NP [11] 7) 4)~ 6) ( ) : Kirk- patrick [26] 1 Fig.1 TextureMergingSketch Map ) 2) 3) 1 4) 5)

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1 GeomaticsandInformationScienceofWuhanUniversity Vol.40No.3 March2015 DOI: /j.whugis : (2015) : : :P208TP751 :A ISOMAP [1] [2] [25] [3] [4-10] [11-19] [20-21] (Greedy Algorithm [22-34] GA) (SimulatedAnnealingSA) OSG(OpenSceneGraph) Optimizer :Autodesk 1 3DMax UVW-UnWrap : : 863 (2012BAH35B032013AA12A203) (ZDSY ) : daixuefeng203@126.com : xionghanjiang@163.com

348 2015 3 NP [11] 7) 4)~ 6) 1 1 1 2 3 ( ) 1 1 4 2 4 5 2 : 1 2 6 1 6 6 1 2 Kirk- patrick [26] 1 Fig.

2 NP [11] 7) 4)~ 6) ( ) : Kirk- patrick [26] 1 Fig.1 TextureMergingSketch Map ) 2) 3) 1 4) 5) 2 Fig.2 TextureMergingFlow Diagram Basedon GreedyAlgorithm 6)

3 40 3 : : 1) T=αT OSG(OpenSceneGraph) α (01) E = F(X n ) OpenGL T = T 0 T min 2) :3.09GHz3.10GB X 0 3) X 0 3DS X 1 5 4) :ΔE= 5 F(X 1 )-F(X 0 ) 5) ΔE 0 X 1 X 0 X 0=X 1 6) ΔE<0 : GPU exp(δe/t) random[01] X 1 X 1 X 0 X 0= X 1 7) :T=αT 8) 3)~ 7) T T min 3 C + + VS2008 :CPU:4Intel(R)Core(TM)i5 :NVIDIA NVS3100 M GPU GPU α α GPU α E=F(X n ) 3 E 4(a) 4(b) 4(a) /MB 1 Tab.1 ExperimentalResults /ms /ms GPU /ms GPU /ms ) 3DMax VirtualWorld Virtual LoD World GPU 30 ( (5)

4 Fig.3 3D ModelBasedTextureMerging 4 Fig.4 TextureMergingResult 5 Fig.5 LargeScale3D ModelsRenderingBasedonTextureMerging

5 40 3 : 351 GRAPH 01)LosAngelesCA [8] LoyazAAdabalax NMishrayD A.A Practical ApproachtoImage-guidedBuildingFacadeAbstrac- tion[c].proceedingof26thcomputergraphicsin- ternationalistanbulturkey2008 [9] YangBishengLiQingquanGongJianya.A Ro- bust and Rapid Algorithm for Generating and Transmiting Multi-resolution Three-dimensional Models[J].ChineseScience Buletin200651(8): [10]GlanderTDolnerJ.AbstractRepresentationsfor Interactive Visualizationof Virtual3DCity Models [J].ComputersEnvironmentand Urban System (5): [11] WuLingdaGao YuWeiYingmei.A Surveyof InteractiveRenderingofLarge-Scaleand Complex Scenes[J].Journalof Computer Researchand De- velopment200744(9): (. [J] (9): ) [1] KhanIROkuda M.TextureSimplificationin3D MapsforVisualizationatLow Resolution[C].In- ternationalsymposium on Inteligent Signal Pro- cessingandcommunicationstotorijapan2006 [2] Zhu QingLin Hui.CyberCityGeographicInfor- mationsystem:tentativeexplorationon3d City Modelsin Virtual Urban Environment[M]. Wu- han:wuhanuniversitypress2004(. [12]YoonSLPPManochaD.Cache-Oblivious Mesh Layouts[J].ACM Transactionon Graphics (3): [13]SanderP VNehab DBarczakJ.Fast Triangle Reorderingfor Vertex Localityand Reduced over Draw[J].ACM Transactionson Graphics (TOG) (3):89-97 [14]ZhuQingGongJunDuZhiqiangetal.LoDsDe- : scriptionof3d City Model[J].GeomaticsandIn- [M]. : 2004) [3] Song GeYang Hongyu.Optimization Algorithm forlargescalescenemodelsbasedontextureat- las[j].computer Engineering and Design2011 formation Scienceof Wuhan University (11): (. [J] (11): ) 32(9): (. [15]Zhu QingGongJun.AnImproved Ful3D R 2 - [J]. TreeSpatialIndex Method[J].GeomaticsandIn- eralizationand MultipleRepresentationLeicester 2004 [5] Kada M. Scale-Dependent Simplification of 3D Building ModelsBasedon CelDecompositionand PrimitiveInstancing[C].InternationalConference onspatialinformationtheorymelbourne2007 [6] Du Zhiqiang Zhao Junqiao. Percepetion-driven Simplification Methodologyof3DComplexBuilding Models[C].ISPRS2008Beijing (9): ) [4] ThienmannFSesterM.SegmentationofBuildings for3d Generalization[C].ICA WorkshoponGen- [7] LegakisJDorsey J GortlerS.Feature-based Celular Texturingfor Architectural Models[C]. Proceedingofthe28thAnnualConferenceonCom- puter GraphicsandInteractive Techniques (SIG- formation Scienceof Wuhan University (4): (. R [J] tion Scienceof Wuhan University201035(2): (. 31(4): ) [16]ZhuQingLiXiaomingZhangYetingetal.De- signandimplementationofa High-performance3D GISDatabaseEngine[J].GeomaticsandInforma- GIS [J] (2): ) [17]HeZhengweiWu HuayiChenJing.Researchon BrowsingLargeScale3DSceneofCityBuildingso- verinternet[j].journalof System Simulation (10): (. Internet

6 [J] (10): ) [18]XuKaimingWu HuayiGongJianya.Researchon MechanismofGeographicInformationServiceSup- portedby Multi-tier HeterogeneousGeospatialDa-. ctanularstrip Packing Problem [D]. Guangxi : [J] (4): ) [19]Zhou DongboZhu QingDu Zhiqiang. A Data Granularityand Structure Coherence Organization MethodforLarge-Scale3D City Models[J].Geo- maticsandinformation Scienceof Wuhan Univer- sity201136(12): ( Scienceof Wuhan University200530(2): (. [J] (12): ) [20]LiDerenZhaoZhongyuanZhaoPing.Designand Implementationof3D DecisionSupportSystemfor UrbanPlanning[J].Geomaticsand Information Scienceof Wuhan University201136(5): (5): ) [21]JiangJulangHuangZhongZhengJiangyun.Al- gorithmfortextureatlasgenerationbasedontri- versity (Engineering and Technology Edition) 509(. 3DGeneralization[C].ICA WorkshoponGeneraliza- [J]. tionand MultipleRepresentationLeicester (6): (. Simplification Methodologyof3DComplexBuilding [J]. Models[C].ISPRS2008Beijing2008 ( )201242(6): ) [30]LegakisJDorseyJGortlerS.Feature-basedCel- [22]Cao WeiqunBaoHujunPengQunsheng.A Level lulartexturing Forarchitectural Models[C].Pro- ofdetail Modelby Merging Near-coplanar Faces ceedingofthe28thannualconferenceoncomputer BasedonGaussSphere[J].Journalof Software GraphicsandInteractiveTechniques(SIGGRAPH (12): ( 01)LosAngelesCA2001. [J]. [31]LoyazAAdabalax NMishrayD A.A Practical ture Optimization Methodology for 3D Building angularboundingbox[j].journalof Jiling Uni (12): ) [23]DuZhiqiangLuoPanZhuXiaolingetal.Tex- BasedonSuperFace[J].GeomaticsandInforma- tion Scienceof Wuhan University201439(12): (. [J]. GuangxiNormalUniversity2008(. [D]. : 2008) tabase[j].geomaticsandinformation Scienceof (12): ) Wuhan University200833(4): ( [24]Zhao Xinfang.A Genetic Algorithm for The Re- [25]ZhangJianqingHeShaojunSuGuozhong.Appli- cationofimagetexturereorganizationto3d Model Reconstruction[J].Geomatics and Information [J] (2): ) [26]KirkpatrickSVecchiM P.OptimizationbySim- mulatedannealing[j].science (4598): [27]ThienmannFSesterM.SegmentationofBuildingsfor [28]Kada M. Scale-Dependent Simplification of 3D Building ModelsBasedon CelDecompositionand PrimitiveInstancing[C].InternationalConference onspatialinformationtheorymelbourne2007 [29]Du Zhiqiang Zhao Junqiao. Percepetion-driven ternationalistanbulturkey2008 A Multi-textureAutomaticMergingApproachforthe3DCityModels DAI Xuefeng 1 XIONG Hanjiang 1 GONG Jianya 1 1 StateKeyLaboratoryofInformationEngineeringinSurveyingMappingandRemoteSensing WuhanUniversityWuhan430079China ApproachtoImage-guidedBuildingFa adeabstrac- tion[c].proceedingof26thcomputergraphicsin- Abstract:Largequantitiesofsmaltexturessignificantlyincreasethecostsofloadingandrendering batchesof3dcity modelsslowingdowntherenderingeficiency.thetraditionaltexture merging methodreliesonartificialexperiencewhichisineficient.thispaperintroducesamulti-textureaut- ( 411 )

7 40 3 :BOC 411 actionson WirelesCommunications20109(2): [13]Feng YongxinXu MeirongLiu Xiantaoetal. Main Lobe Overlapped Acquisition Algorithm of FrequencyDomainBasedonBOC ModulationSignal [J].Journalof Data Acquisition & Procesing neering201212(9): (. FFT [J] (9): ) [15]ChenXiang.ArithmeticResearchandSimulationof (1):26-31( (1):26-31) [14]HeLuLuZhenpengLiJianetal.DesignandIm- plementof Acquisition Based on Partial Matched BOC SignalSynchronization Based on XilinxISE versity2012(. XilinxISE FPGA BOC [D]. : 2012) AnImprovedCodePhaseAcquisitionAlgorithmforBOCSignal ZHU Yinbing 1 LI Bao 1 LIU Rui 1 1 ElectricEngineeringInstituteNavalEngineeringUniversityWuhan430033China FiltersandFFT[J].Science Technology and Engi- BOC [J]. andfpga[d].shanghai:shanghaijiaotonguni- Abstract:AutocorrelationfunctionresultsforaBOCsignalshowthatithasmulti-valuestherefore theacquisitionofabocsignalcannotsimplytransplantthealgorithmofgpssignal.thusaparalel codephasesearchalgorithmandthecrosscorrelationcharacteristicsofbocsignalareanalyzedand thevalidityofparalelcodephasesearchalgorithmonbocsignalissimulated.animprovedacquisi- tionalgorithmispresentedandusedtoanalyzebocsignaladdressingtheinsuficienciesoftheparal- lelcodephasesearchalgorithmfortheacquisitionofbocsignalatlow SNR(signaltonoiseratio). TheresultsshowthattheimprovedalgorithmisfitforBOC(pnn)signalwherepisanintegerex- pandingtheapplicationareaforparalelcodephasesearchalgorithms.theimprovedalgorithm can improvesnrofacquisition10dbascomparedtothatoftheparalelcodephasesearchalgorithm.the improvedalgorithmcanenhanceacquisitionsensitivityofreceiversanimportantaidinthedesignof acquisitionalgorithmsforreceivers. Keywords:satelitenavigationBOC modulationparalelcodephasesearch Firstauthor:ZHU YinbingPhDlecturerspecializesinthetheoriesandmethodsofradioandsatelitenavigation. zyba nvy@ 126.com Foundationsupport:TheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina No 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 ( 352 ) omaticmergingapproachbasedonthegreedyandsimulatedannealingalgorithms.firstlythegreedy algorithm wasusedtomergethesmaltexturesautomaticaly.secondlyasimulatedannealingalgo- rithm wasusedtooptimizethe mergedresultsinordertoensurethattheresultsconvergedtothe globaloptimum.thewholeprocessofthetexture mergingisaccomplishedautomaticaly.finaly someexperimentsbasedonthisapproacharetestedanddiscussed.experimentalresultsdemonstrate theefectivenessofthisapproach. Keywords:three-dimensionalmodeltexture merginggreedyalgorithmsimulatedannealingalgo- rithmtexturespace Firstauthor:DAIXuefengPhDcandidatespecializesinvisualizationof3Dspatialdataofcyberspace. daixuefeng203@126.com Correspondingauthor:XIONG HanjiangPhDprofessor. xionghanjiang@163.com Foundationsupport:TheNationalHighTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(863Program)Nos2012BAH35B AA12A203theTechnologyResearchandDevelopmentProgramofShenzhenNo.ZDSY

40 3 :BOC 407, BOC,() (2), A, : R sc (n)= a k gmt s (m)sc Ts (m) m=0 k k2 a k2 g(m-n)t s (m -n) (3) T c=kt s, k, BOC, Fig. BOCSignalModulation k BOC,

40 3 :BOC 407, BOC,() (2), A, : R sc (n)= a k gmt s (m)sc Ts (m) m=0 k k2 a k2 g(m-n)t s (m -n) (3) T c=kt s, k, BOC, Fig. BOCSignalModulation k BOC, 40 3 2053 GeomaticsandInformationScienceofWuhanUniversity Vol.40No.3 March205 DOI:0.3203/j.whugis2030268 :67-8860(205)03-0406-06 BOC,,430033 :BOC(binaryofsetcarrier),BOC GPS BOC, BOC,, BOC, BOC(pn,n) (p