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1 Vol.20 No.9 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Sep (2010) ( ) TG146.2 A Recent development and prospects for giant plane aluminum alloys LIU Bing, PENG Chao-qun, WANG Ri-chu, WANG Xiao-feng, LI Ting-ting (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha , China) Abstract: The features, applications and development of giant plane aluminum alloys were briefly described. The chemical composition, mechanical properties and applications of 2 series and 7 series aluminum alloys were reviewed in detail. Several existing problems in present China giant plane aluminum alloys were pointed out. The development trend of giant plane aluminum alloys was put forward. Key words: giant plane; aluminum alloys; 2 series aluminum alloys; 7 series aluminum alloys; aluminum-lithium alloy; aluminum-based composite materials 100 t 150 [1] [2] 1 [3] 20 Al-Cu-Mn 1906 Al-Cu-Mg [4 7] F-22 (20 80 ) % 35% 22% 23% F-35 30% [8] 80% 60%~70% [9] A pcq2005@163.com

2 [7] Table 1 Materials selection of large passenger aircraft [3] (mass fraction, %) Aircraft First Composite Aluminium Steel Titanium Others type flight material B B B B DC MD A A A A380 A350XWB ~1 800 [10] 2 ( ) 7 ( ) Al-Cu-Mg 2 [11] 2 400~500 MPa [12 13] [12] 2024 Cu Mg Mn Fe Si 2024 T3 T [14] T361 T81 T861 [15] [11] Table 2 Compositions of 2 series aluminum alloys [11] Mass fraction/% Alloy Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Ni Zn Ti Others Al Bal. 2024A Bal Bal Bal. 2224A Bal Bal Bal Bal.

3 [12, 20] 3 2 Table 3 Main features and applications of 2 x x x series typical aluminum alloys Alloy Main feature Main product and state Application 2024 O,T3,T361,T4,T72,T81 and T861 plates, Typical hard aluminum alloy, with O,T351,T361,T851 and T861 thick plates, excellent properties, high strength O and T3 stretching tubes, and certain degree of heat O,T3,T3510,T3511,T81,T8510 and T8511 resistance, used below 150. extruded tubes, section bar, bar and wire rod Enhanced strength after heat O,T13,T351,T4,T6 and T851 cold machining bar treatment, poor corrosion resistance O,H13,T36,T4 and T6 cold machining wire rods, which can be improved by alclad T4 rivet Aircraft structures (skin, skeleton, ribbed beams, bulkhead, etc), rivets, missile component, truck wheels, and other various parts of propeller components With strength, plastic and fracture Aircraft structures (wing, 2124 toughness better than those of 2024 alloy, SCC properties equivalent to T351 and T851 thick plates airframe, airframe skin, central wings, air ducts and those of 2024 alloy fairing) With strength, fracture toughness 2224 and anti-fatigue performance better than those of 2024 alloy, processing property and corrosion resistance T3510 and T3511 extrusions Structural parts of Boeing- 767 airplane equivalent to those of 2024 alloy With strength and other properties equivalent to those of 2024-T3, 2524 fatigue strength increased by 10% and fracture toughness increased by T3 sheets Plane skin 20% compared with those of 2024-T Fe Si Fe Si 2124 [16] 2024 [14] [17] F-14 F-15 F-16 A6 A A T F T t [18] 2124 F-22 F T [12] kg kg [19] F T3 [20] Fe Si 2024 Cr Cu Mg Mn 2024-T3 10% 20% AMS

4 [21] 2524 ARJ T T3 [16] T73 T T651 L T7651 [27] A350XWB Al-Zn-Mg-Cu (Alcoa) [22 24] 5 [23 24] [25] 7075 T6 T73 T76 T74 T T73 T6 10%~15% [26] DC T73 T Fe Si 7075 T T [28] 7475 Zr Cr Cu Zn Mg [29] Fe Si 4 7 [22 24] Table 4 Compositions of 7 series ultra high strength aluminum alloys[22 24] Alloy Mass fraction/% Zn Mg Cu Zr Fe Si Mn Cr Ti Others Al Bal. AA Bal. AA Bal ~ Bal Bal. AA Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal Bal.

5 [23 24] Table 5 Mechanical properties of 7 series ultra high strength aluminum alloys Heat treatment σb/ Alloy state MPa T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T σ0.2/ MPa δ/% Preparation condition 11 Extrusion 13 Extrusion 11 Open die forging Open die forging 12 Sheet 11 Extrusion 6 Thick plate 6 Thick plate 11 Extrusion 11 Extrusion 12 Thick plate 12 Thick plate 12 Thick plate 12 Extrusion 12 Extrusion 7 Thick plate 7 Thick plate 5 Forgings 7 Forgings 7 Forgings 11 Thick plate 10 Extrusion T73 T76 T74 T73 T76 T74 T73 T F/A 18Hornet F 22Raptor [30] Fe Si Zn Mg Cu [31] A310 MD T651 T6511 T7751 T7751 T T651 10%~15% 10% T T6 T T77 C-17 [32] Fe Si Mn Zn Mg [32] [33] 7055-T T77 10% 7075-T6 30% [34] 7150-T T77 [35] T7751 T T kg [36] 7085 ( ) Zn 7.0%~8.0% Mg 1.2%~1.8% Cu 1.3%~2.0% Zr 0.08%~0.15% [37] 7085 A380 [38] 7 1) [39] 2) ( )

6 [40] 3) [41 42] 4) [43] 5) [44] 650 MPa 450 MPa 700~800 MPa 600 MPa Al-Li 700 MPa 150~300 [8] [45] [23, 29] [23, 29] 6 7 [23, 29] Table 6 Main features and applications of 7 series ultra high strength aluminum alloys Alloy Main feature Main product and state Application 7075 With appropriate plasticity after solution and high strength after thermal treatment, used below 150, with relatively bad weldability and cracking tendency of stress corrosion T73, T76 sheets, T651, Airplane wings, truss, bulkhead, T7651, T7351 thick plates, wing beam forgings, extrusions With high strength and toughness, good bearing fatigue and T651, T7651 and T7351 Skin of fuselages and wings, 7475 integrated performance, excellent anti-corrosion performance (T76 status) sheets, thick plates center wing structure, wing beam, wheel door and bulkhead With high strength, fracture toughness, stress corrosion T7651 and T7451 thick Aircraft structure, skin of 7050 resistance and exfoliation corrosion resistance, but relatively small quench sensitivity, being able to plates, T76511,T73511 and T74511 extrusions aircraft wings, bulkhead, truss, rib, brackets, landing gear strut manufacture large pieces of machinery components, rivets With high strength and good exfoliation corrosion T651, T7651 and T7751 Wing of air bus, circle of wall resistance, strength improved by 10% 15% and fracture thick plates, T7751 plates, longeron of main wing, 7150 toughness improved by 10% compared with 7075 alloys in T651 status, excellent anti-fatigue performance, anti-stress extrusions, T77 forgings fuselage strengthening pieces, keel beam, slide rail corrosion similar to 7075 alloy 7055 With compressive strength and tensile strength improved by 10% compared with 7150, fracture toughness and stress corrosion resistance similar to 7150 alloy T7751 thick plates, T77511 Skin of aircraft wings, truss, extrusions, T77 forgings horizontal stabilizer, keel beam, slide rail

7 ( ) ( ) 1) [9] 2) ) A350XWB 53% 19% A350XWB % 3% 5% [46] F F Rafele-A A330 A340 [47] Weldalite [48] AF/C-489 AF/C-458 [49] F-16 F h [50] 7 [49, 51] [51] ( 2~4 )

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