.95 b 8.06 b 7.28 b D a a 9.20 a a 3.59 a 8.75 a 3.97 a 5.44 a 0.63 a 3.52 a 0.73 a.63 a D a 84.8 b b b 3.33 a 8.22 a 3.59 a 5.05 a 0.59 a 3.42 a 0.88 a.63 a D b d d c 7.7 b 9.77 b.06 b 9.33 b 5.84 b 7.47 b 8.73 b 7.35 b Mean c a b 0.38 c 4.32 a 2.22 b 8.22 c 0.59 a 9.60 b 7.3 * 8.25 ** 75.3 ** 6.49 * 4.42 ** ** 3.0 ** 43.0 ** 2.4 * D~D4: cm N: ; D: ; N D: DMT: ; DMTE: ; DMTC: 3, 0.05 NS, * ** : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D), 5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively; N: nitrogen application rate; D: nitrogen application distance; N D: interaction. DMT: dry matter transfer amount; DMTE: dry matter translocation efficiency; DMTC: contribution of dry matter transfer amount to grain. Data are the averages of three replicates. Values followed by a different letter within each column are significantly different at 0.05 probability level. The values within the mean column of row are compared by LSD, by ANOVA. NS indicates no significance, * and ** indicate significantly different at 0.05 and 0.0 probability levels, respectively.

8 : Table 6 N application rate 36% 8% RN8% CN 表 6 不同施氮量与施肥距离下玉米籽粒灌浆进程的曲线模拟 Simulative equation of grain filling process of maize under different N application rates and distances (R²) N application distance Simulative equation Determination coefficient D y = x x x ** D2 y = x x x ** D3 y = x x x ** D4 y = x x x ** D y = x x x ** D2 y = x x x ** D3 y = x x x ** D4 y = x x x ** D y = x x x ** D2 y = x x x ** D3 y = x x x ** D4 y = x x x ** D~D4: cm ** : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D), 5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively. ** means extremely significant correlation. 表 7 不同施氮量与施肥距离下的玉米籽粒灌浆特征参数 Table 7 Grain-filling parameters under different N application rates and distances N application rate 36% 8% RN8% CN Mean The parameters of grain filling characteristics N application S Se T V max V M distance (d) (d) (d) (mg grain d ) (mg grain d ) (g 00-grain weight ) D a a 26.6 a 9.74 b 6.48 b 4.60 ab D a a ab 0.75 a 7. a 5.65 a D a a 24. b 8.37 c 5.58 c.78 b D a a ab 8.39 bc 5.62 bc 2.96 ab D ab ab b 9.80 b 6.49 c 3.57 a D b b b 0.87 a 7.6 a 4.77 a D b b 24.7 b 0.28 a 6.77 ab 3.55 a D a a a 9.8 b 6.50 bc 4.66 a D a a a 8.48 b 5.68 b 3.6 a D a 42.0 a 25.9 a 0.30 a 6.82 a 4.77 a D a a a 9.57 a 6.37 a 4.28 a D a 44.5 a 26.3 a 8.43 b 5.65 b 3.0 a D ab ab ab 9.34 bc 6.22 bc 3.78 a D b 4.92 b ab 0.64 a 7.03 a 5.06 a D b 4.5 b b 9.4 b 6.24 b 3.20 a D a a a 8.88 c 5.92 c 3.57 a a 43.0 a a 9.3 b 6.20 b 3.75 a RN8% b 4.27 b a 0.9 a 6.73 a 4.4 a CN a a a 9.20 b 6.3 b 3.83 a D~D4: cm S: ; Se: ; T: ; V max : ; V: ; M: 0.05 (LSD ) : reduced 36% N fertilizer; RN8%: reduced 8% N fertilizer; CN: conventional N application; D D4: the distance from the fertilizer application locations to maize rows were 0 (D), 5 (D2), 30 (D3), and 45 cm (D4), respectively. S: the largest filling duration; Se: effective filling duration; T: days to the maximum grain filling rate; V max : maximum grain filling rate; V: the average grain filling rate; M: the hundred grain weight when reaches the maximum grain filling rate. Values within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P<0.05 (LSD).

9 表 8 相关性分析 Table 8 Correlation analysis R S Se T V max V PDMA DMT DMTE DMTC GN GW YM S Se ** T ** ** V max V ** PDMA * DMT ** ** ** 0.60 ** ** 0.49 ** DMTE ** ** ** ** 0.59 ** ** ** DMTC ** ** 0.44 ** ** ** ** ** GN * ** ** 0.4 * * GW ** ** ** ** 0.45 * YM ** 0.4 * * 0.35 * ** ** 0.64 ** ** ** ** S: ; Se: ; T: ; V max : ; V: ; PDMA: ; DMT: ; DMTE: ; DMTC: ; GN: ; GW: ; YM: * ** S: the largest filling duration; Se: effective filling duration; T: days to the maximum grain filling rate; V max : maximum grain filling rate; V: the average grain filling rate; PDMA: post-anthesis dry matter accumulation amount; DMT: dry matter transfer amount; DMTE: dry matter translocation efficiency; DMTC: contribution of dry matter transfer amount to grain; GN: grain number per ear; GW: 00-grain weight; YM: the yield of maize. * and ** indicate significance of correlation at 0.05 and 0.0 probability levels, respectively ;,, 0.464, 0.496;, , 3 讨论 3. - [24],,,,,,,,,, [22],, 8%;, 5~30 cm, 8%, 5 cm,, -, [25], (), [26] ;,,, [27],, [28],,,, [29],, -, -,, -, 3.2 -, []

10 : ,, [4],, 0% 20% [6], 5.3%, 33.3%,, -,, 8% ; 5~30 cm 8%, 5 cm [8],,,,, [24],, 8% ;, 5~30 cm, 8%, 5 cm, [6],,,, ;, [25-26],,,,, 4 结论, 8% 4.95% 7.07% 5.35% 8%, 0 cm, 5 cm 4.93% 8.26% -, ( 8%, 270 kg km 2 )( 5~30 cm ),,,, References [],,,,,,.., 2008, 45: Zhang F S, Wang J Q, Zhang W F, Cui Z L, Ma W Q, Chen X P, Jiang R F. Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement. Acta Pedol Sin, 2008, 45: (in Chinese with English abstract) [2] Guo J H, Liu X J, Zhang Y, Shen J L, Han W X, Zhang W F, Christie P, Goulding K W T, Vitousek P M, Zhang F S. Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands. Science, 200, 327: [3],,,.., 203, 4(): Li L J, Wang J J, Li D P, Wu P P. Effect of decreasing nitrogen application rate on rice growth and nitrogen use efficiency. J Anhui Agric Sci, 203, 4(): (in Chinese with English abstract) [4],,.., 20, (6): Zou X J, Zhang X, An J W. Effect of reducing and postponing of N application on yield, plant N uptake, utilization and N balance in maize. Soil Fert Sci China, 20, (6): (in Chinese with English abstract) [5],,. -., 2004, 5: Liu X J, Ju X T, Zhang F S. Effect of reduced N application on N utilization and balance in winter wheat summer maize cropping system. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2004, 5: (in Chinese with English abstract) [6],,.., 20, (): 4 6 Han X Z, Zou W X, You M Y. Advance soybean nitrogen fixation by decreasing nitrogen, adding rhizobium and improving soil

11 physical properties. Soybean Sci Technol, 20, (): 4 6 (in Chinese with English abstract) [7] Ruan W B, Ren T, Chen Q, Zhu X, Wang J G. Effects of conventional and reduced N inputs on nematode communities and plant yield under intensive vegetable production. Appl Soil Ecol, 203, 66: [8],,,,,.., 20, 7: Zhan X M, Li T T, Han X R, Zuo D B, Zuo R H, Ye B. Effects of nitrogen fertilization methods on yield, profit and nitrogen absorption and utilization of spring maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 20, 7: (in Chinese with English abstract) [9] Constantin J, Mary B, Laurent F, Aubrion G, Fontaine A, Kerbeillant P, Beaudoin N. Effects of catch crops, no till and reduced nitrogen fertilization on nitrogen leaching and balance in three long-term experiments. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 200, 35: [0] Szumigalski A R, Van Acker R C. Nitrogen yield and land use efficiency in annual sole crops and intercrops. Agron J, 2006, 98: [] Zhang G G, Yang Z B, Dong S T. Interspecific competitiveness affects the total biomass yield in an alfalfa and corn intercropping system. Field Crops Res, 20, 24: [2] Li L, Sun J H, Zhang F S, Li X L, Yang S, Zdenko R. Wheat/maize or wheat/soybean strip intercropping: I. Yield advantage and interspecific interactions on nutrients. Field Crops Res, 200, 7: [3] Willey R W, Osiru D S O. Studies on mixtures of maize and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) with particular reference to plant population. J Agric Sci, 972, 79: [4] Oljaca S, Cvetkovic R, Kovacevic D, Vasic G, Momirovic N. Effect of plant arrangement pattern and irrigation on efficiency of maize (Zea mays) and bean (Phaeolus vulgaris) intercropping system. J Agric Sci (Cambridge), 2000, 35: [5] West T D, Griffith D R. Effect of strip intercropping corn and soybean on yield and profit. J Prod Agric, 992, 5: 07 0 [6] Ghafarzadeh M, Prechac F G, Cruse R M. Grain yield response of corn, soybean, and oat grown in a trip intercropping system. Am Alt Agric, 994, 9: 7 77 [7] Kushwaha H S, Chandel A S. Effect of soybean (Glycine max) intercropping under different nitrogen levels on yield, yield attributes and quality of maize (Zea mays). Indian J Agric Sci, 997, 67: [8],,,,.., 2009, 42: Yong T W, Yang W Y, Ren W J, Fan G Q, Xiang D B. Analysis of the nitrogen transfer, nitrogen uptake and utilization in the two relay-planting systems. Sci Agric Sin, 2009, 42: (in Chinese with English abstract) [9],,,,,.,., 2008, 27(): 7 Yang W Y, Yong T W, Ren W J, Fan G Q, Mou J Y, Lu X L. Develop relay-planting soybean, revitalize soybean industry. Soybean Sci, 2008, 27(): 7 (in Chinese with English abstract) [20] Uhart S A, Andrade F H. Nitrogen deficiency in maize: II. Carbon-nitrogen interaction effects on kernel number and grain yield. Crop Sci, 995, 35: [2],,,.., 2009, 5: Xu X Y, Zhang M M, Zhai B N. Li S X. Effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and translocation of different genotypes of summer maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2009, 5: (in Chinese with English abstract) [22],,,,.., 2009, (2): Wang X C, Yang W Y, Gong J H, Lu X H, Li Y R. Effects of sowing date on grain filling characteristics of maize with different plant types. Crops, 2009, (2): (in Chinese with English abstract) [23],,,,.., 2005, 23(4): 3 8 Xiong S P, Gu Q R, He J G, Ma X M, Li L. The effect of different water treatments on characteristics of wheat grain fill and yield of wheat with specialized end-uses. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2005, 23(4): 3 8 (in Chinese with English abstract) [24],,.., 2005, : Shen L X, Wang P, Zhang R B. Effect of nitrogen supply on yield and grain filling in summer maize with different crop density. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2005, : (in Chinese with English abstract) [25],,,,. //., 202, 2(): Yong T W, Yang W Y, Xiang D B, Chen X R, Wan Y. Production and N nutrient performance of wheat-maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system and evaluation of interspecies competition. Acta Pratacult Sin, 202, 2(): (in Chinese with English abstract) [26],,,,,. // //., 202, 38: Yong T W, Yang W Y, Xiang D B, Wan Y, Liu W G, Wang X C. Effect of wheat/maize/soybean and wheat/maize/sweet potato relay strip intercropping on soil nitrogen content and nitrogen transfer. Acta Agron Sin, 202, 38: (in Chinese with English abstract) [27],,,.., 2004, 3: Shen H, Yang C Y, Fan X W, Yan X L. Mobilization of sparingly soluble phosphates by root exudates and root cell wall of soybean seedlings. Ecol Environ, 2004, 3: (in Chinese with English abstract) [28],,.., 2009, 5: Li W J, He P, Jin J Y. Potassium nutrition on dry matter and nutrients accumulation and translocation at reproductive stage of

12 : maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2009, 5: (in Chinese with English abstract) [29],,,,,,,. -., 204, 25: Yong T W, Liu X M, Liu W Y, Su B Y, Song C, Yang F, Wang X C, Yang W Y. Effect of reduced N application on yield and nutrient uptake and utilization in maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system. Chin J Appl Ecol, 204, 25: (in Chinese with English abstract) 欢迎订阅 205 年华北农学报 986,,,, (CSCD ) RCCSE (A+) 20 2, : 20, CN 3-0/S, ISSN , 28, 6, 240, 2, : 8-0, : 598, : 598, : : hbnxb@63.com :

5月15期

5月15期中国农学通报 2012,28(15):106-111 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 旱地小麦休闲期不同耕作措施对土壤水分蓄纳利用与产量形成的影响贺立恒, 高志强, 孙敏, 李青 ( 山西农业大学农学院, 山西太谷 030801) 摘要 : 为了提