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50 49 P92 51 P26 59-283 40 P68 1. M. 2008. C / /... 2003. 2. J. 2010 2. J. 2013 3. 3 1934 20 80. M. 2012 2-24. 1928 5 Susan Naquin. Peking Temples and City Life 1400-1900 M. Berkeley Los Angeles London University of California Press 2000. 4. 6. J. C / /... 1931 5. 1995. 7. J M. 1938 10. 2001. 8. J. 93
2016 6 1936 9. 9. D. 23 N. 1930 18. 1940. 10. D. J001-007-01918. 1937. 25 N. 1928 1 6. 11. J. 1935 8. 12. D 1941. N. 1934 7 10. 13. C / /.. 27. Z. 1930 2005. 14. 19 J. Z. 1932 10. J181-021 - 2006 2. 15626 15. C / /... Z. 1932 11. J181-020 1995. 16. Z. 1933 J. 10. J181-021 - 19650 2001 3. N. 17. D. 1932-01-24. 1935. 18. D. N. 1932-09-01. 1930. 19 N. 1932-09-15. 30. J. 1934 40 11-12. 31. C / /. N. 1932-01-27... 32 N. 1934-08- 1995. 20. J. 33 N. 2001 3. 19 1934-08-27. 34 Z. 1935 4. J. 2006 2. 20 N. 35 Z. 1935 3 1-2. 1935-04-30. J001-001-00137. 21. M. 36. C / /. 1929... 22. D. 94 1940. 24 Z. 1931 4. 26 8. J181-020-04384-19545 28 29 N J001-001-00147. 2005.
37 Z. J181-024-02697. 1934-11-19 1935-04-27. J001-44. D. 001-00136. 1949. 38. Z. 1941. 45. J.. 39 46. J. Z. 1941-04- 03. J001-001-00195. 40. D. J. 2007 2. 1939. J. 41 2010 9. Z. 1941-04-10. 48. J001-001-00209. 1853-1937 M. 42 N. 1940-03-09 C / /. 2005.. 49. 1900-1942. 1995. M 2008 1063. 43 Z. N. 1934 7 10. 1946-03-09. J002-001-00484. J. 1971 13 3.. Z. 1946 4. 1949. 1949 6 3. 47. M. 1996. 50 51. M. 2000 256. From Autonomy to Bao-Jia System On Village Politics in the suburbs of Beijing in Modern Times LI Er-Ling Institute of History Capital Normal University Beijing 100091 China Abstract Starting from the late Qing dynasty the national power incorporated rural organizations gradually. The politics modernization of Beijing suburbs was built on the extraction of social wealth to serve the war. In autonomous period the nation extracted wealth by the way of increasing the surcharge contributing to the Green Crop Society's consolidation. Local authorities used temple as a public space and maintained the power regardless of name changes. Since the implement of the Bao-Jia system local community leaders gradually differentiated and became the plundering tools for the government. The old culture network of the villages had been broken local administration had finally been collected the Bao-Jia system completely destroyed the rural organizations. In these changes the entanglements of local society and national administration are worth of further exploration. Keywords Beijing suburbs public space the Green Crop Society autonomy the Bao-Jia system 95