三種林

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "三種林"

费岭巴
5 years ago
Views:

1 61 Research paper Study on the Litterfall Decomposition Rates of Three Different Stands in Hui-Sun Experimental Forest 1 1,2 Yu-Ju Chou Chiang-Her Yen Abstract In this study, we monitored litterfall decomposition rate of three different stands (natural hardwood stand, NS; China-fir plantation, CPS; and secondary hardwood stand, SS) in Hui-Sun Experimental Forest, located in middle Taiwan, from April 2000 to March 2003, by using litterbag method. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the litterfall decomposition rate dynamics of three different stands. The results showed the decomposition rate was faster in NS, followed by CPS and SS during the three year period. The remaining mass of litterfall was , and % for NS, CPS and SS, respectively. The annual decomposition constant (k) were ranged from 0.32 to 0.48 at the end of three years. The remaining mass of litterfall fluctuated because the contamination of field litterbags with organic and mineral led to the underestimated litter mass loss and affected decomposition rates. The percentages of nutrients remaining of all nutrients were decreased with Department of Forestry, NCHU. Corresponding author.

2 62 time pass in NS and SS. The N, P and K were increased initially but than decreased, and C, Ca, Mg and lignin were increased until the study end in CPS. The litterfall, cause by high initial concentrations ( > 40%), decomposition started in the early stages decomposition in three different stands. Net mineralization could be well predicted from the C/N ratio. When the C/N ratio was below 25, N net mineralization would start. Key words litterfall, decomposition rate, nutrient concentration, nutrient remaining Rogers, Takeda and Abe, actual evapotranspiration, AET Johansson et al., 1995; Berg, 2000; Musvoto et al., Tian et al., Berg Staaf Berg, Moro and Domingo, m

3 63 SPSS m CHNS-Elemental Analyzer, EA, elementar mm vario EL Moore and Chapman, mm Inductively-Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer, ICP- mm AES cm cm Osono and Takeda, m m

4 64 Ashfree dry mass ln ( Xt/Xo )= -kt Idol et al., Olson, mm k k k Sundarapandian and Swamy, Osono k and Takeda, k r C/N lignin/n Rustad, Idol C/N lignin/n

5 65

6 66 Takeda, ; Rogers, C/N lignin/n LCI C/N C/N Musvoto et al., ; Xuluc-Tolosa et al., C/N lignin/n immobilization Osono and

7 67 Table 2. The initial nutrient concentration (%) of decomposition bag of three stands in Hui-Sun Experimental Forest. fixation Melillo et al., 1982; Musvoto et al., Tietema Wessel

8 68 Fig. 2.After three years of decomposition, the C remaining (a), N remaining (b) and P remaining of A: nature hardwood stand; B: China-fir plantation and C: secondary hardwood stand in the Hui-Sun Experimental Forest.

9 69 Fig. 3. After three years of decomposition, the K remaining (d), Ca remaining (e) and Mg remaining (f) of A: nature hardwood stand B: China-fir plantation and C: secondary hardwood stand in the Hui-Sun Experim ental Forest.

10 70 Berg Berg and Staaf Ribeiro et al., Berg Fagus sylvatica L. Abies alba Mill. Rutigliano et al., Gifu Abies veitchii Betula ermanii Tian et al., C/N

11 71 40 Fig. 4. After three years of decomposition, the lignin contraction (a) and P lignin remaining (b) of A: nature hardwood stand B: China-fir plantation and C: secondary hardwood stand in the Hui-Sun Experimental Forest. C/N C/N Semwal et al., ; Xuluc-Tolosa et al., C/N C/N C/N C/N and Takeda, Osono and Takeda Rogers, C/N C/N C/N

12 72 Fig. 5 After three years of decomposition, the C/N of A, nature hardwood stand; B, China-fir plantation and C, secondary hardwood stand in the Hui-Sun Experimental Forest. Berg, B. (2000) Litter decomposition and organic matter turnover in northern forest soils. For. Ecol. Manage. 133: Berg, B. and H. Staaf (1980) Decomposition rate and chemical changes of Scots pine needle litter. II. Influence of chemical composition. In: Persson, T. (Ed.), Structure and Function of Northern Coniferous Forest-An Ecosystem Study. Ecol. Bull. (Stockholm) 32: Berg, B., H. Staaf and B. Wessen (1987) Decomposition and nutrient release in needle litter from nitrogen-fertilized Scots

13 73 pine (Pinus sylvestris) stand. Scand. J. For. Res. 2: Idol, T. W., K. A. Holzbaur, P. E. Pope and F. Ponder, Jr (2002) Control-bag correction for forest floor litterbag contamination. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 66: Johansson, M.-B., B. Berg and V. Meentemeyer (1995) Litter mass-loss rates in late stages of decomposition in a climatic transect of pine forest. Long-term decomposition in a Scots pine forest. Can. J. Bot. 73: Melillo, J. M., J. D. Aber and J. F. Muratore (1982) Nitrogen and lignin control of hardwood leaf litter decomposition dynamics. Ecology 63: Moore, P. D. and S. B. Chapman (1986) Methods in plants ecology. 2nd ed. Blackwell Scientific Publications. Oxford, London, Edinburgh. Moro, M. J. and F. Domingo (2000) Litter decomposition in four woody species in a Mediterranean climate: weight loss, N and P dynamics. Annals Bot. 86: Musvoto, C., B. M. Campbell and H. Kirchmann. (2000) Decomposition and nutrient release from mango and miombo woodland litter in Zimbabwe. Soil Biol. Biochem. 32: Olson, J. S. (1963) Energy storage and the balance of producers and decomposers in ecological systems. Ecology 44: Osono, T. and H. Takeda (2001) Organic chemical and nutrient dynamics in decomposing beech leaf litter in relation to fungal in growth and succession during 3- year decomposition processes in a cool temperate deciduous forest in Japan. Ecological Research 16: Ribeiro, C., M. Madeira and M. C. Araujo (2002) Decomposition and nutrient release from leaf litter of Eucalyptus globules grown under different water and nutrient regimes. For. Ecol. Manage. 171: Rogers, H. M (2002) Litterfall, decomposition and nutrient release in a lowland tropical rain forest, Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. J. Trop. Ecol. 18: Rustad, L. E (1994) Element dynamics along a decay continuum in a red spruce ecosystem in Maine, USA. Ecology 75: Rutigliano, F. A., A. Virzo De Santo, B. Berg, A. Alfani and A. Fioretto (1996) Litter decomposition in decaying leaves of fagus sylvatica and needles of abies alba. Soil Biol. Biochem. 28(1): Semwal, R. L., R. K. Maikhuri, K. S. Rob, K. K. Sen and K. G. Saxena (2003) Leaf litter decomposition and nutrient release patterns of six multipurpose tree species of central Himalaya, India. Biomass and Bioenergy 24: Sundarapandian, S. M. and P. S. Swamy (1999) Litter production and leaf-litter decomposition of selected tree species in tropical forests at Kodayar in the Western Ghats, India. For. Ecol. Manage. 123: Takeda, H. and T. Abe (2001) Templates of

14 74 food-habitat resources for the organization of soil animals in temperate and tropical forests. Ecological Research 16: Tian, X., H. Takeda and J. Azuma (2000) Dyamics of organic-chamical components in leaf litters during a 3.5-year decomposition. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 36: Tietema, A. and W. W. Wessel (1994) Microbial activity and leaching during initial oak leaf litter decomposition. Biol. Fert. Soils 18: Torreta, N. K. and H. Takeda (1999) Carbon and nitrogen dynamics of decomposing leaf litter in a tropical hill evergreen forest. Eur. J. Soil Biol. 35: Xuluc-Tolosa, F. J., H. F. M. Vester, N. Ramirez- Marcial, J. Castellanos-Albores and D. Lawrence (2003) Leaf litter decomposition of tree species in three successional phases of tropical dry secondary forest in Campeche, Mexico. For. Ecol. Manage. 174:

福山與塔塔加地區兩樹種綠葉分解之比較

福山與塔塔加地區兩樹種綠葉分解之比較兩樹種綠葉在塔塔加與福山地區分解作用之比較黃菊美 1, 杜清澤 1, 林國銓 2, 3 1 行政院農業委員會林業試驗所育林組 ; 2 行政院農業委員會林業試驗所副所長室 ; 3 通訊作者 E-mail: kuolin@tfri.gov.tw [ 摘要 ] 於海拔不同的