学员专用请勿外泄 2019 年山东菏泽教师招聘英语笔试重要分析预测知识点 1 情态动词 (1)may/might 否定回答时可用 can t 或 mustn t, 表示不可以, 禁止 (2)must 表示必须一定, 否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to, 表示不必

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2019 年山东菏泽教师招聘英语笔试重要分析预测知识点 1 情态动词 (1)may/might 否定回答时可用 can t 或 mustn t, 表示不可以, 禁止 (2)must 表示必须一定, 否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to, 表示不必 (3)dare 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句否定句和条件从句中, 过去式为 dared

she ride a bike? Yes, and she ride a bike when she was only six years old. A. Could;Can;could B. Can;Can;may C. Can;Could;might D. Could;Could;must 答案 A 解析 : 考查情态动词句意 : 吴老师, 我可以带上我的表妹雪丽和我们一起去吗?

1 2019 年山东菏泽教师招聘英语笔试重要分析预测知识点 1 情态动词 (1)may/might 否定回答时可用 can t 或 mustn t, 表示不可以, 禁止 (2)must 表示必须一定, 否定回答用 needn t 或 don t have to, 表示不必 (3)dare 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句否定句和条件从句中, 过去式为 dared (4)can/could+have done 表示本来可以做而实际上没能做某事 should have done 表示本应该做而实际上没有做某事 needn t have done 表示本来不必做而实际上做了某事预测演练 I take my cousin Shirley with us,mr Wu? Yes, but we ll get there by bike. she ride a bike? Yes, and she ride a bike when she was only six years old. A. Could;Can;could B. Can;Can;may C. Can;Could;might D. Could;Could;must 答案 A 解析 : 考查情态动词句意 : 吴老师, 我可以带上我的表妹雪丽和我们一起去吗? 可以但是我们将骑车去那里, 她会骑车吗? 会她只有六岁的时候就会骑车了根据语境可知, 第一句表示请求许可, 应用 could 表示委婉的语气 ; 第二句表示的是现在的一种能力, 应用 can; 第三句叙述的是过去的事实, 应用一般过去时结合选项可知应选 A 预测知识点 2 非谓语动词作定语的区别 1. 不定式作定语 (1) 不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作, 完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前 She is always the first(one)to come and the last to leave. (2) 如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系, 在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词 Let s first find a room to live in/put the things in. We have nothing to worry about.(=there is nothing for us to worry about.) 2. -ing 分词作定语 (1)-ing 分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行, 否则, 要用从句作定语 Do you know the boy talking(=who is talking)to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting(=who was sitting)at this desk yesterday? The man shaking(=who is now shaking)hands with Mr.Li visited our class yesterday. 比较 : 误 :He is the man visiting our class yesterday. 正 :He is the man who visited our class yesterday. (2) 单个的 -ing 分词作定语一般前置, 说明名词的性质特征或用途等,-ing 短语作定语一般后置 ; 强调动作的单个 -ing 分词也常后置例 : a sleeping car(=a car for sleeping) 1

2 a sleeping child(=a child who is sleeping) the boy standing there(=the boy who is standing there) The girl singing is my classmate. 3. -ed 分词作定语 -ed 分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成的动作,-ing 分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作,-ing 分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作例 : a developed/developing country He is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 4. 像定语从句一样, 分词作定语也有非限制性的, 其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句 The students,wearing their school uniforms,marched into the playground. The substance,discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 预测演练 The lecture, telescopes. at 7:00 p.m.late night,was followed by an observation of the moon with A. starting B. being started C. to start D. to be started 答案 A 解析 : 考查非谓语动词句意 : 报告于昨晚七点开始, 报告之后便是用望远镜观察月球 start 在此用作不及物动词 ( 就像 Classes start at 8 8 点开始上课一样 ), 瞬间动词的现在分词作定语表完成意义或将来意义故选 A 预测知识点 3 定语从句定语从句起了形容词的作用, 在句中修饰一个名词或代词被修饰的词叫作先行词, 引导定语从句的词叫关系词, 它的作用 : 一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用 ; 二是在从句中担当一个成分, 并与先行词保持数的一致 1. 关系代词的用法 (1) 作主语用 who,which 和 that 例: He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. (2) 作宾语用 whom,who,which,that 例: The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book(which/that)i bought last week? (3) 作定语用 whose 例: He is the man whose car was stolen last week. It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. (4) 作表语只用 that, 它既可以指人, 也可以指物, 但时常省略例 : He is no longer the man that he used to be. This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used to be. 2. 关系副词 (1) 关系副词的用法 1when 指时间, 在从句中作时间状语, 它的先行词通常有 : time,day,morning,night,week,year 例 :I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 2where 指地点, 在从句中作地点状语, 它的先行词通常有 : 2

3 place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country 等例 :This is the hotel where they are staying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived. 3why 指原因或理由, 它的先行词只有 : reason 例 :That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. (2) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点 : 1 三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词 +which 结构 : when=on(in,at,during )+which; where=in(at,on )+which; why=for which. 例 :I was in Beijing on the day when(=on which)he arrived. The office where(=in which)he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why(=for which)we did it. 2 当先行词是表时间的 time,day 等和表地点的 place,house 等时, 一定要注意分析从句的结构, 如果缺少主语或宾语时, 关系词应该用 which 或 that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时, 才能用 when 或 where, 试比较 : I ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3when 和 where 既可以引导限制性定语从句, 也可以引导非限制性定语从句而 why 只能引导限制性定语从句 3. 连接词只用 that 的情况 (1) 先行词为 all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much 等不定代词 (2) 先行词被 all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few 等修饰时 (3) 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 (4) 先行词既指人又指物时 (5) 先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时 (6) 句中已经用 who 或 which 时, 为了避免重复 4. 连接词只用 which/who/whom 的情况 (1) 在非限制性定语从句中, 只能用 which 指代物, 用 who/whom 指人 (2) 在由介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句中, 只能用 which 指物 ( 介词 +which 一般在定语从句中分别作时间地点原因状语, 于是介词 +which 可以分别用 when/where/why 代替 ), whom 指人 (3) 先行词本身是 that 时, 关系词用 which, 先行词为 those/one/he 时多用 who 5. 定语从句注意事项 (1)whose 的先行词指物时, 可用 of which 代替, 但词序不同, 即 whose+ 名词 =the+n.+of which=of which+the+n. He lives in the room whose window faces south. =He lives in the room,the window of which faces south. =He lives in the room,of which the window faces south. (2) 当 point,situation,case,condition,stage( 阶段 ) 等词作先行词表示情况境地场合等意思时, 用 where 引导定语从句,where 在句中作状语例 : 3

4 略例 : I ve come to the point where I can t stand him. (3) 先行词是 the way, 意为方式, 方法时, 引导定语从句的关系词用 that/in which 或省 I didn t like the way(that/in which)she talked to me. 预测演练 Care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 答案 D 解析 : 考查定语从句关系代词句意 : 心灵的护理是一个逐渐的过程, 在这个过程中, 甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑 in which 引导非限制性定语从句,which 代前面的 process 故选 D 预测知识点 4 倒装的用法 1. 谓语的全部或部分 ( 助动词或情态动词 ) 放在主语之前的现象称为倒装种类倒装条件例句 here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away Out rushed the children. 等副词开头的句子表示强调完全 Under the tree stood two tables and 倒装表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首 four chairs. 强调表语, 置于句首, 或为保持句子平衡 Present at the meeting were 1,000 students. never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not until,not 等表示否定意义的副词放于句首 Hardly did I know what had happened. only 和修饰的状语放于句首 Only then did he realize the importance of English. not only but also 连接并列的句子, 前倒后不倒 Not only does he know French,but also he is expert at it. neither nor 连接并列的句子, 前后都倒 Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it. 装部分 so that,such that 中的 so 或 such 及修饰 So busy is he that he cannot go on 倒装的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 a holiday. as 引导的让步状语, 把需要强调的部分提前 ( 如名词动词形容词副词 ), 然后 Child as he is,he has learned a lot. 再加陈述句的其他部分 so,neither 或 nor 表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事 He can play the piano.so can I. 用于表示祝愿的祈使句中 May you be in good health! 省略 if 的虚拟条件 Were I you,i would not do it in this way. 2. so/nor/neither+ 助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词 + 主语与 so/nor/neither+ 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词 (1) so/nor/neither+ 助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词 + 主语表示前面说过的情况也适用于另一个人或物时要部分倒装例 : Peter can t answer the question.neither can I. (2) so/nor/neither+ 主语 + 助动词 / 情态动词 / 系动词表示确实, 仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和例 : The lights are still on in the classroom.you must have forgotten to turn them off. 4

5 So I did. 预测演练, she does get angry with him sometimes. A. Although much she loves her husband B. Much although she loves her husband C.As she loves her husband D. Much as she loves her husband 答案 D 解析 : 考查倒装句句意 : 尽管她爱她的丈夫, 她确实有时候和他生气 as 尽管, 句子用部分倒装,much as she loves her husband=though she loves her husband much 故选 D 预测知识点 5 if 引导的虚拟条件句的结构与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反预测演练 If he, he that food. 条件从句结构 If+ 主语 + 动词过去式 (be 动词用 were) If+ 主语 +had+ 过去分词 If+ 主语 + 动词过去式 If+ 主语 +were to+ 动词原形 If+ 主语 +should+ 动词原形 Luckily, he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned;would not take B. had been warned;would not have taken C. would be warned;had not taken D. would have been warned;had not taken 主句结构主语 +should/would/could/might+ 动词原形主语 +should/would/could/might+hav e+ 过去分词主语 +should/would/could/might+ 动词原形答案 B 解析 : 考查虚拟语气虚拟语气用于状语从句中, 与过去事实相反的假设 :If+ 主语 +had+ 过去分词, 主句主语 +should/would/could/might have+ 过去分词本句意思是 : 如果他被警告过了, 他就不会再吃那些食物了幸运的是他被及时送往了医院故选 B 预测知识点 6 完形填空 1. 词汇角度 (1) 考查固定搭配或习惯用语 (2) 词义辨析 (3) 根据生活常识及文化背景知识选词 (4) 词语复现 (5) 词语同现 2. 语法角度从语法的角度考查考生对文章的理解, 这要求语法基础知识扎实, 由于语法项目较多, 在此列举其中考查较为频繁的语法点 3. 逻辑角度从逻辑的角度考查考生对于上下文逻辑关系的理解, 要求学生理清文章脉络, 把握常见的逻辑关系引导词 4. 语篇角度从语篇的角度主要考查考生对于上下文语境的理解, 更多地关注语篇内容, 在语境中做题 5

6 预测演练 As I held my father s hands one night, I couldn t help but notice their calluses ( 老茧 ) and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a 1, including all his struggles. One summer, I remember, a drought ( 旱灾 ) hit Ontario, turning it into a 2 desert. On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet corn with my dad to fill the last 3 from the grocery store. Fifty dozen was all we needed, which 4 took twenty minutes. That morning, however, the process didn t go quickly. After forty minutes of aimlessly walking in the field, we still needed twenty dozen. I was completely frustrated and 5. Dropping the basket heavily, I declared, If the store wants its last twenty dozen, they can pick it themselves! Dad laughed. Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we re done. Such is Dad----whatever problem he 6, he never gives up. Unfortunately, the disastrous effects of the drought were felt all over our county. It was a challenging time for everyone, 7 Dad remained optimistic. He 8 to be grateful for other things like good health and food on our plate. Only then did I truly begin to 9 Dad and his faith that guided us through the hard times. Dad, the life 10 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero. 1. A. teacher B. gardener C. farmer D. grocer 2. A. stormy B. lively C. disappearing D. burning 3. A. order B. form C. gap D. position 4. A. repeatedly B. usually C. finally D. really 5. A. surprised B. nervous C. angry D. frightened 6. A. meets with B. brings up C. works out D. thinks about 7. A. or B. for C. so D. but 8. A. happened B. seemed C. continued D. aimed 9. A. face B. appreciate C. examine D. question 10. A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons 试题分析 : 文章以与父亲给商店送东西为线索, 作者的心情一波三折, 并在字里行间透露着对父亲的赞颂, 父亲是作者人生的向导者 1. 答案 C 解析: 考查名词辨析 teacher 老师 ;gardener 园艺者 ;farmer 农民 ;grocer 杂货商根据下文 a drought( 旱灾 )hit Ontario 以及 sweet corn 可以判断出作者的父亲是一位在田地里工作的农夫 2. 答案 D 解析: 考查形容词辨析 stormy 暴风雨般的 ;lively 生动的 ;disappearing 消失的, 不见的 ;burning 烧灼的, 灼烫的根据前文因为发生了大旱灾所以大地变得烧灼了起来 3. 答案 A 解析: 考查名词辨析 order 订单 ;form 表格 ;gap 间隔, 分隔 ;position 位置因为作者父亲本身是一位农民, 要给蔬菜店送蔬菜, 所以这里表达的意思是我们送的最后一单 4. 答案 B 解析: 考查副词辨析 repeatedly 反复地, 再三地 ;usually 通常地 ;finally 最终地 ;really 确实地送这些货物通常要花费 20 分钟 5. 答案 C 解析: 考查形容词辨析 surprised 惊讶的 ;nervous 紧张的 ;angry 生气的 ; frightened 害怕的根据 I was completely frustrated... 可以推断出由于作者在室外干活干的太久了, 产生疲劳感及厌烦心里, 所以选择 C 项 6. 答案 A 解析: 考查动词短语辨析 meet with 碰到, 遭遇 ;bring up 提出, 养育 ;work out 解决, 做出, 锻炼 ;think about 考虑句意这就是我的爸爸, 无论遇到什么问题, 他从不放弃 6

7 7. 答案 D 解析 : 考查连词辨析 or 或者 ;for 因为 ;so 因此 ;but 但是后文 Dad remained optimistic... 而当时作者所在的国家经历着大旱灾, 所以前后是转折关系 8. 答案 C 解析: 考查动词辨析 happen 发现, 遇到 ;seem 看起来 ;continue 继续 ;aim 旨在... 作者的父亲一直是保持着乐观的心态 9. 答案 B 解析: 考查动词辨析 face 面对 ;appreciate 感激 ;examine 检查 ;question 质问作者此时也开始感激爸爸的人生观指导着作者的人生路 10. 答案 D 解析: 考查名词辨析 history 历史 ;motto 箴言 ;patterns 模式 ; 教训, 一堂课作者从父亲身上学到很多东西, 所以作者比喻成从父亲的人生课堂上学到了很多道理预测知识点 7 阅读理解 1. 重点题型中的几个问题 (1) 词汇题 : 字面意思不是答案, 要根据上下文推测其深刻含义 (2) 句子理解题 : 一般不要求推理, 只看句子本身 (3) 推理题 : 答案很大程度上是原文的重现, 不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出 2. 正确答案的特征 (1) 正确答案经常与中心思想有关 (2) 正确答案的位置, 最常见的三个位置是 : 段首段尾处转折处因果处 (3) 正确答案经常运用的原则是 : 同义替换正话反说反话正说 (4) 从语气角度来看, 正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词例 : can,may,might,possible,not necessarily,some. (5) 正确答案经常具有概括性深刻性, 不能只见树木不见森林 3. 错误答案的特征 (1) 第一大层次 : 1 无中生有 ( 未提及的概念 ); 2 正反混淆 ( 选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反 ); 3 所答非所问 ( 虽然选项的说法没有问题, 符合原文, 但和题干搭不上边 ) (2) 第二大层次 : 1 过分绝对 ; 2 扩大范围 ( 注意隐蔽型的扩大范围 mostly); 3 因果倒置 ; 4 常识判断 ; 5 推得过远 ; 6 偏离中心 ; 7 变换词性 (3) 常识判断 : 如果一个选项仅仅符合常识, 不一定是正确答案, 还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现 ; 如果一个选项不符合常识, 一定不是正确答案预测演练 The UN Environment Programme says that rising temperatures could mean the end for some migrating animals. Migrating or mobile animals move through several environments as they travel away from the cold of winter to warmer areas. Birds may fly from one part of the world to another, perhaps stopping at feeding grounds on the way. Whales and turtles ( 海龟 ) cover vast areas of ocean. The report says that changes in any one of the places which these animals use can cause serious harm. Obviously these animals have developed their travelling patterns over thousands of years. But climate change is 7

8 almost certain to be extreme over the next 25 to 50 years and it is extremely unlikely that these animals can change their habits fast enough, said the report author Dr Robert Hepworth. Hardest hit by rising temperatures are turtles. Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones. In parts of Malaysia, turtle birthing sites are producing only females, the report says. It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer. With birds, the main problem is climate-related damage to important areas at either end of the travels or at resting places along the way. About one-fifth of migrating birds are now in danger because of climate-related changes including rising sea levels, land loss and more violent storms, the report concludes. Other animals picked out as particularly in danger include: the North Atlantic Right Whale, whose main food (tiny shrimp) is disturbed by the change in ocean flows and the White-Nose Dolphin, which is out-competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters. The report is not all bad news. Even with major climatic changes, protecting the environment can still help mobile animals to recover. We need governments to start taking action at the national and international lever. The clock is running. said Dr Hepworth. And some animals are already adapting, with the report mentioning whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat. 1. What is the main topic of the text? A. The effect of climate change on migrating animals. B. How animals are adapting to changes in temperature. C. The actions required to save migrating animals. D. The need for government policies to prevent global warming. 2. By saying the clock is running in the last paragraph, Dr Hepworth means that. A. it may be too late to save some animals B. it is time to start protecting the animals C. there is not much time to solve the problem D. it takes time to complete the actions 3. According to the report, how will global warming affect turtles in the future? A. They will only produce female babies. B. Their food supply will gradually disappear. C. Some will suffer from higher rates of cancer. D. They will be in greater danger because of more violent storms. 4. Which of the following is mentioned as a consequence of rising temperatures? A. More storms will affect the ability of whales to find their feeding grounds. B. 20 percent of all birds are likely to die out because of land loss. C. Migrating animals are likely to start adapting to the changes more quickly. D. Warmer oceans will increase the competition between different kinds of dolphins. 5. What can be inferred ( 推断 ) about turtles from the text? A. They are the only animals besides humans that suffer from cancer. B. They have traditionally lived longer than other ocean-based animals. C. Those born nearer a hotter area are more likely to be female. D. Most kinds of turtles are likely to die out within 50 years. 试题分析 : 文章谈论的是气候变化对动物的影响 8

9 1. 答案 A 解析: 考查主旨大意题文章谈论的正是气候变化对迁徙动物的影响 2. 答案 C 解析: 考查推理判断题根据上下文可知形势变得很严峻, 政府要抓紧时间找出解决方法 3. 答案 C 解析 : 考查细节理解题根据第三段最后一句 It also provides evidence that some turtles are more likely to develop cancer as the waters get warmer. 可知 C 正确 4. 答案 D 解析 : 考查细节理解题根据 the White-Nose Dolphin, which is out-competed by other kinds of dolphins in warmer waters. 和文章最后一句 whales that are changing their feeding behaviour, finding new feeding grounds and new foods to eat. 可知 D 正确 5. 答案 C 解析 : 考查细节理解题根据第三段一, 二行 Scientists have found that at higher temperatures, turtles produce far more female eggs than male ones. 可知 C 正确预测知识点 8 基础写作基础写作主要考查考生对英语基本句型的运用综合知识的运用语言结构的安排及基本表述的能力此题型基本不要求考生对写作内容进行发挥, 只需将所给信息完整准确连贯地写出就可以了实际上就是翻译和连词成句扩句成文的形式基础写作简单分为以下几步 : (1) 仔细审读写作要求和写作内容信息 ; (2) 确定标题 ( 如果题目中要求写标题就确定标题, 若题中没做要求则可以不写 ); (3) 写出要点 ( 如文中涉及的重点词汇短语及句型 ); (4) 列提纲 ( 列提纲的过程实际上是一个谋篇布局, 把内容要点按恰当合理的顺序排列, 使文章条理通顺的过程 ); (5) 写草稿并对其修改润色 ; (6) 复查 ( 复查的项目包括 : 格式是否正确, 内容是否完整, 表达是否准确, 行文是否连贯等 ) 并使用合适的方法将 5 个句子衔接成连贯的文章预测演练 In order to learn English well, it is necessary for us to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary consideration that may be dealt with gradually when we increasingly realize those mistakes. As language learners, we may observe how native speakers express themselves and how native expressions differ from the way we might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying I do it to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting ( 互动 ) with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say I ll do it. But if we are not willing to interact in the first place, we will lose this opportunity of learning by trial and error. 写作内容 : (1) 以约 30 个词概括短文的内容 (2) 以约 120 个词表达如何面对英语学习中所出的错误, 并包括如下要点 : 9

10 参考范文 The first goal of learning a language is to communicate in it, so we needn t be afraid of making mistakes. When we realize that we are making mistakes, we can t ignore them. I started to learn English six years ago. In the beginning I didn t dare to speak it because I was worried that others would laugh at me if I made mistakes. Luckily for me, my English teacher was an American. She always encouraged me to be brave enough, and he asked me not to care about what others would say about my mistakes. Slowly I tried to speak a little, most of the time broken English. Whenever I had chance to be with my English teacher, I kept talking in English. Sometimes, I found my English was different from my English teacher s. I carefully observed the language my teacher spoke. Gradually, I made good progress in English speaking. It is natural that everybody may have fear when they begin to learn a new language. But the most important is to overcome it. Without fear, we can do everything well. 10

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