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1 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, Sep. 2015, 23(9): DOI: /j.cnki.cjea * 1 王宏民 2 李亚芳 2** 张仙红李 2 赫 2 赵建华 ( ; ) 明确杀虫剂多次施用后对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性和相关生理指标的影响, 对指导黄瓜 (Cucumis sativus L.) 合理用药具有重要作用本研究以室内盆栽的黄瓜幼苗为试材, 研究了几种常用化学杀虫剂吡虫啉啶虫脒溴氰菊酯及生物杀虫剂玫烟色棒束孢对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性 (SOD POD CAT) 及丙二醛 MDA 脯氨酸和蛋白质含量的影响结果表明 : 不同杀虫剂对黄瓜幼苗抗氧化酶活性及相关生理指标的影响不同当供试 3 种化学杀虫剂胁迫黄瓜幼苗 2 d 时, 其体内 SOD POD CAT 活性与对照无显著差异 ; 当胁迫时间延长到 4 d 时, 溴氰菊酯和啶虫脒处理的黄瓜幼苗体内 3 种抗氧化酶活均明显升高且与对照差异显著 ; 当胁迫时间延长到 6 d 时, 3 种化学杀虫剂均造成黄瓜幼苗体内 SOD POD 活性升高且与对照差异显著, 其中溴氰菊酯影响较吡虫啉和啶虫咪严重 ; 胁迫 8~10 d 后, 各处理黄瓜幼苗体内 3 种抗氧化酶活性均开始下降或恢复正常同时, 3 种化学杀虫剂胁迫黄瓜幼苗 4~8 d 时, MDA 和脯氨酸含量升高并与对照差异显著 ; 胁迫 10 d 时, 啶虫咪和溴氰菊酯胁迫的黄瓜幼苗 MDA 含量仍显著高于对照, 而脯氨酸含量开始下降并趋于正常此外, 3 种化学杀虫剂胁迫黄瓜幼苗 2~8 d 时均造成其蛋白质含量的降低, 而生物杀虫剂玫烟色棒束孢胁迫对黄瓜幼苗 SOD POD CAT 活性及 MDA 脯氨酸和蛋白质含量均没有显著影响可见生物杀虫剂玫烟色棒束孢较 3 种化学杀虫剂对黄瓜幼苗安全, 黄瓜幼苗受化学杀虫剂胁迫后需要一个过程才能修复杀虫剂对其自身造成的伤害黄瓜幼苗化学杀虫剂生物杀虫剂抗氧化酶丙二醛脯氨酸蛋白质 : S482.3 : A : (2015) Effects of pesticides on antioxidant enzyme activities and related physiological indices on cucumber seedlings WANG Hongmin 1, LI Yafang 2, ZHANG Xianhong 2, LI He 2, ZHAO Jianhua 2 (1. College of Economics and Management, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu , China; 2. College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu , China) Abstract Understanding antioxidant enzymes activities and other related physiological indexes of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling under repeatedly application of insecticides is critical for safe application of pesticides. In order to explore the effects of three chemical pesticides (Deltamethrin, Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid) and one biological pesticide (Isaria fumosorosea) on cucumber seedlings, activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD and CAT) and contents of malondiadehyde (MDA), proline (Pro) and protein in pesticides stressed cucumber seedlings were investigated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that different insecticides had different effects on antioxidant enzymes activities and related physiological indexes of cucumber seedlings. For cucumber seedlings under stresses of three chemical insecticides for two days, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes were not significantly different from those of the control. When stress was prolonged to * ( )( )(No ) **, zxh6288@sina.com, ndysc1@163.com : :

2 four days, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes in cucumber seedlings under Decamethrin and Acetamiprid stresses significantly increased and were obviously different from those of the control. When stress was prolonged to six days, the activities of SOD and POD of cucumber seedlings under stresses of three chemical insecticides increased and significantly differed from those of the control. Among the three chemical insecticides, Decamethrin showed greater effects than the other two chemical insecticides. After eight to ten days of stress, the activities of three antioxidant enzymes of cucumber seedlings began to decrease and return to the normal level. Moreover, the contents of MDA and proline in cucumber seedlings under stresses of three chemical insecticides for four to eight days obviously increased compared with those of the control. When cucumber seedlings were stressed respectively by Acetamiprid and Decamethrin for ten days, MDA content became significantly higher than the control, while proline content declined to the normal level. The three chemical insecticides decreased protein content in cucumber seedlings at two to eight days after chemical insecticides stresses, the biological insecticide, Isaria fumosoprosea did not significantly affected the activities of SOD, POD and CAT along with the contents of MDA, proline and protein. It was noted that the biological insecticide, Isaria fumosoprosea, was relatively safer than the three chemical insecticides. It took a certain period for cucumber seedlings to recover from the harm caused by chemical insecticides. Keywords Cucumber seedling; Chemical insecticide; Biological insecticide; Antioxidant enzyme; MDA; Proline; Protein (Received Jan. 12, 2015; accepted Jun. 7, 2015),, [ (SOD)(POD) (CAT) ][ (GST)(PAL) (LOX) ],, ;,, [1 5],,, [1], (Oryza sativa) [2] ; (Brassica campestris) [3] ; (Spinacia oleracea), SOD POD CAT (MDA) [4] ;, [5], (Hordeum vulgare) [6],,,, [2 6], (Cucumis sativus),,, (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) (Aphis gossypii) (Pseudoperonospora cubensis),,,, [7 9] [10 11],, (Isaria fumosorosea), MDA, 1 材料与方法 % (,,

3 9 : ) 3% (,, ) 2.5% (,, )( pf9606, 10 d, ml 1 ) ( ) 15 cm15 cm,,, d,, 10 ml, 7 d1 3, 2 d 1 3, 1, g, 5 ml ph 7.8(0.05 mol L 1 ) ( 1% PVP),, r min 1 15 min, SOD [12], MDA [13], [12], G-250 [12] VersaMax ELISA [Molecular Devices Corporation (MDC)] 1.4 Microsoft Excel DPS 结果与分析 2.1 SOD 1, 2~ 4 d, SOD, 6~8 d, SOD, 10 d, SOD ; 2 d, SOD ; 4~8 d, SOD, 10 d SOD ; 2~10 d, SOD,, SOD 4~10 d, SOD,, 4 d, SOD 2 ; 10 d, 2SOD,, SOD 3 表 1 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗 SOD 活性 Table 1 SOD activities in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides U g 1 (FW) Treatment Isaria fumosorosea 87.94±3.06a 98.00±0.82b ±2.02bc ±2.31c ±1.63b Acetamiprid 89.16±0.70a ±4.24b ±2.29a ±3.15ab ±3.38b Imidacloprid 88.11±2.43a 97.53±6.48b ±2.65ab ±3.15bc ±0.94b Deltamethrin 90.37±1.40a ±5.71a ±3.97a ±1.75a ±4.09a CK 89.97±1.22a 98.00±4.32b 99.78±4.05c ±2.31c ±0.94b ±, P<0.05 (LSD ), The data in the table are mean ± SE, significant differences (P < 0.05, LSD test) are indicated by different lowercase letters. The same below. 2.2 POD 2 4POD 2 d, POD ; 4~10 d, 3 POD, 6 d POD, 1.22, 4 d POD, 1.17, POD 10 d, 3 10 d POD 2.3 CAT 3, 2~10 d, CAT,

4 Table 2 表 2 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗 POD 的活性 POD activities in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides A470 g 1 (FW) min 1 Isaria fumosorosea 20.11±0.40ab 22.44±0.50bc 22.16±0.14c 21.82±0.34c 21.67±0.53ab Acetamiprid 21.09±0.20a 24.27±0.20a 23.91±0.08b 22.91±0.34c 21.22±0.97ab Imidacloprid 21.11±1.39a 21.53±0.13cd 23.87±0.24b 24.71±0.37b 22.71±0.54a Deltamethrin 19.64±0.99b 22.71±0.87b 26.11±0.14a 25.51±0.14a 20.78±1.41b CK 21.02±0.19ab 20.73±0.64d 21.44±0.17c 22.16±0.80c 21.24±0.64ab Table 3 表 3 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗 CAT 活性 CAT activities in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides mg(h 2 O 2 ) g 1 (FW) min 1 Isaria fumosorosea 18.82±0.57a 18.72±0.23c 19.38±0.20b 19.53±0.27b 18.20±0.23b Acetamiprid 17.93±0.23a 20.30±0.34a 21.67±0.24a 21.86±0.19a 19.75±0.35a Imidacloprid 17.95±0.42a 18.67±0.25c 19.79±0.30b 19.91±0.42b 18.58±0.17b Deltamethrin 18.77±0.06a 19.40±0.14b 22.10±0.12a 21.36±0.52a 19.99±0.21a CK 18.75±0.07a 18.79±0.44c 19.34±0.31b 19.46±0.39b 18.11±0.21b CAT ; 4~8 d, CAT, 10 d CAT MDA 4 MDA 4 4, MDA 2~10 d, MDA, 3 2~8 d, MDA ; 2 d, 3 MDA 1.28~1.36 ; 6 d, MDA, 10 d, 10 d ; 10 d, MDA 3, MDA, 表 4 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗 MDA 的含量 Table 4 MDA contents in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides mol g 1 (FW) Isaria fumosorosea 0.20±0.02b 0.21±0.04b 0.23±0.01c 0.24±0.03bc 0.22±0.01b Acetamiprid 0.29±0.01a 0.30±0.01a 0.31±0.01ab 0.33±0.01a 0.27±0.01a Imidacloprid 0.28±0.01a 0.31±0.02a 0.27±0.03b 0.26±0.01b 0.24±0.01b Deltamethrin 0.30±0.02a 0.31±0.04a 0.34±0.04a 0.31±0.01a 0.28±0.03a CK 0.22±0.02b 0.21±0.01b 0.20±0.02c 0.23±0.01c 0.23±0.01b 2.5 (Pro) 5, 32 d, Pro; 4~6 d, Pro 4 d, Pro 50.2%; 6 d, Pro52.6%; 8 d, Pro, 10 d 6 d Pro, ~10 d,

5 9 : 1189 表 5 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗脯氨酸 (Pro) 含量 Table 5 Proline contents in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides g g 1 (FW) Isaria fumosorosea 33.77±0.26a 38.58±1.37c 43.62±0.61c 40.98±0.30c 42.03±0.92a Acetamiprid 34.51±0.41a 50.30±0.65ab 50.38±0.78ab 44.28±0.91b 40.10±1.01a Imidacloprid 35.12±0.32a 54.54±0.72a 55.96±0.53a 46.62±0.28b 42.28±0.76a Deltamethrin 34.70±1.23a 56.31±1.04a 53.34±0.64a 51.57±1.10a 41.15±0.39a CK 34.85±0.94a 37.49±0.51c 36.67±1.02d 39.23±1.01c 39.86±0.65a 表 6 杀虫剂胁迫不同时间后黄瓜幼苗蛋白质的含量 Table 6 Protein contents in cucumber seedling leaves after different stress times of different pesticides mg g 1 (FW) Isaria fumosorosea 59.72±0.61ab 59.03±1.02a 57.17±0.74ab 58.05±0.45a 60.40±0.61a Acetamiprid 61.28±0.45a 58.34±0.90ab 55.89±1.03bc 54.13±0.34c 58.70±0.61b Imidacloprid 59.95±1.33b 57.17±0.95ab 55.19±1.19bc 55.11±0.45b 59.48±0.45b Deltamethrin 59.52±1.03ab 55.89±2.80b 54.72±1.03c 52.95±0.45d 55.75±0.68c CK 59.03±2.51ab 57.95±1.22ab 58.54±1.33a 58.64±0.45a 59.21±0.78a 3 6~8 d,,, 6 d, 3.82 mg g 1 (FW), 8 d, 5.69 mg g 1 (FW),, 10 d, 3,, 3 结论与讨论 SOD POD CAT,, [14 15], POD SOD CAT [16], 3 SOD POD CAT, 3,,, 3, 3, POD CAT10 d SOD 10 d, [17] (Brassica rapa)sod CAT, POD, [3], 21 d 3,, 10 d,,, MDA,,, MDA [14] [3], MDA,, 2, 10 dmda, 2, MDA, 2,,

6 ,,, 3 4 d, 3,, 参考文献 [1],,,. [J]., 2006, 45(8): Liu J L, Yu J F, Yin J L, et al. Research progress on the effect of chemical pesticides on plant physiology and biochemistry[j]. Agrochemicals, 2006, 45(8): [2],. [J]., 2003, 22(6): Zhang Y X, Li X L. Toxicity of three organophosphorus pesticides on Hordeum vulgare seedling[j]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2003, 22 (6): [3],,,. [J]., 2008, 29(9): Zhang Q Z, Chen Z D, Wang W J, et al. Effects of chlorpyrifos stress on antioxidant enzyme activities and some related compound contents in pakchoi[j]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008, 29(9): [4],,. POD SOD CAT MDA [J]., 2004, 33(4): Yang T, Li C Y, Tang H H. Effects of dimethoate on activities of POD, SOD, CAT and MDA content in spinach leaves[j]. Subtropical Plant Science, 2004, 33(4): [5],,,. SOD Mg 2+ -ATPase Ca 2+ -ATPase CAT [J]. :, 2006, 40(1): Tang H F, Sheng X M, Xiong L, et al. The impact of organophosphates pesticide to soluble proteins and several oxidant enzymes in vegetable[j]. Journal of Central China Normal University: Natural Sciences, 2006, 40(1): [6],,,. 3 [J]., 2003, 36(5): Wu J C, Xu J F, Feng X M, et al. Impacts of pesticides on physiology and biochemistry of rice[j]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2003, 36(5): [7],,. [J]., 2006, 5(3): Zhang F Q, Xie Z P, Cui W. Effects of industrial wastewater on the growth and anti-oxidant enzyme activities of cucumber seedlings[j]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2006, 25(3): [8],,. [J]., 2006, 17(2): Liu S C, Xiao L T, Liao B H. Effects of lead stress on anti-oxidative enzyme activities and isoenzymes in cucumber seedlings[j]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2006, 17(2): [9],,,. [J]., 2012(1): Zhu J, Yang Z Q, Li Y X, et al. Effect of high temperature on the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities of cucumber and tomato in greenhouse[j]. Northern Horticulture, 2012(1): [10] Zhang X L, Jia X F, Yu B, et al. Exogenous hydrogen peroxide influences antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation in cucumber leaves at low light[j]. Scientia Horticulture, 2011, 129(4): [11] Dai A H, Nie Y X, Yu B, et al. Cinnamic acid pretreatment enhances heat tolerance of cucumber leaves through modulating antioxidant enzyme activity[j]. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2012, 79: 1 10 [12]. [M]. :, 2000 Zou Q. Experimental Manual of Plant Physiology[M]. Beijing: Chinese Agricultural Press, 2000 [13],,,. [J]., 1994, 30(3): Zhao S J, Xu C C, Zou Q, et al. Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues[j]. Plant Physiology Communications, 1994, 30(3): [14]. [J]., 1988(2): Wang B S. Biological free radicals and membrane damage of plants[j]. Plant Physiology Communications, 1988(2): [15]. [J]., 1985, 16(3): Wang W J. Superoxide free radical and superoxide dismutase[j]. Progress in Physiological Sciences, 1985, 16(3): [16]. [J]., 1991, 27(2): Chen S Y. Injury of membrane lipid peroxidation to plant cell[j]. Plant Physiology Communications, 1991, 27(2): [17],,,. [J]., 2004, 23(6): Xu D M, Ma Z Q, Feng J T, et al. Effects of chlorpyrifos and podophyllotoxin on anti-oxidative enzymes and the MDA of vegetable (Brassica rapa L.)[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2004, 23(6):

Untitiled

Untitiled 中国农学通报 2009,25(11):117-122 Chinese gricultural Science Bulletin 钙处理对枇杷果实采后生理特性的研究郑国华 ( 福建农林大学园艺学院, 福州 350002) 摘要 : 适当的钙处理可明显减缓枇杷果实的采后生理活力试验结果