http://www.jaea.go.jp 319-1195 2 4 029-282-6387, Fax 029-282-5920, E-mail: ird-support@jaea.go.jp This report is issued irregularly by Japan Atomic Energy Agency Inquiries about availability and/or copyright of this report should be addressed to Intellectual Resources Section, Intellectual Resources Department, Japan Atomic Energy Agency 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195 Japan Tel +81-29-282-6387, Fax +81-29-282-5920, E-mail: ird-support@jaea.go.jp Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2009
JAEA-Technology 2009-020 i
JAEA-Technology 2009-020 Radiation Environment Account before Dismantling the Conversion Facilities Evaluation of the Uranium Inventory and Air Dose Rate in the Dismantling Facilities Masamitsu SHIMAIKEKaoru YOKOYAMA Sohei IKEGAMINobuo TAKAHASHI and Noritake SUGITSUE Environmental Research and Development Department Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama-ken (Received March 12, 2009) At the reprocessed uranium conversion facilities, 48Y-cylinder homogenization treatment equipment, UO3 pneumatic transport equipment, gas trapping and filling equipment and the second grade UF4 drying equipment have been dismantled according to the schedule, in 2008 fiscal year. The gamma-ray measurement had been carried out before dismantlement to evaluate the radioactivity inventory. As a result, the uranium recovery work was forecasted for reasonable dismantlement. In addition, the feature nuclide affecting the results of the measurement on the air dose was evaluated. Additionally, as the waste data, gamma-ray analysis results are shown. Keywords: Uranium, Reprocessed Uranium, Gamma-ray Measurement, Air Dose, Dismantling, Conversion Facilities Collaborating Engineer ii
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Contents Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Gamma-ray measurement intended for the dismantlement equipment ------------------- 2 Gamma-ray measurement using Ge detector ------------------------------------------------- 2 Gamma-ray measurement device ------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Gamma-ray measurement condition --------------------------------------------------------- 2 Measurement position --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 Gamma-ray measurement result ------------------------------------------------------------- 4 Gamma-ray measurement using NaI detector ------------------------------------------------ 5 Gamma-ray measurement device ------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Gamma-ray measurement condition --------------------------------------------------------- 5 Measurement position --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 Gamma-ray measurement result ------------------------------------------------------------- 6 Radionuclide identification ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Radionuclide Estimation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 Gamma-ray emitted from Reprocessed uranium ---------------------------------------- 7 Radioactivity inventory inside the equipment ----------------------------------------------------- 9 Air dose ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Necessity of uranium recovery ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Cold Trap --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Crusher and Drier --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Reprocessed uranium influence for the air dose ------------------------------------------------- 12 Radionuclide distribution estimation in the process ------------------------------------------- 14 Conclusion ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15 References ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 iv
Table 2.1.1 ------------------------------------------------------- 17 Table 2.1.2 -------------------------------------------------------- 17 Table 2.1.3 -------------------------------------------------------- 18 Table 2.1.4 -------------------------------------------------------- 18 Table 2.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 Table 2.3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19 Table 2.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Table 3.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.2.1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.2.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.3.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Table 3.3.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Table 3.4 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 Table 3.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Table 4.1.1 ------------------------------------------- 23 Table 4.1.2 --------------------------------------------- 23 Table 4.2.1 -------------------------------------------------- 24 Table 4.2.2 ----------------------------------------------------- 24 Table 4.3.1 ----------------------------------------- 25 Table 4.3.2 ------------------------------------------- 25 Table 4.4.1 ----------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 4.4.2 --------------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 4.5.1 ----------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 4.5.2 ---------------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 4.6 --------------------------------------------------------- 26 Table 8.1 ------------------------------------------------------- 27 Table 8.2 ---------------------------------------------------- 27 v
Table list Table 2.1.1 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph701 --------------------------------- 17 Table 2.1.2 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph702 --------------------------------- 17 Table 2.1.3 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph703 --------------------------------- 18 Table 2.1.4 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph704 --------------------------------- 18 Table 2.2 Gamma-ray count rate from the crusher ----------------------------------------------- 19 Table 2.3 Gamma-ray count rate from the drier --------------------------------------------------- 19 Table 2.4 Gamma-ray count rate from the pipe ---------------------------------------------------- 19 Table 3.1 UO3 analysis data average ----------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.2.1 Gamma-ray energy 232 U ---------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.2.2 Gamma-ray energy 236 U ---------------------------------------------------------------- 20 Table 3.3.1 232 U Radioactivity -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Table 3.3.2 236 U Radioactivity -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21 Table 3.4 Gamma-ray energy 237 Np ----------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Table 3.5 237 Np Radioactivity --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 Table 4.1.1 Uranium deposit density of the cold trap 235 U 238 U --------------------------- 23 Table 4.1.2 Uranium deposit of the cold trap 235 U 238 U ------------------------------------- 23 Table 4.2.1 Uranium deposit density of the cold trap 232 U ----------------------------------- 24 Table 4.2.2 Uranium deposit of the cold trap 232 U ---------------------------------------------- 24 Table 4.3.1 Neptunium deposit density of the cold trap 237 Np ------------------------------ 25 Table 4.3.2 Neptunium deposit of the cold trap 237 Np ----------------------------------------- 25 Table 4.4.1 Uranium deposit density of the crusher 235 U 238 U --------------------------------- 26 Table 4.4.2 Uranium deposit of the crusher 235 U 238 U --------------------------------------- 26 Table 4.5.1 Uranium deposit density of the drier 235 U 238 U -------------------------------- 26 Table 4.5.2 Uranium deposit of the drier 235 U 238 U ------------------------------------------ 26 Table 4.6 Uranium and Neptunium deposit density inside the pipe ------------------------ 26 Table 8.1 Uranium deposit inside the equipment ------------------------------------------------- 27 Table 8.2 Uranium deposit density inside the equipment -------------------------------------- 27 vi
Fig.1.1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 Fig.2.1 ----------------------------------------------------------- 29 Fig.2.2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 Fig.2.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 Fig.2.4 ---------------------------------------- 31 Fig.2.5 -------------------------------------------------- 32 Fig.2.6 -------------------------------------------------- 33 Fig.2.7 -------------------------------------------------------------- 34 Fig.2.8 ------------------------------- 35 Fig.2.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 36 Fig.2.10 ----------------------------------------------------- 37 Fig.2.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 38 Fig.2.12 ------------------------------------------------------------- 39 Fig.2.13 -------------------------------------------------------- 40 Fig.2.14 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 41 Fig.2.15 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 42 Fig.4.1 ------------------------------------------------------- 43 Fig.4.2 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 44 Fig.4.3 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 45 Fig.4.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Fig.4.5 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46 Fig.5.1.1 ---------------------------------------------------------- 47 Fig.5.1.2 ---------------------------------------------------------- 48 Fig.5.1.3 ---------------------------------------------------------- 49 Fig.5.1.4 ---------------------------------------------------------- 50 Fig.5.2.1 -------------------------------- 51 Fig.5.2.2 --------------------------------- 52 Fig.7.1 ---------------------------------- 53 Fig.7.2 ---------------------------------------------- 54 vii
Figure list Fig.1.1 Dismantlement equipment Layout --------------------------------------------------------- 28 Fig.2.1 Layout and measurement point of the cold trap ---------------------------------------- 29 Fig.2.2 Measurement point of the crusher ---------------------------------------------------------- 30 Fig.2.3 Measurement point of the drier -------------------------------------------------------------- 30 Fig.2.4 Gamma-ray spectrum from the cold trapmeasurement point701-1 ---------- 31 Fig.2.5 Gamma-ray spectrum from the crushermeasurement point121-1 ----------- 32 Fig.2.6 Gamma-ray spectrum from the driermeasurement point130-1 --------------- 33 Fig.2.7 Gamma-ray spectrum from the pipe of the cylinder processing room ------------- 34 Fig.2.8 Gamma-ray spectrum from the pipe of the cold trap room Measurement point701- pipe ------------- 35 Fig.2.9 Gamma-ray spectrum from the pipe of UF6 filling room ----------------------------- 36 Fig.2.10 Measurement point of the cylinder processing room and UF6 filling room ---- 37 Fig.2.11 Measurement point of the cold trap room ----------------------------------------------- 38 Fig.2.12 Measurement point of the UF4 feed chamber ------------------------------------------ 39 Fig.2.13 Air dose of the cylinder processing room and UF6 filling room ------------------- 40 Fig.2.14 Air dose of the cold trap room --------------------------------------------------------------- 41 Fig.2.15 Air dose of UF4 feed chamber --------------------------------------------------------------- 42 Fig.4.1 Calculation model of the uranium quantity inside the cold trap ------------------- 43 Fig.4.2 Calculation model of the uranium quantity inside the crusher --------------------- 44 Fig.4.3 Calculation model of the uranium quantity inside the drier ------------------------ 45 Fig.4.4 Calculation model of the uranium quantity inside the pipe ------------------------- 46 Fig.4.5 Configuration of Ge detector ------------------------------------------------------------------ 46 Fig.5.1.1 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph701 ----------------------------------- 47 Fig.5.1.2 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph702 ----------------------------------- 48 Fig.5.1.3 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph703 ----------------------------------- 49 Fig.5.1.4 Gamma-ray count rate from the cold traph704 ----------------------------------- 50 Fig.5.2.1 Air dose of the cold trap and uranium deposit distributionplane ------------- 51 Fig.5.2.2 Air dose of the cold trap and uranium deposit distributionvertical ---------- 52 Fig.7.1 Air dose in each energy rangecold trap room ----------------------------------------- 53 Fig.7.2 Gamma-ray spectrum from the cold trapmeasurement point1 ---------------- 54 viii
Photo1.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55 Photograph list Photo1.1 Dismantlement equipment ----------------------------------------------------------------- 55 ix
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UF 2H 2O UO2F2 6 4HF 11
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H701 H703 H704 H702 cm 38
43 H701, 702 H703, 704
44 121-13 121-46
45 130-1 130-24 130-512
46 Pb SUS 3.5cm 3.8cm 4.95cm 4.96cm 5.7cm 6.6cm 6.55 5.61 3 1
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SI SI m kg s A K mol cd SI SI m 2 m 3 m/s m/s 2 m -1 kg/m 3 kg/m 2 m 3 /kg A/m 2 A/m (a) mol/m 3 kg/m 3 cd/m 2 (b) 1 (b) 1 aamount concentration substance concentration SI SI SI SI () rad 1 m/m () sr (c) 1 m 2/ m 2 Hz s -1 N m kg s -2, Pa N/m 2 m -1 kg s -2,, J N m m 2 kg s -2 W J/s m 2 kg s -3, C s A, V W/A m 2 kg s -3 A -1 F C/V m -2 kg -1 s 4 A 2 V/A m 2 kg s -3 A -2 S A/V m -2 kg -1 s 3 A 2 Wb Vs m 2 kg s -2 A -1 T Wb/m 2 kg s -2 A -1 H Wb/A m 2 kg s -2 A -2 () K lm cd sr (c) cd lx lm/m 2 m -2 cd Bq s -1,, Gy J/kg m 2 s -2,,, Sv J/kg m 2 s -2 kat s -1 mol (a)si (b) radsr (c)sr (d) (e) (f)activity referred to a radionuclide radioactivity (g)pv,2002,70,205cipm2ci-2002 SI SI SI Pa s m -1 kg s -1 N m m 2 kg s -2 N/m kg s -2 rad/s m m -1 s -1 =s rad/s 2 m m -1 s -2 =s -2, W/m 2 kg s -3, J/K m 2 kg s -2 K -1 J/(kg K) m 2 s -2 K -1 J/kg m 2 s -2 W/(m K) m kg s -3 K -1 J/m 3 m -1 kg s -2 V/m m kg s -3 A -1 C/m 3 m -3 sa C/m 2 m -2 sa C/m 2 m -2 sa F/m m -3 kg -1 s 4 A 2 H/m m kg s -2 A -2 J/mol m 2 kg s -2 mol -1, J/(mol K) m 2 kg s -2 K -1 mol -1 C/kg kg -1 sa Gy/s m 2 s -3 W/sr m 4 m -2 kg s -3 =m 2 kg s -3 W/(m 2 sr) m 2 m -2 kg s -3 =kg s -3 kat/m 3 m -3 s -1 mol SI 10 24 10-1 d 10 21 10-2 c 10 18 10-3 m 10 15 10-6 µ 10 12 10-9 n 10 9 10-12 p 10 6 10-15 f 10 3 10-18 a 10 2 10-21 z 10 1 da 10-24 y SISI SI min 1 min=60s h 1h =60 min=3600 s d 1 d=24 h=86 400 s 1 =(/180) rad 1 =(1/60) =(/10800) rad 1 =(1/60) =(/648000) rad ha 1ha=1hm 2 =10 4 m 2 Ll 1L=11=1dm 3 =10 3 cm 3 =10-3 m 3 t 1t=10 3 kg SISISI SI ev 1eV=1.602 176 53(14) 10-19 J Da 1Da=1.660 538 86(28) 10-27 kg u 1u=1 Da ua 1ua=1.495 978 706 91(6) 10 11 m SISI SI bar bar=0.1mpa=100kpa=10 5 Pa mmhg 1mmHg=133.322Pa =0.1nm=100pm=10-10 m M=1852m b b=100fm 2 =(10-12 cm)2=10-28 m 2 kn kn=(1852/3600)m/s Np db CGSSI 10SI SI Ci 1 Ci=3.7 10 10 Bq R 1 R = 2.58 10-4 C/kg rad 1 rad=1cgy=10-2 Gy rem 1 rem=1 csv=10-2 Sv 1=1 nt=10-9t 1=1 fm=10-15m 1 = 200 mg = 2 10-4kg Torr 1 Torr = (101 325/760) Pa atm 1 atm = 101 325 Pa cal µ 1 µ =1µm=10-6 m CGS SI erg 1 erg=10-7 J dyn 1 dyn=10-5 N P 1 P=1 dyn s cm -2 =0.1Pa s St 1 St =1cm 2 s -1 =10-4 m 2 s -1 sb 1 sb =1cd cm -2 =10 4 cd m -2 ph 1 ph=1cd sr cm -2 10 4 lx Gal 1 Gal =1cm s -2 =10-2 ms -2 Mx 1 Mx = 1G cm 2 =10-8 Wb G 1 G =1Mx cm -2 =10-4 T Oe 1 Oe (10 3 /4)A m -1 1cal=4.1858J154.1868J IT4.184J