Microsoft Word - 9郑志松.doc

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1 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, Mar. 2012, 20(3): DOI: /SP.J * 1,2 郑志松 3 王晨阳 3 张美微张 4 洁 4 姚宇卿 1** 牛俊义 ( ; ; ; ) 为了解豫西半干旱区不同水肥条件对小麦淀粉品质的调控效应, 于 2009 年度和年度在河南省洛阳市农业科学研究院以洛旱 2 号小麦为材料, 采用防雨棚池栽种植方式, 研究了不同灌水量施氮量和施磷量及其互作对小麦淀粉糊化特性的影响结果表明 : 施氮量和施磷量对小麦淀粉糊化特性均有显著影响 (P 0.05 P 0.01); 随施氮量的增加, 淀粉各黏度参数呈增大趋势, 施氮量为 105 kg hm 2 时达最大值, 之后增加施氮量各黏度参数又有所下降 ; 黏度参数在施磷量为 168 kg hm 2 时达最大值在豫西半干旱生态条件下, 灌水量对淀粉黏度参数影响不显著, 但存在灌水量施氮量的显著互作效应 (P 0.05 P 0.01) 从不同水肥处理组合看, 淀粉糊化特性以处理组合 N 105 P 168 W [ 施氮量 105 kg(n) hm 2 施磷量 168 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2 和全生育期灌水量 mm] 最优相关分析表明, 淀粉黏度参数与籽粒产量在 2009 年度呈显著正相关, 而在年度相关不显著, 说明产量与淀粉品质间存在着协同提高的可能性小麦籽粒灌水氮肥磷肥水肥互作淀粉糊化特性豫西半干旱区 : S365; S512 : A : (2012) Effects of water, nitrogen and phosphorus coupling on starch paste properties of winter wheat ZHENG Zhi-Song 1,2, WANG Chen-Yang 3, ZHANG Mei-Wei 3, ZHANG Jie 4, YAO Yu-Qing 4, NIU Jun-Yi 1 (1. College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou , China; 2. Henan Agricultural Broadcasting and Television College, Zhengzhou , China; 3. Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou , China; 4. Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Luoyang , China) Abstract A field experiment was conducted under rain-shelter conditions in Luoyang (Henan Province) during the 2009 and cropping seasons by using Luohan 2 winter wheat cultivar. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of irrigation and nitrogen/phosphorus fertilization on grain quality of winter wheat in the semiarid region of West Henan Province. The experiment was a factorial combination of 5 irrigation, nitrogen and phosphorus application rates, each in 3 replicas. The effects of water, nitrogen and phosphorus application rates and interactions on starch paste parameters of winter wheat were determined. The results showed that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers had significant effects on starch paste properties of winter wheat (P 0.05 or P 0.01). Main starch viscosity parameters (peak viscosity, initial viscosity and final viscosity) increased significantly as nitrogen application increased from 0 kg hm 2 to 105 kg hm 2, and after peaking at 105 kg hm 2 decreased with nitrogen application rate. Starch viscosity parameters reached the highest values at phosphorus application rate of 168 kg hm 2. Irrigation had no significant effect on starch paste properties. However, irrigation and nitrogen interactions significantly influenced some starch paste properties. Overall, combined treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus and water at N 105 P 168 W i.e., 105 kg(n) hm 2, 168 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2 and mm irrigation produced the best starch quality. Statistical analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between starch paste properties and grain yield in the 2009 cropping season and not in the crop season. This suggested that there existed the possibility for improvement of both grain yield and starch paste quality in the region. * (090NKCA057) ** : (1957 ),,,, niujy@gsau.edu.cn (1963 ),,,, hnzzs666@163.com : :

2 3 : 311 Key words Wheat grain, Irrigation, Nitrogen fertilizer, Phosphorus fertilizer, Irrigation and fertilization interaction, Starch paste property, West Henan Semi-arid region (Received Oct. 17, ; accepted Dec. 5, ) [1 5],,, 70%, [6], [7],,, [8 9], [10] 34 50, [11], [12],, (),,, 1 材料与方法 m 2 m,,,, 1.53 g cm 3, 23.48%, 33.36%, 15.8 g kg 1, (N)62.7 mg kg 1, (P 2 O 5 )10.39 mg kg 1, (K 2 O)166.0 mg kg ,,,, , 3 (), 2 ( N 210 g kg 1 ), 5 : 0 kg(n) hm 2 31 kg(n) hm kg(n) hm kg(n) hm kg(n) hm 2 ; ( P 2 O g kg 1 ), 5 : 0 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2 42 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2 84 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2 ; ( 1),,, 5 : 127 mm mm mm 282 mm mm 2, m 2,, 1, 100 g FOSS Cyclotec 1093 Brabender (Micro Visco Amylo-Graph, MVAG, ) 表年洛阳市多年月平均降雨量 Table 1 Monthly average rainfall in Luoyang City from 1971 to 1999 Month Annual average Rainfall (mm) Monthly rainfall proportion in annual rainfall (%) 表 2 试验各处理的设计 Table 2 Design of experimental treatments Treatment Factor Irrigation quantity (mm) N application rate (kg hm 2 ) P application rate (kg hm 2 )

3 nm, 486 nm; 550 nm, 743 nm; 1.3 SPSS 15.0 Excel 2 结果与分析 2.1 ( 3), 5% 1%,, 3 1%, 5% 1% ;, 1% 5%, 1%, 1% 5% 2.2 1, kg hm 2 ;, 105 kg hm 2, 179 kg hm 2 ( 1a) 2, 168 kg hm 2 ( 1b) Table 3 表 3 两个试验年度不同水肥处理对淀粉糊化参数影响的方差分析 (F 值 ) Variance analysis of effects of different irrigation and fertilization treatments on starch pasting parameters (F value) Source Pasting time Pasting temperature Peak viscosity Trough viscosity Final viscosity Break down ** ** ** ** 5.10 * 4.37 * 3.85 Setback Irrigation quantity N application rate ** 6.47 ** 4.34 ** P application rate * 4.55 ** Irrigation quantity N application rate Irrigation quantity N application ** 6.96 ** * 0.67 P application ** 1.90 Irrigation quantity N application rate ** 5.69 * * ** 5% 1% * and ** indicate significant difference at 5% and 1% levels, respectively. Fig. 1 图 1 不同施氮量 (a) 和施磷量 (b) 下小麦淀粉糊化各参数值的变化 Effect of N application (a) and P application (b) on starch pasting parameters of wheat

4 3 : ( 4), N 105 P 168 W [ 105 kg(n) hm 2, 168 kg(p 2 O 5 ) hm 2, mm], N 105 P 42 W N 210 P 42 W 217.5, N 105 P 168 W , N 105 P 168 W ( 5), 1% 5% 5%; 1% 5%; 1% Table 4 表 4 水氮肥和磷肥互作对小麦淀粉糊化特性的影响 Effects of interaction of water and fertilizer on starch pasting parameters of wheat Pasting time Pasting temperature ( ) Peak viscosity Trough viscosity Final viscosity Break down Setback Treatment (min) N 105 P 168 W ±0.03b 61.62±0.22c ±39.45a ±34.93a ±23a ±5.20a ±21.03a N 105 P 0 W ±0.03ab 61.75±0.31abc ±45.36ab ±31.53ab ±42.40ab ±14.98abcd ±21.10a N 31 P 126 W ±0.02a 62.41±0.22a ±47.17bc ±39.14c ±60.35abc ±8.64abcd ±20.94a N 31 P 126 W ±0.02ab 62.05±0.22abc ±41.14cd ±33.98c ±52.91cd ±10.63bcd ±19.04a N 179 P 126 W ±0.02a 62.38±0.27ab ±31.79bc ±25.77bc ±46.25bcd ±8.95bcd ±21.52a N 179 P 126 W ±0.01ab 62.23±0.14abc ±34.95abc ±32.90abc ±49.14abc ±5.95cd ±16.28a N 105 P 42 W ±0.02ab 61.98±0.19abc ±37.74abc ±26.15abc ±42.57abc ±12.62d ±16.37a N 105 P 42 W ±0.02ab 62.02±0.21abc ±17.68bc ±13.96bc ±24.01abc ±4.65bcd ±11.97a N 210 P 42 W ±0.01ab 61.65±0.21bc ±20.10abc ±15.97abc ±24.95abc ±5.44abc ±11.96a N 0 P 42 W ±0.02a 62.42±0.21a ±24.41d ±25.72d ±41.80d ±10.10abcd ±17.53a N 105 P 84 W ±0.02ab 62.20±0.19abc ±15.02bc ±12.47c ±17.83bcd ±3.82ab ±8.76a N 105 P 42 W ±0.01ab 61.93±0.13abc ±21.66abc ±12.53abc ±25.26abc ±9.60abc ±13.34a N 105 P 168 W ±0.01ab 62.45±0.15abc ±26.61a ±32.22ab ±24.89ab ±8.87abc ±14.33abc N 105 P 0 W ±0.01ab 62.63±0.19ab ±14.14a ±9.19ab ±8.99ab 90.83±5.11f ±15.56bc N 31 P 126 W ±0.02ab 62.58±0.20abc ±9.93a ±5.73ab ±30.43ab ±10.52ef ±33.57c N 31 P 126 W ±0.02b 62.12±0.13c ±47.46a ±39.66b ±67.72ab ±10.52ab ±28.71a N 179 P 126 W ±0.02ab 62.43±0.20abc ±54.57a ±49.90ab ±53.27a ±8.58abcd ±10.21ab N 179 P 126 W ±0ab 62.3±0.07bc ±25.16a ±18.85ab ±26.17ab ±7.86cde ±8.00abc N 105 P 42 W ±0ab 62.55±0.03abc ±13.66a ±12.41ab ±15.19ab ±8.47ef ±13.98abc N 105 P 42 W ±0.01ab 62.55±0.11abc ±23.95a ±27.33ab ±34.18ab ±8.49bcde ±15.14ab N 210 P 42 W ±0ab 62.33±0.06bc ±11.11a ±5.00ab ±5.17ab ±7.37a ±3.62a N 0 P 42 W ±0.03a 62.87±0.20a ±15.89b ±12.67c ±68.17b ±4.54abcd ±43.58abc N 105 P 84 W ±0.01ab 62.30±0.14bc ±30.09a ±22.90ab ±31.83ab ±9.26abcd ±9.28ab N 105 P 42 W ±0ab 62.53±0.03abc ±40.42a ±45.64a ±46.72a ±5.85def ±4.53abc N (kg hm 2 ), P (kg hm 2 ), W (mm), ; ± ; 5% N, P in treatments codes mean N, P fertilization, their subscripts are the rates, and the unit is kg hm 2 ; W means irrigation during growth season, the subscript is irrigation amount, and the unit is mm. Data in the table are means ± standard error. Different small letters in the same column mean significant difference at 5% level. Table 5 Item 表 5 小麦淀粉糊化参数和籽粒产量及面粉淀粉含量的相关性分析 Correlation analysis between wheat pasting properties and grain yield, starch content Pasting time Pasting temperature Peak viscosity Trough viscosity Final viscosity Break down Setback Yield * 0.32 ** ** Amylose content Amylopectin content Total starch content Yield Amylose content ** Amylopectin content ** 0.23 Total starch content * * 0.10 * ** 5% 1% * and ** show significant correlation at 5% and 1% levels, respectively.

5 讨论, [7 9,13 14] [14 15], [16], [17], 1%, 5% 1%,, 5% 1% 2 [18] [19], [20], 2, 105 kg hm kg hm 2 2, 105 kg hm kg hm 2 ; N 105 P 168 W 217.5, [21] [6] ,, ; ;, : 2009,,,,, 2009 ; 参考文献 [1],,,. [J]., 2000, 5(1): [2],,,. [J]., 2002, 22(4): [3],,,. [J]., 2006, 14(1): [4],,,. [J]., 2008, 32(6): [5],,,. [J]., 2008, 16(5): [6],,,. [J]., 2008, 41(4): [7],,,. [J]., 1999(6): [8] Toyokawa H, Rubenthaler G L, Powers J R, et al. Japanese noodle qualities.. Starch components[j]. Cereal Chemistry, 1989, 66(4): [9] Crosbie G B, Miskelly D M, Dewan T. Wheat quality for Japanese flour milling and noodle industries[j]. W A Journal of Agriculture, 1990, 31: [10],,,. [J]., 2005, 19(6): [11],,, [J]., 2007, 33(2): [12],,,. [J]., 2004, 30(8): [13],,,. [J]., 2005, 25(1): [14],,. [J]., 2001, 34(1): 9 13 [15],,,. [J]., 2004, 24(9): [16],,,. [J]., 2005, 19(5): [17],,, [J].,, 30(5): [18],,,. [J]., 2008(8): [19],,,. [J].,, 19(11): [20],. [J]. :, 2005, 26(3): [21] Reddy I, Seib P A. Paste properties of modified starches from partial waxy wheats[j]. Cereal Chemistry, 1999, 76(3):

Microsoft Word - A200812-1992.doc

Microsoft Word - A200812-1992.doc 1 长期遮荫对小麦籽粒淀粉理化特性的影响张传辉, 姜东, 戴廷波, 荆奇, 曹卫星南京农业大学, 农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室, 南京 (2195) E-mail: jiangd@njau.edu.cn 摘要 : 揭示了长期遮荫对小麦籽粒淀粉理化特性的影响选